Abstract: A transmission system is for generating a signal to be transmitted via one or more physical carriers to a plurality of earth station receivers of a satellite communication system. The transmission system includes encoding means arranged to convert per physical carrier a single stream of baseband frames, framing means, and modulation means. The transmission system also includes a superframe placer to attach to a single stream of baseband frames or a single stream of XFEC frames metadata indicating to the framing means when a superframe preamble needs to be inserted in a stream of IQ symbols composed in the framing means.

Abstract: An anode for batteries having a columnar nanostructured porous germanium for its active material. This nanostructured porous germanium can be produced with the novel etching method disclosed herein. Such anode can be easily mass-produced with the presented method that requires pre-existing, affordable and easy to integrate equipment. In some embodiments, the produced columnar porous germanium can be directly used as a monolithic anode after its etching nanostructuration for on-chip anodes for example, where the anisotropic nanostructured germanium acts as the active material and where the remaining bulk germanium layer act as the current collector. This can be easily implemented in lithium batteries. The cycle life of such anodes could be extended by a factor of 26 and 1.8 for high rate and high energy applications, respectively.

Abstract: An anode for batteries having a columnar nanostructured porous germanium for its active material. This nanostructured porous germanium can be produced with the novel etching method disclosed herein. Such anode can be easily mass-produced with the presented method that requires pre-existing, affordable and easy to integrate equipment. In some embodiments, the produced columnar porous germanium can be directly used as a monolithic anode after its etching nanostructuration for on-chip anodes for example, where the anisotropic nanostructured germanium acts as the active material and where the remaining bulk germanium layer act as the current collector. This can be easily implemented in lithium batteries. The cycle life of such anodes could be extended by a factor of 26 and 1.8 for high rate and high energy applications, respectively.