Abstract: An energy management system (EMS) for an aircraft is provided. The aircraft may have one of a plurality of propulsion systems such as a parallel hybrid electric propulsion system, a parallel turbo electric propulsion system, an electric propulsion system, a turbo electric propulsion system and a turbo hybrid electric propulsion system. The EMS comprises redundant control paths for controlling safety critical operation. Each redundant control path is configured to independently determine whether to electrically isolate a line replaceable unit (LRU) from a high voltage DC link (HVDC link) based on status information from the LRU. The isolation is based on the independent determination. The HVDC link is used for propulsion. The number of the redundant control paths and components may be depending on the type of the propulsion system.

Abstract: A system for controlling load sharing between multiple generators mechanically coupleable to the output shaft of a prime mover is provided. The system may comprise a first processor; and at least two inverters operably connectable to at least two generators, respectively. The generators provide AC power to the respective inverter and each inverter provides DC power to a respective DC link. Each inverter may comprise a processor configured to control a respective generator. The processor may be configured to receive a common speed command from the first processor, adjust the common speed command based on a speed of the same output shaft to create a droop, determine a torque command based on the adjusted speed command and supply the determined torque command to the corresponding generator.

Abstract: A rotor hub assembly includes a rotor hub, a rotor and a cooling sleeve surrounding the rotor hub and located between the rotor hub and the rotor. Coolant flows between the rotor hub and the rotor during spinning of the rotor hub assembly. The cooling sleeve may include channels formed in the inner surface. The rotor hub may include an annular channel in fluid communication with the cooling sleeve channels. The annular channel may include apertures such that the cavities in the rotor hub are in fluid communication with the cooling sleeve. Coolant circulating within the rotor hub enters the annular channel and the channels in the cooling sleeve from centrifugal force caused by spinning of the rotor hub assembly.

Abstract: A fault detection system for a system having a single DC input and a plurality of A/C loads such as an electric or hybrid electric vehicle. A plurality of inverters convert DC to 3-phase A/C and supply A/C power to a corresponding individual A/C load. Each inverter includes a common mode current transformer and a controller. An individual corresponding common mode current transformer is coupled to the 3-phase A/C output of the inverter. An individual corresponding controller is coupled to the output of an individual corresponding common mode current transformer and is coupled to an individual corresponding A/C load. Each controller is configured to detect a fault at the individual corresponding A/C load and in the case of detection of a fault at an individual corresponding A/C load, the corresponding controller disables the A/C load.

Abstract: A vehicle battery thermal management system and method providing active internal air cooling includes a heat exchanger mounted within an exterior wall of the battery enclosure. The heat exchanger has a first set of heat exchanger elements extending externally to the battery enclosure and in fluid communication with external ambient air. The heat exchanger has a second set of heat exchanger elements extending internally to the battery enclosure and in fluid communication with internal air within the battery enclosure. The system includes at least one of an external damper door and an internal damper door. The external damper door is configured to control the flow of the external ambient air into the first set of heat exchanger elements. The internal damper door is configured to control the flow of the internal air into the first set of heat exchanger elements.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing a likelihood that an engine exceeds its torque or power limit at a specific speed are provided. Also provided are systems and methods for reducing a likelihood that DC-DC converters and AC inverters overload a generator at a specific speed.

Abstract: A vehicle battery thermal management system and method providing active internal air cooling includes a heat exchanger mounted within an exterior wall of the battery enclosure. The heat exchanger has a first set of heat exchanger elements extending externally to the battery enclosure and in fluid communication with external ambient air. The heat exchanger has a second set of heat exchanger elements extending internally to the battery enclosure and in fluid communication with internal air within the battery enclosure. The system includes at least one of an external damper door and an internal damper door. The external damper door is configured to control the flow of the external ambient air into the first set of heat exchanger elements. The internal damper door is configured to control the flow of the internal air into the first set of heat exchanger elements.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing a likelihood that an engine exceeds its torque or power limit at a specific speed are provided. Also provided are systems and methods for reducing a likelihood that DC-DC converters and AC inverters overload a generator at a specific speed.

Abstract: Controllers, method and programs for controlling machines are provided. For example, A method comprises determining a resistance value for a loss compensation resistor, updating at least one control equation based on an equivalent circuit using the resistance value and controlling the machine based on the updated at least one control equation. The resistance value represents a plurality of electro-magnetic losses of a machine. The resistance value can be determined from an inverse resistance value.

Abstract: In one aspect, a system for torsional damping of electric traction drives comprises dual Kalman filters to correct for oscillations based on measured traction motor speed and commanded traction motor torque. A first Kalman filter can perform a state space estimate of the shaft torque providing negative feedback to the final torque command in order to eliminate resonant components from the commanded torque and quickly damp external disturbances. A second Kalman filter provides a state space estimation of the load torque or, equivalently, load acceleration. This second Kalman filter can ignore commanded torque and can provide a damping feedback when the wheel speed deviates from the vehicle speed.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer readable storage devices for a four quadrant voltage limiter that limits a commanded phase voltage to within a volt second capability of an inverter by maintaining a rotor flux and folding back a torque under both motoring and regeneration torque commands. In one embodiment: (a) in a motoring operation, an upper limit for a q-axis voltage is enforced; and (b) in a regeneration operation a lower limit for the q-axis voltage is enforced.

Abstract: Controllers, method and programs for controlling machines are provided. For example, A method comprises determining a resistance value for a loss compensation resistor, updating at least one control equation based on an equivalent circuit using the resistance value and controlling the machine based on the updated at least one control equation. The resistance value represents a plurality of electro-magnetic losses of a machine. The resistance value can be determined from an inverse resistance value.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer readable storage devices for a four quadrant voltage limiter that limits a commanded phase voltage to within a volt second capability of an inverter by maintaining a rotor flux and folding back a torque under both motoring and regeneration torque commands. In one embodiment: (a) in a motoring operation, an upper limit for a q-axis voltage is enforced; and (b) in a regeneration operation a lower limit for the q-axis voltage is enforced.

Abstract: In one aspect, a system for torsional damping of electric traction drives comprises dual Kalman filters to correct for oscillations based on measured traction motor speed and commanded traction motor torque. A first Kalman filter can perform a state space estimate of the shaft torque providing negative feedback to the final torque command in order to eliminate resonant components from the commanded torque and quickly damp external disturbances. A second Kalman filter provides a state space estimation of the load torque or, equivalently, load acceleration. This second Kalman filter can ignore commanded torque and can provide a damping feedback when the wheel speed deviates from the vehicle speed.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention relate to an input output balanced bidirectional buck-boost converter and associated system and method. In one example, a DC/DC bidirectional buck-boost power converter has both input and output voltages centered around chassis. This converter allows for overlapping input and output voltages, and allows for use of offset based leakage fault detection.

Abstract: A transmission drive system (TDS) has two AC induction traction motors, each operatively coupled to two semi-independent coaxial traction shafts, and two AC induction steer motors coaxially mounted on a common steer axis parallel to the coaxial traction shafts. A steering gear assembly, preferably between the traction and steering motors, has a common steer input shaft operatively connected to the two AC induction steering motors. Two planetary gear sets have the two traction shafts being operatively connected with one of a two planet gear carriers, or two ring gears, respectively. The other of the planet gear carriers or the ring gears are operatively connected with each other. Two offset gears mounted to the steer input shaft and meshing with two sun gears, respectively, including a reversing idler gear interposed between one of the two offset gears and one of the two sun gears.