Patents by Inventor Arnold L. Demain
Arnold L. Demain has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Publication number: 20080248542Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for use in culturing Clostridium difficile and producing Clostridium difficile toxins.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 7, 2008Publication date: October 9, 2008Inventors: Arnold L. Demain, Aiqi Fang
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Publication number: 20040235139Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions for use in culturing Clostridium difficile and producing Clostridium difficile toxins.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 22, 2003Publication date: November 25, 2004Inventors: Arnold L. Demain, Aiqi Fang
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Publication number: 20030199075Abstract: A method for converting compactin to pravastatin is described. Compactin is provided and contacted with an agent derived from Actinomadura under conditions in which the agent converts compactin to pravastatin. Also described are an Actinomadura strain, an Actinomadura cell free extract, an Actinomadura hydroxylase, and a method for lowering cholesterol levels in mammals.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 12, 2003Publication date: October 23, 2003Inventors: Arnold L. Demain, Yulin Peng, Jacob Yashphe, Joseph Davis
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Patent number: 6566120Abstract: A method for converting compactin to pravastatin is described. Compactin is provided and contacted with an agent derived from Actinomadura under conditions in which the agent converts compactin to pravastatin. Also described are an Actinomadura strain, an Actinomadura cell free extract, an Actinomadura hydroxylase, and a method for lowering cholesterol levels in mammals.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 2001Date of Patent: May 20, 2003Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Yulin Peng, Jacob Yashphe, Joseph Davis
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Patent number: 6558926Abstract: The present invention provides a system for the growth of C. tetani and production of Tetanus Toxin for use in formulating Tetanus Toxoid preparations. The system includes growth media that contain significantly reduced levels of meat or dairy by-products using non-animal based products to replace the animal-derived products. Preferred media are substantially free of animal-derived products.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1999Date of Patent: May 6, 2003Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Aiqi Fang
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Patent number: 6383773Abstract: The present invention provides a biological system for expanding the dethiazolidine ring of penicillins into the dehydrothiazine ring of cephalosporins or cephalosporin precursors. In particular, the invention defines reaction conditions under which expandase enzyme can convert penicillin substrates other than penicillin N into cephalosporins. The invention therefore provides a relatively inexpensive, uncomplicated, and environmentally friendly biological system for cephalosporin production from penicillins, which system can replace the synthetic chemical approaches currently utilized. In particular, the invention provides a system for producing DOAG and/or DAG, which can be enzymatically converted into 7-ADCA and 7-ADAC, which, in turn, can be enzymatically or chemically converted into valuable cephalosporins of commerce.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 1999Date of Patent: May 7, 2002Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Hiroshi Cho, Jacqueline M. Piret, Josè L. Adrio, Maria-Josefa E. Fernandez, Marco A. Bàez-Vàsquez, Gilberto Hintermann
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Patent number: 6274360Abstract: A method for converting compactin to pravastatin is described. Compactin is provided and contacted with an agent derived from Actinomadura under conditions in which the agent converts compactin to pravastatin. Also described are an Actinomadura strain, an Actinomadura cell free extract, an Actinomadura hydroxylase, and a method for lowering cholesterol levels in mammals.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1999Date of Patent: August 14, 2001Assignee: Massachusetts Insitute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Yulin Peng, Jacob Yashphe, Joseph Davis
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Publication number: 20010006795Abstract: The present invention provides a biological system for expanding the dethiazolidine ring of penicillins into the dehydrothiazine ring of cephalosporins or cephalosporin precursors. In particular, the invention defines reaction conditions under which expandase enzyme can convert penicillin substrates other than penicillin N into cephalosporins. The invention therefore provides a relatively inexpensive, uncomplicated, and environmentally friendly biological system for cephalosporin production from penicillins, which system can replace the synthetic chemical approaches currently utilized. In particular, the invention provides a system for producing DOAG and/or DAG, which can be enzymatically converted into 7-ADCA and 7-ADAC, which, in turn, can be enzymatically or chemically converted into valuable cephalosporins of commerce.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 22, 1999Publication date: July 5, 2001Inventors: ARNOLD L. DEMAIN, HIROSHI CHO, JACQUELINE M. PIRET, JOSE L. ADRIO, MARIA-JOSEFA E. FERNANDEZ, MARCO A. BAEZ-VASQUEZ, GILBERTO HINTERMANN
