Abstract: A capacitance device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a capacitor disposed on the semiconductor substrate and including first and second positive terminals and first and second negative terminals; a passivation layer formed over the capacitor, the first and second positive terminals and the first and second negative terminals, the passivation layer defining first and second openings over the first and second positive terminals, respectively, a third opening over the first negative terminal and a fourth opening over the second negative terminal; a first metallic bump disposed on the passivation layer and including first extending portions that extend through each of the first and second openings, electrically coupling the first and second positive terminals; and a second metallic bump disposed on the passivation layer and including second extending portions that extend through each of the third and fourth openings, electrically coupling the first and second negative terminals.

Abstract: An electronic package comprises an integrated circuit (IC) configured to receive a power input signal and to deliver a regulated power output signal. A multilayer electrical routing structure is attached to the IC and is configured to couple the electronic package to an external circuit. The multilayer routing structure has one or more electrical conductors on each of at least two layers which are configured to route the power input signal from the external circuit to the IC and to route the regulated power output signal from the IC to the external circuit. The one or more electrical conductors form an integrated inductive device having a respective portion disposed on each of the at least two layers and the power output signal is coupled to the external circuit through the integrated inductive device.

Abstract: An electronic package comprises an integrated circuit (IC) configured to receive a power input signal and to deliver a regulated power output signal. A multilayer electrical routing structure is attached to the IC and is configured to couple the electronic package to an external circuit. The multilayer routing structure has one or more electrical conductors on each of at least two layers which are configured to route the power input signal from the external circuit to the IC and to route the regulated power output signal from the IC to the external circuit. The one or more electrical conductors form an integrated inductive device having a respective portion disposed on each of the at least two layers and the power output signal is coupled to the external circuit through the integrated inductive device.

Abstract: An electronic system includes a circuit board including a power plane. An integrated circuit (e.g., processor) is attached to a first side of the circuit board and is arranged to receive power from the power plane. A plurality of DC-to-DC converters are attached to a second side of the circuit board and are arranged to transfer power to the power plane. Each DC-to-DC converter includes a respective voltage sense input that is electrically connected to a separate location on the power plane. A telemetry circuit is coupled to each of the plurality of DC-to-DC converters and is configured to detect a quantity of power transferred to the common power plane from each of the plurality of power conversion devices.

Abstract: A capacitance device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a capacitor disposed on the semiconductor substrate and including first and second positive terminals and first and second negative terminals; a passivation layer formed over the capacitor, the first and second positive terminals and the first and second negative terminals, the passivation layer defining first and second openings over the first and second positive terminals, respectively, a third opening over the first negative terminal and a fourth opening over the second negative terminal; a first metallic bump disposed on the passivation layer and including first extending portions that extend through each of the first and second openings, electrically coupling the first and second positive terminals; and a second metallic bump disposed on the passivation layer and including second extending portions that extend through each of the third and fourth openings, electrically coupling the first and second negative terminals.

Abstract: A method for controlling a switching circuit including an input port electrically coupled to a photovoltaic device and an output port electrically coupled to a load includes (1) entering a voltage limiting operating mode and (2) in the voltage limiting operating mode (i) causing a control switching device of the switching circuit to repeatedly switch between its conductive and non-conductive states in a manner which limits magnitude of an output voltage to a maximum voltage value, the output voltage being a voltage across the output port, and (ii) varying the maximum voltage value as a function of magnitude of an output current, the output current being a current flowing through the output port.

Abstract: An electronic package comprises an integrated circuit (IC) configured to receive a power input signal and to deliver a regulated power output signal. A multilayer electrical routing structure is attached to the IC and is configured to couple the electronic package to an external circuit. The multilayer routing structure has one or more electrical conductors on each of at least two layers which are configured to route the power input signal from the external circuit to the IC and to route the regulated power output signal from the IC to the external circuit. The one or more electrical conductors form an integrated inductive device having a respective portion disposed on each of the at least two layers and the power output signal is coupled to the external circuit through the integrated inductive device.

Abstract: A desalination device includes a sealed desalination chamber with two compartments, an evaporator space that contains saline water, and a condenser space that contains fresh water, a saline water distribution mechanism that directs the saline water into the evaporator space, a vapor compressor that directs a stream of pressurized freshwater vapor into the condenser space, and an integrated regenerative boundary between the evaporator space and the condenser space that has two sides, an evaporation surface and a condensation surface, enabling the pressurized freshwater vapor to condense on the condensation surface to generate freshwater, and where the latent heat of the condensation process transfers across the integrated regenerative boundary into the evaporator space and evaporates a portion of the saline water to produce freshwater vapor.

Abstract: A maximum power point tracking controller includes an input port for electrically coupling to an electric power source, an output port for electrically coupling to a load, a control switching device, and a control subsystem. The control switching device is adapted to repeatedly switch between its conductive and non-conductive states to transfer power from the input port to the output port. The control subsystem is adapted to control switching of the control switching device to regulate a voltage across the input port, based at least in part on a signal representing current flowing out of the output port, to maximize a signal representing power out of the output port.

