Abstract: Apparatus for testing and/or exercising the rotary neck muscles which are used to twist or turn the neck from side-to-side about a generally vertical pivot axis passing through the cervical vertebrae. The head is held by and between a pair of pads mounted on a rotatable frame fixed to a movement arm in the form of a vertical pivot shaft rotatable about the pivot axis. The movement arm is connectable to a resistance weight stack to oppose pivotal movement of the movement arm in one direction. During exercise, the subject is seated against a backrest with a front pad assembly immobilizing the chest and shoulder areas of the subject. Additionally, the head pads prevent forward and rearward movement of the neck in extension and flexion so that only the rotary torsion muscles of the neck are exercised. The front pad assembly includes a frame holding a plurality of pads for movement into and out of an operative position in which the pads engage the chest and shoulder areas.

Abstract: Apparatus for exercising or testing the rotary torso muscles in whch the chest and shoulder area of the subject is secured against movement while the pelvis is also secured against movement to isolate the rotary torso muscles for testing or exercise. The subject while so secured and seated exerts a force with the rotary torso muscles to rotate a movement arm about a vertical axis against a resistance suitably chosen from a weight stack to be less than the maximum static strength of said muscles. The subject then returns to the starting position and repeats the exercise until the rotary torso muscles can no longer rotate the movement arm. The subject's static strength is measured by fixing the movement arm in several different angular positions and measuring the force exerted by said muscles on the movement arm in each of said positions.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of the present invention fix the legs of a seated human body with the knees bent and the thighs including the femurs extending downwardly and rearwardly with the rear of the pelvis engaged against a pelvic pad located above the rear of the seat on which the body is seated. Forward movement of the legs is restrained by footrests receiving the feet of the body while upward movement of the legs and thighs is prevented by a pad extending across the top of the thighs. Because of the orientation and fixation of the femurs which are connected to the pelvis, the pelvis cannot rotate or pivot and nor can the legs due to their restraint by the thigh pads and footrests. In the apparatus disclosed, the thigh pad is fixed to a pivot arm pivotable in a plane between the legs, and the pad and its pivot arm are held in operative position due to the inclination of the thighs and the restraint of the legs.

Abstract: A machine for exercising or testing the lumbar muscles of the human body. The machine has a movement arm pivotable about a horizontal axis through forces exerted by said muscles while the subject is seated with his pelvis restrained against movement and with his back engaging a resistance pad. The rear of the pelvis engages a pelvic pad which is movable to detect any unwanted movement of the pelvis during the exercise. The resistance pad is movable relative to the movement arm to enable measurement of the effective lever arm of the moment applied to the movement arm by the subject. On one side of the movement arm is a mechanism for connecting the movement arm to a weight stack to impose a predetermined yieldable resistance to the movement arm. On the other side of the movement arm is an adjustable counterweight mechanism which may be releasably connected to the movement arm to counterbalance the subject's torso mass.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for exercising or testing the rotary torso muscles in which the chest and shoulder area of the subject is secured against movement while the pelvis is also secured against movement to isolate the rotary torso muscles for testing or exercise. The subject while so secured and seated exerts a force with the rotary torso muscles to rotate a movement arm about a vertical axis against a resistance suitably chosen from a weight stack to be less than the maximum static strength of said muscles. The subject then returns to the starting position and repeats the exercise until the rotary torso muscles can no longer rotate the movement arm. The subject's static strength is measured by fixing the movement arm in several different angular positions and measuring the force exerted by said muscles on the movement arm in each of said positions.

Abstract: Apparatus for exercising and/or testing the cervical muscles of the neck wherein a seated person is secured against a backrest to isolate movement of his head and neck from the remainder of his body. For exercising the cervical muscles between opposite positions of full extension and flexion, the muscles are used to move the head rearwardly against a pivotable movement arm to move the latter against a yieldable resistance weight connected to the movement arm to bias the movement arm in one direction. The head is then moved forwardly and the process is repeated until the movement arm can no longer be moved by said muscles. The number of repetitions is measured and recorded throughout the exercise.

