Abstract: Embodiments may provide techniques by which qubits may be copied and observed in a quantum computing system, as well as for techniques by which images may be represented in quantum computing systems. In an embodiment, a method for copying a qubit may comprise receiving a qubit in a genetic state of linear superposition |?=a|+b|1, applying sequentially a plurality of CNOT operators to form a result that may comprise a 4-qubit output state having duplicated qubits in a plurality of qubits of the output state, measuring the 4-qubit output state, applying a 2-Controlled-NOT operator with a target qubit to the output of the second CNOT operator to output a plurality of qubits, and measuring a qubit of the output plurality of qubits to obtain duplicated qubits |?2.