Abstract: A desalination device includes a sealed desalination chamber with two compartments, an evaporator space that contains saline water, and a condenser space that contains fresh water, a saline water distribution mechanism that directs the saline water into the evaporator space, a vapor compressor that directs a stream of pressurized freshwater vapor into the condenser space, and an integrated regenerative boundary between the evaporator space and the condenser space that has two sides, an evaporation surface and a condensation surface, enabling the pressurized freshwater vapor to condense on the condensation surface to generate freshwater, and where the latent heat of the condensation process transfers across the integrated regenerative boundary into the evaporator space and evaporates a portion of the saline water to produce freshwater vapor.

Abstract: A method for controlling a switching circuit including an input port electrically coupled to a photovoltaic device and an output port electrically coupled to a load includes (1) entering a voltage limiting operating mode and (2) in the voltage limiting operating mode (i) causing a control switching device of the switching circuit to repeatedly switch between its conductive and non-conductive states in a manner which limits magnitude of an output voltage to a maximum voltage value, the output voltage being a voltage across the output port, and (ii) varying the maximum voltage value as a function of magnitude of an output current, the output current being a current flowing through the output port.

Abstract: A method for controlling a switching circuit including an input port electrically coupled to a photovoltaic device and an output port electrically coupled to a load includes (1) entering a voltage limiting operating mode and (2) in the voltage limiting operating mode (i) causing a control switching device of the switching circuit to repeatedly switch between its conductive and non-conductive states in a manner which limits magnitude of an output voltage to a maximum voltage value, the output voltage being a voltage across the output port, and (ii) varying the maximum voltage value as a function of magnitude of an output current, the output current being a current flowing through the output port.

Abstract: A switching circuit for extracting power from an electric power source includes (1) an input port for electrically coupling to the electric power source, (2) an output port for electrically coupling to a load, (3) a first switching device configured to switch between its conductive state and its non-conductive state to transfer power from the input port to the output port, (4) an intermediate switching node that transitions between at least two different voltage levels at least in part due to the first switching device switching between its conductive state and its non-conductive state, and (5) a controller for controlling the first switching device to maximize an average value of a voltage at the intermediate switching node.

Abstract: An electric power system includes N electric power sources and N switching circuits, where N is an integer greater than one. Each switching circuit includes an input port electrically coupled to a respective one of the N electric power sources, an output port, and a first switching device adapted to switch between its conductive and non-conductive states to transfer power from the input port to the output port. The output ports of the N switching circuits are electrically coupled in series and to a load to establish an output circuit. Each of the N switching circuits uses an interconnection inductance of the output circuit as a primary energy storage inductance of the switching circuit.

Abstract: An integrated circuit chip includes a first input port, a first output port, and first and second transistors electrically coupled in series across the first input port. The second transistor is also electrically coupled across the first output port and is adapted to provide a path for current flowing through the first output port when the first transistor is in its non-conductive state. The integrated circuit chip additionally includes first driver circuitry for driving gates of the first and second transistors to cause the transistors to switch between their conductive and non-conductive states. The integrated circuit chip further includes first controller circuitry for controlling the first driver circuitry such that the first and second transistors switch between their conductive and non-conductive states to at least substantially maximize an amount of electric power extracted from an electric power source electrically coupled to the first input port.

Abstract: A method for controlling a switching circuit including an input port electrically coupled to a photovoltaic device and an output port electrically coupled to a load includes (1) entering a voltage limiting operating mode and (2) in the voltage limiting operating mode (i) causing a control switching device of the switching circuit to repeatedly switch between its conductive and non-conductive states in a manner which limits magnitude of an output voltage to a maximum voltage value, the output voltage being a voltage across the output port, and (ii) varying the maximum voltage value as a function of magnitude of an output current, the output current being a current flowing through the output port.

Abstract: An electric power system includes N electric power sources and N switching circuits, where N is an integer greater than one. Each switching circuit includes an input port electrically coupled to a respective one of the N electric power sources, an output port, and a first switching device adapted to switch between its conductive and non-conductive states to transfer power from the input port to the output port. The output ports of the N switching circuits are electrically coupled in series and to a load to establish an output circuit. Each of the N switching circuits uses an interconnection inductance of the output circuit as a primary energy storage inductance of the switching circuit.

Abstract: An electric power system includes N electric power sources and N switching circuits, where N is an integer greater than one. Each switching circuit includes an input port electrically coupled to a respective one of the N electric power sources, an output port, and a first switching device adapted to switch between its conductive and non-conductive states to transfer power from the input port to the output port. The output ports of the N switching circuits are electrically coupled in series and to a load to establish an output circuit. Each of the N switching circuits uses an interconnection inductance of the output circuit as a primary energy storage inductance of the switching circuit.

Abstract: A maximum power point tracking controller includes an input port for electrically coupling to an electric power source, an output port for electrically coupling to a load, a control switching device, and a control subsystem. The control switching device is adapted to repeatedly switch between its conductive and non-conductive states to transfer power from the input port to the output port. The control subsystem is adapted to control switching of the control switching device to regulate a voltage across the input port, based at least in part on a signal representing current flowing out of the output port, to maximize a signal representing power out of the output port.

Abstract: A maximum power point tracking controller includes an input port for electrically coupling to an electric power source, an output port for electrically coupling to a load, a control switching device, and a control subsystem. The control switching device is adapted to repeatedly switch between its conductive and non-conductive states to transfer power from the input port to the output port. The control subsystem is adapted to control switching of the control switching device to regulate a voltage across the input port, based at least in part on a signal representing current flowing out of the output port, to maximize a signal representing power out of the output port.