Abstract: Method for testing and/or exercising the rotary neck muscles which are used to twist or turn the neck from side-to-side about a generally vertical pivot axis passing through the cervical vertebrae. The head is held by and between a pair of pads mounted on a rotatable frame fixed to a movement arm in the form of a vertical pivot shaft rotatable about the pivot axis. The movement arm is connectable to a resistance weight stack to oppose pivotal movement of the movement arm in one direction. During exercise, the subject is seated against a backrest with a front pad assembly immobilizing the chest and shoulder areas of the subject. Additionally, the head pads prevent forward and rearward movement of the neck in extension and flexion so that only the rotary torsion muscles of the neck are exercised.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for exercising or testing the strength of muscles in the lower trunk of the human body. The patient or exerciser is seated with his pelvis and legs fixed against movement and with his head, arms and upper back fixed relative to a movement arm which extends above the seat and is mounted for pivotal movement relative to the seat about a horizontal axis. While the movement arm is in a predetermined position, the patient applies a force through the upper back to the movement arm to stress the muscles of the lower trunk, and the strength of these muscles is measured. To exercise these muscles, the movement arm is moved by a force exerted by the upper back against a bias of a resistance weight to lift the weight, and then the force is released to lower the weight and the process is repeated. A compound weight system is employed to allow precise weight adjustment to suit the strength of the exerciser.

Abstract: A machine for exercising or testing the lumbar muscles of the human body. The machine has a movement arm pivotable about a horizontal axis through forces exerted by said muscles while the subject is seated with his pelvis restrained against movement and with his back engaging a resistance pad. The rear of the pelvis engages a pelvic pad which is movable to detect any unwanted movement of the pelvis during the exercise. The resistance pad is movable relative to the movement arm to enable measurement of the effective lever arm of the moment applied to the movement arm by the subject. On one side of the movement arm is a mechanism for connecting the movement arm to a weight stack to impose a predetermined yieldable resistance to the movement arm. This mechanism also is adjustable to vary the range of movement of the movement arm during exercise or to place the movement arm into various angular fixed positions for testing the static strength of the muscles at those positions.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for exercising or testing the strength of muscles in the lower trunk of the human body. The patient or exerciser is seated with his pelvis and legs fixed against movement and with his head, arms and upper back fixed relative to a movement arm which extends above the seat and is mounted for pivotal movement relative to the seat about a horizontal axis. While the movement arm is in a predetermined position, the patient applies a force through the upper back to the movement arm to stress the muscles of the lower trunk, and the strength of these muscles is measured. To exercise these muscles, the movement arm is moved by a force exerted by the upper back against a bias of a resistance weight to lift the weight, and then the force is released to lower the weight and the process is repeated. A compound weight system is employed to allow precise weight adjustment to suit the strength of the exerciser.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for exercising or testing the strength of muscles in the lower trunk of the human body. The patient or exerciser is seated with his pelvis and legs fixed against movement and with his head, arms and upper back fixed relative to a movement arm which extends above the seat and is mounted for pivotal movement relative to the seat about a horizontal axis. While the movement arm is in a predetermined position, the patient applies a force through the upper back to the movement arm to stress the muscles of the lower trunk, and the strength of these muscles is measured. To exercise these muscles, the movement arm is moved by a force exerted by the upper back against a bias of a resistance weight to lift the weight, and then the force is released to lower the weight and the process is repeated. A compound weight system is employed to allow precise weight adjustment to suit the strength of the exerciser.

Abstract: A compound weight system for use in exercising, or testing the human body includes upper and lower groups of weights normally resting on fixed supports, the weights in each group being, in the preferred embodiment, plates stacked one above the other and with the plates in one group having a different weight than the plates in the other group. Extending vertically through the weights for slidable movement relative to the weights is a connecting rod adapted to be connected at its upper end to a cable or chain which, in turn, may be connected to an exercise or testing device. In the preferred embodiment, the connecting rod has a series of apertures spaced along the length thereof and first and second keys are provided for selectively interconnecting any number of the weights of the first and second groups to the connecting rod such that the connected weights will move with the connecting rod in response to movement of the exercise machine.

