Abstract: Tools for inserting a spout of a flexible bag liner into fluid-tight sealing and anchoring engagement with a discharge outlet of a container and for removing the spout from the outlet. The spout has at least two seal rings, preferably each having a pair of axially spaced and radially outwardly extending lobes, for firmly frictionally engaging the container discharge outlet to provide a fluid-tight seal between the spout and outlet and to anchor the liner within the container. The tools have a collet carried by a shaft for releasably engaging the spout to apply force to the spout during operation of the tools. In one form the tools are actuated by a hydraulic or pneumatic drive and in another form the tools are manually actuated by pivotally moving a lever arm.

Abstract: A sealing spout and tools for inserting a spout of a flexible bag liner into fluid-tight sealing and anchoring engagement with a discharge outlet of a container and for removing the spout from the outlet. The spout has at least two seal rings, each having a pair of axially spaced and radially outwardly extending lobes for firmly frictionally engaging the container discharge outlet to provide a fluid-tight seal between the spout and outlet and to anchor the liner within the container. The tool has a shaft with a handle at one end for manual engagement to manipulate the tool within the container. A hydraulic or pneumatic drive is attached to the other end of the shaft for supplying force to insert or remove the spout. Carried by the drive is a collet for releasably engaging the spout to apply force to the spout during operation.

Abstract: A collapsible and reusable container for liquid and granular materials which has a cage and a generally cubical bag of a flexible material which collapses when empty. The cage has a bottom which supports the filled bag and upstanding side walls surrounding the bag which can be collapsed when the bag is empty to overlie the bottom of the cage to provide a compact package for storage and shipment prior to refilling and reuse of the container.

Abstract: A collapsible bag and method of making it from blanks of a flexible material which are cut from an elongate web substantially without wasting any material between adjacent blanks. Each blank has a circumferential continuous central portion and four substantially identical isosceles triangular portions at each end of the blank. Adjacent sides of adjacent triangular portions are connected together to provide, when the bag is expanded or filled, generally square ends which are interconnected by generally rectangular side walls. An access opening is provided in an end of the bag by terminating the connections of its triangular portions short of their apexes. Preferably, a spout is received in the access opening and connected to the triangular portions.

Abstract: A collapsible bag and method of making it from blanks of a flexible material which are cut from an elongate web substantially without wasting any material between adjacent blanks. Each blank has a circumferentially continuous central portion and four substantially identical isosceles triangular portions at each end of the blank. Adjacent sides of adjacent triangular portions are connected together to provide, when the bag is expanded or filled, generally square ends which are interconnected by generally rectangular side walls. An access opening is provided in an end of the bag by terminating the connections of its triangular portions short of their apexes. Preferably, a spout is received in the access opening and connected to the triangular portions.

Abstract: A large bulk bag formed from a tubular blank of woven fabric having inwardly folded gusset panels along opposite side edges. While in the flattened condition, the blank is sewn along predetermined stitch lines and severed at predetermined portions so that, when the stitched and severed blank is expanded, it forms a bag of rectangular cross section having a closable spout at one or both ends. If a liner is to be used in the bag, the liner is formed from a gussetted tubular blank and sealed and severed along lines corresponding to the stitch severing lines on the bag so that the flat liner can be inserted into the flattened bag with the gussetted portions of the bag and liner interfitting in interleaved relation and the spout on the liner extending through the spout on the bag.

Abstract: A large bulk bag is provided with a flexible tubular spout at its lower end. A valved casing is detachably suspended from the lower end of the bag beneath and in alignment with the bag's spout. The bag spout, when opened, is designed to extend into the valved casing and, thus, permit the contents of the bag to be discharged in desired metered amounts.

Abstract: A length of woven plastic fabric in tubular form is advanced from a source of supply while telescoped over a separator plate which maintains the two plies of the tubular stock in separated relation. A heated knife blade aligned vertically with the downstream end of the separator plate is reciprocated vertically to sever the tube stock into bag blanks. The severed edges on the upstream side of the heated knife remain separated rather than being heat sealed together by the heated blade. The severed blank is impaled on needles mounted on an endless chain which conveys the blanks laterally through a sewing machine and/or a sealing mechanism for securely closing one end of the blanks. Thereafter successive blanks are conveyed to a stacking device which disengages the blanks from the needle chain and stacks them horizontally one upon another.

Abstract: The rotary heat cutter comprises a heating element adapted to be rotated into engagement with a taut section of plastic web to sever the web transversely while the web is traveling in a straight path. Means are provided for constraining the heating element to move at the same speed as the plastic web when the heating element engages the web.

Abstract: A collapsible drum-type container is formed by scoring lines on a generally rectangular blank of fiberboard or the like so that the blank can be initially folded along one score line into two flat overlying panels. The longitudinal free edges of the panels are sealed together to form a flattened tube. The flattened tube is then opened and refolded along other score lines to provide a flat envelope having an upper open end and a closed lower end defined by an inwardly folded gusset panel between the two side walls of the refolded flattened tube.

Abstract: A bag of the type having a side and a closed end which adjoin at corner portions which are turned inwardly to form a valve opening. The bag is made of a thermoplastic material, and a flap of thermoplastic material is secured around the interior of the valve opening by heat sealing. The heat sealed regions are arranged to form, in addition to the valve opening, a vent passageway system for quickly venting air from the bag during and immediately subsequent to filling. The flap is relatively flexible and projects into the bag beyond the valve opening to effectively close the valve opening and prevent loss of contents after the bag has been filled. In one form, the flap is formed with a cuff which projects exteriorly of the valve opening and has interior surfaces heat sealable to provide a moistureproof closure for the opening.