Abstract: A lightweight, small footprint, composite extraction pen, for the delivery of dental filling composite from commercially available composite filled carpules. An electric linear actuator is housed in a slender, pen-like housing configured to accept, constrain and allow the rotational positioning of commercially available composite filled carpules. The carpules are contained within an adaptor that connects to the body of the pen. The linear actuator extends and retracts a piston through a bore in the carpule so as to exert pressure on the composite contained therein. The pen provides precise composite delivery while maintaining a highly visible dental environment.

Abstract: A lightweight, small footprint, composite extraction pen, for the delivery of dental filling composite from commercially available composite filled carpules. An electric linear actuator is housed in a slender, pen-like housing configured to accept, constrain and allow the rotational positioning of commercially available composite filled carpules. The carpules are contained within an adaptor that connects to the body of the pen. The linear actuator extends and retracts a piston through a bore in the carpule so as to exert pressure on the composite contained therein. The pen provides precise composite delivery while maintaining a highly visible dental environment.

Abstract: Claimed is a process for producing a phosphorus-containing ligand, preferably a diphosphite ligand structure (DLS) such as structure I. The method includes contacting a phosphorochloridite (structure II) with a compound having the structure X—OH (which can be a bisaryl compound), and a tertiary organic amine to provide structure I? and as preferred embodiment structure I.

Abstract: Claimed is a process for producing a phosphorus-containing ligand, preferably a diphosphite ligand structure (DLS) such as structure I. The method includes contacting a phosphorochloridite (structure II) with a compound having the structure X—OH (which can be a bisaryl compound), and a tertiary organic amine to provide structure I? and as preferred embodiment structure I.

Abstract: A torsional hinged mirror assembly having a hinge plate having a central portion and a pair of torsional hinges extending outwardly in opposite directions from the central portion along a first axis and a first pair of support spines extending from the central portion in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first axis. A mirror plate is attached to the hinge plate and has a reflecting side and a back side, a second pair of support spines located along a perimeter of the back side and extending generally in the second direction, wherein the first pair of support spines on the hinge plate and the second pair of support pines on the mirror plate are aligned and the back side of the mirror plate being attached to the hinge plate.

Abstract: A torsional hinged resonant device having an improved anchor support for providing inertia drive. The area by the anchors connecting the torsional hinges to the support member are thinned to have a reduced cross section. The reduced or thinned area increases flexibility such that less force is required to generate a desired angular rotation.

Abstract: A method of adjusting the resonant frequency of a torsional hinged device such as a resonant mirror is disclosed. A material such as printer ink, epoxy, or solder balls is applied to the tips of the torsional hinged device to lower the frequency into a selected frequency range.

Abstract: A method for maintaining the amplitude of oscillations of a mirror system comprising a high-Q resonant mirror driven by a high speed drive signal. Sensors monitor the sweep amplitude of the high-Q resonant mirror and a parameter of the drive signal is adjusted to maintain the sweep amplitude of the mirror at a constant value. According to one embodiment, the frequency of the drive signal is adjusted to more closely track the resonant frequency of the mirror, and according to another embodiment, the amplitude of the drive signal is increased to increase the amplitude of the sweep motion of the mirror. According to a third embodiment, the sweep amplitude may be maintained by adjusting both the drive signal amplitude and the drive signal frequency.

Abstract: A torsional hinged mirror structure having back-to-back reflective surfaces and suitable for use in a laser printer imaging system is disclosed. There is also disclosed an optical layer and a support structure that does not interfere with either of the two incident light beams as the two reflected beam sweeps.

Abstract: A multilevel mirror plate suitable for use with a torsional hinged mirror assembly is laser milled to provide a more effective truss structure in less time and at a reduced cost.

Abstract: A MEMS scanning system having a MEMS micro-mirror, the device having at least torsional hinge augmented by an applied elastomer element for the damping of excess ringing, and a method of making such a system. The scanning system may be an integral part of, for example, a high-speed optical communication network. In such a system, the MEMS micro-mirror device includes a micro-mirror layer, for example of silicon, from which the hinged micro-mirror is defined. After the torsional hinges are formed, the elastomer is applied and, if necessary, cured. The hinge structure itself may be configured in such a manner as to increase the efficacy of the augmenting elastomer.

Abstract: A method of adjusting the resonant frequency of a torsional hinged device such as a resonant mirror is disclosed. Material is removed from selected portions (such as for example the tips) of the torsional hinged device to raise the frequency of said device into a selected frequency range.

Abstract: Method and structure for mounting a torsional hinged device, such as a mirror, having a first TCE (thermal coefficient of expansion) on a substrate having a second TCE different than said first TCE. The structure comprising a plurality of compliant support posts between the substrate and the torsional hinged device that deform when the contraction and/or expansion of the torsional hinged device is different than the corresponding contraction and expansion of the substrate.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for providing both a high-speed drive signal for generating and monitoring the scanning sweep of a laser beam and a low speed signal for moving the scanning beam sweep orthogonally and monitoring the orthogonal movement. The apparatus and method uses a single pair of conductors for carrying both the high speed and low speed signals thereby reducing the number of conductors and connectors.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single torsional hinge device, such as a mirror, adapted for use as a pivoting mirror and preferably a pivoting mirror oscillating at a resonant frequency about the single hinge. The single torsional hinge mirror reduces or substantially eliminates stresses on the torsional hinge mirrors caused by mismatched mounting levels of the support structure and/or differences of the coefficient and thermal expansion of materials in the mirror and support structures. The mirror may include a single layer of silicon having a reflective surface or may be a multilayered mirror wherein silicon is used for the torsional hinges and support and silicon or other materials may be used as the reflecting surface.

Abstract: System and method for adjusting an operational parameter of a component that drifts with temperature changes. The system includes a torsional hinged device that oscillates at a resonant frequency, and the resonant frequency of the device drifts or varies with temperature. Differences of a selected parameter between a drive signal and the actual selected parameter are monitored to determine changes in the resonant frequency. An output signal representative of change in the resonant frequency is used to adjust another component that also has a parameter that varies with temperature changes. The adjustment compensates for the temperature drift.

Abstract: System and method for operating four resonant torsional hinged mirrors such as torsional hinged MEMS devices at the same oscillating frequency suitable for use in a color printer requiring four serially arranged line printers.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for removing jitter and stabilizing the feed back system of a torsional hinged device with minimal changes to the system. The stabilization is accomplished by spatially isolating the pivoting mirror structure from all drive, support and packaging structures to reduce air drag. The mirror structures may be further stabilized by tailoring the drive mechanism and the position of the mechanism to produce substantially pure rotational drive torque on the mirror.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for removing jitter and stabilizing the feed back system of a torsional hinged device with minimal changes to the system. The stabilization is accomplished by introducing a selected amount of lateral motion (in addition to the rotational motion) by creating asymmetry in the oscillating device or the drive torque applied to the device.