Abstract: A dry powder nicotine formulation suitable for inhalation is described. The formulation includes nicotine particles, wherein the nicotine particles are substantially in the range of about 1-10 micron in size, preferably 2-5 micron in size. The formulation may also include a cough suppressant component having particles in the 5-100 micron size range. The formulation may also include a cough suppressant component having particles in the 10-200 micron size range. The formulation may also include a flavor component having particles in the 10-1000 micron size range.

Abstract: Improved formulations for detecting asthma are disclosed. The formulations comprise methacholine or histamine in a dry particulate form wherein the particles are of a respirable size, preferably 2 &mgr;m to 5 &mgr;m. The dry formulations can be inhaled directly from an inhaler and can be used to detect airway narrowing which is diagnostic of asthma.

Abstract: An inhaler for use by an individual to inhale a particulate medicament from a reservoir comprises a chamber having a first end connectable to the reservoir to be in air flow communication therewith, a second end for delivering the medicament to the individual upon inhalation and a conduit defining an air flow path extending between the first end and the second end; and, an orifice in the chamber between the first end and the second end, the orifice utilizing the Coanda Effect when the reservoir is in air flow communication with the chamber and upon inhalation by the individual to draw medicament from the reservoir into the air flow path.

Abstract: A method of assisting a person to withdraw from cigarette induced nicotine dependency, comprising introducing a predetermined dose of a non-pressurized, particulate medicament comprising at least one nicotine formulation suitable for absorption into the bloodstream of the person through the alveoli and small airways of the person's lungs into a breath activated inhaler for use by said person as a cigarette substitute. A breath activated inhaler which may be used in accordance with this method is also disclosed.