Abstract: A shaking table for laboratory use for agitating liquid in flasks has at least one direct electromagnetic drive, for example, opposed pairs of electromagnets (14, 15) arranged orthogonally. A control device may control pulse frequency and amplitude to the electromagnets to produce different shaking modes. A plurality of drive members connected to an articulation mechanism are movable by the electromagnets, the articulation mechanism being mounted to the table. The table is mounted to a base by a plurality of flexible posts.

Abstract: An automobile body is prepared for painting by suspending it roof uppermost from movable conveyor means and moving it first past spraying means which sprays the body at high energy with a phosphate solution so as to initiate a fine crystalline deposit growth on the exposed body panels. The body is then moved roof uppermost into and along a tank containing a flowing stream of phosphate solution, in which it is immersed to a level about that of the window openings. During this movement, a static head of phosphate solution is created in the body so as to generate a flow of the solution from the interior to the outside of the body by flooding the solution under pressure through the window openings. Crystalline deposit growth over the unimmersed upper portion of the body is sustained by spraying the upper portion with phosphate solution.