Abstract: This machine includes a seat for supporting the user in substantially an upright position with the seat being mounted on a generally A-shaped frame assembly. An inverted U-shaped lever is provided with a padded roller on one end thereof. The padded roller is adapted to engage the back of the user at a position substantially in alignment with the shoulder blades and the other end of the lever is pivotally supported at a position in substantial alignment with the waist of the user. The other end of the user-actuated lever is operatively connected to a resistance applying device.

Abstract: This exercising machine is particularly adapted for execising the abdominal muscles of the user and is of a relatively lightweight construction adaptable for home use. The machine includes an exercising lever supported for pivotal movement in an arcuate path during each exercising movement and a resistance force is provided in the form of elongate resilient members. Variable numbers of the elongate resilient members are selectively connectable to the exercising lever for varying the amount of resistance force being applied to the exercising lever when it is moved by the user. A variable radius cam is interposed between the resistance force and the exercising lever so that the amount of resistance force required to move the exercising lever is varied throughout the various positions of the pivotal arc of movement of the exercising lever.

Abstract: A mooring buoy including an upwardly mast made of two sections with a spring therebetween, a large ring on a top of the upper section, and the spring permitting the upper section to be tilted over sidewardly.

Abstract: The machine disclosed is for particular use in the duo-squat exercising of the legs and provides the proper variation of resistance to movement in all positions when the legs are being moved between the extended and retracted positions and vice versa. The machine includes a negative profile cam to which the force is applied by the user and the negative profile cam has a different length radius (moment arm) at different degrees of rotation. A weight stack is supported by a flexible member reeved over a wheel which has a radius of uniform length and being fixed to rotate with the negative profile cam. The length of the longest radius of the negative profile cam is less than the length of the uniform radius of the wheel so that the amount of force applied by the user is greater than the amount of weight provided by the weight stack.

Abstract: This machine includes a saddle-type seat for supporting the user in substantially an upright position with the legs being maintained in position during use of the machine. A user-actuated lever is provided with a padded roller on one end thereof. The padded roller is adapted to engage the back of the user at a position substantially in alignment with the shoulder blades and the other end of the lever is pivotally supported at a position in substantial alignment with the waist of the user. The other end of the user-actuated lever is operatively connected to weights. The connection between the user-actuated lever and the weights includes a variable radius cam for providing a variable resistance force to lifting and lowering the weights with corresponding movement of the user between a first position with the spine in a forwardly bent position and a second position with the spine in a substantially straight position to provide a full range exercising of the muscles associated with the lower back of the user.

Abstract: An exercising apparatus and method incorporating an open loop system which monitors the activity of an exercising person and directs such activity by displaying the correlation of such activity with a programmed regimen. The apparatus is engaged by body portions of the exercising person operating the apparatus and preferably guides the person in "full range" exercise while monitoring and displaying a representation of work performed during exercising movement. Specific arrangements for using force exerted by one body portion to provide resistance to be overcome by another body portion are shown and described, as is an arrangement for monitoring the use of a number of apparatus so as to monitor a full physiological development program.

Abstract: Exercising apparatus comprising in combination an elongate housing with a first surface having a first slot adjacent one end thereof and a second slot adjacent the opposite end thereof; first and second pulleys rotatably supported between opposite sides of the housing and extending out of the first and second slots, respectively; a rope having first and second ends and first and second intermediate portions; first and second handles secured to the first and second ends of the rope, respectively; a clamping device operably associated with the rope for selectively extending or reducing the effective length of the rope; and a loop forming member for securing the first end of the rope around the first handle, the loop forming member having structure readily enabling selective expansion and contraction of the loop to position and secure the first end of the rope at any one of several desired locations on the first handle.

Abstract: A process for preparing substituted triazines. The process involves the reaction of cyanuric chloride with a polyhaloaniline under superatmospheric pressure.