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Patent number: 5942423Abstract: A method for converting compactin to pravastatin is described. Compactin is provided and contacted with an agent derived from Actinomadura under conditions in which the agent converts compactin to pravastatin. Also described are an Actinomadura strain, an Actinomadura cell free extract, an Actinomadura hydroxylase, and a method for lowering cholesterol levels in mammals.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: August 24, 1999Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Yulin Peng, Jacob Yashphe, Joseph Davis
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Patent number: 4540664Abstract: A method of saccharifying cellulose by incubation with the cellulase of Clostridium thermocellum in a broth containing an efficacious amount of a reducing agent. Other incubation parameters which may be advantageously controlled to stimulate saccharification include the concentration of alkaline earth salts, pH, temperature, and duration. By the method of the invention, even native crystalline cellulose such as that found in cotton may be completely saccharified.Type: GrantFiled: May 13, 1983Date of Patent: September 10, 1985Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventors: Eric A. Johnson, Arnold L. Demain, Ashwin Madia
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Patent number: 4307192Abstract: A cell-free process for converting isopenicillin N, .delta.-(L-.alpha.-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (hereinafter "LLD") and 6-substituted derivatives thereof to deacetoxycephalosporin C (DACPC) by the following reaction sequence: ##STR1## is disclosed. In addition to the starting material, the reaction system includes ATP and a fresh extract of Cephalosporium acremonium prepared and used in a manner to preserve the racemase agent or agents necessary for conversion of the isopenicillin N to penicillin N, a necessary intermediate step in the process.Type: GrantFiled: January 7, 1981Date of Patent: December 22, 1981Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Toshio Konomi, Jack E. Baldwin
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Patent number: 4248966Abstract: Isopenicillin derivatives having antimicrobial properties and a general formula of: ##STR1## where R, R.sub.1, and R.sub.2 are hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, or halogenated methyl, ethyl, propyl or isopropyl radicals and R.sub.3 is ##STR2## are produced in a cell-free system using an extract from Cephalosporium acremonium. The starting materials for the synthesis consist of tripeptides composed of unsubstituted or .beta.-substituted D-valine, unsubstituted or substituted L cysteine, and L- .alpha.-aminoadipic acid or its analogues. Certain enzymes in the cell-free extract are inactivated so that conversion does not proceed past the isopenicillin stage.Type: GrantFiled: May 17, 1979Date of Patent: February 3, 1981Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Toshio Konomi, Jack E. Baldwin
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Patent number: 4245046Abstract: Xanthan gum is produced by fermentation with the bacterium, Xanthomonas campestris NRRL B-1459, of a nutrient medium containing a sugar and a stimulatory organic acid which stimulates the production of xanthan gum. The stimulatory organic acid can be a source of pyruvic acid, alpha-keto-glutaric acid, succinic acid or mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1979Date of Patent: January 13, 1981Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Peter Souw
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Patent number: 4178210Abstract: A cephalosporin antibiotic is produced from a precursor comprising the five membered thiazolidine ring and the .beta. lactam moiety characteristics of penicillins by contacting the precursor with a cell-free extract of Cephalosporium acremonium in the presence of ATP under conditions favoring high oxygen transfer. Preferably, an ATP regeneration system comprising a phosphate donor and a phosphotransferase enzyme is included in the reaction.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1978Date of Patent: December 11, 1979Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Masanobu Kohsaka
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Patent number: 3993544Abstract: A method of making new derivatives of streptomycin by mutational biosynthesis. A mutant of Streptomyces griseus makes streptomycin production dependent on streptidine addition.A new antibiotic, deoxystreptomycin, is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1975Date of Patent: November 23, 1976Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Kozo Nagaoka
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Patent number: 3956275Abstract: A method of making new derivatives of streptomycin by mutational biosynthesis. A mutant of Streptomyces griseus makes streptomycin production dependent on streptidine addition.A new antibiotic, deoxystreptomycin, is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: January 20, 1975Date of Patent: May 11, 1976Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Arnold L. Demain, Kozo Nagaoka