Abstract: Digital content can be annotated with a search annotation. A user can specify or otherwise identify one or more terms, comprising a query, in conjunction with an annotation signal, for example. Suggestions can be provided automatically to aid a user in specifying the terms, among other things. Furthermore, a hyperlink can be generated that targets a search engine with the query or some other resource. Subsequently, the one or more terms are replaced with the hyperlink.

Abstract: Carbon-containing fly ash has been treated with optimum amounts of ozone. There is homogenous treatment of the fly ash with ozone and over saturation with ozone is avoided. In a further embodiment of the invention carbon, from various sources is oxygenated to be incorporated into concrete. The preferred oxygenating agent is ozone.

Abstract: A method for removing ammonia from fly ash employs water mist (a water fog) or a flowing warm humid air stream to rid the fly ash of ammonia. Ozone alone or with other co-oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide are also used to rid fly ash of ammonia.

Abstract: A method for removing ammonia from fly ash employs water mist (a water fog) or a flowing warm humid air stream to rid the fly ash of ammonia. Ozone alone or with other co-oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide are also used to rid fly ash of ammonia.

Abstract: A method for removing ammonia from fly ash employs water mist (a water fog) or a flowing warm humid air stream to rid the fly ash of ammonia. Ozone alone or with other co-oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide are also used to rid fly ash of ammonia.

Abstract: Carbon-containing fly ash has been treated with optimum amounts of ozone. There is homogenous treatment of the fly ash with ozone and over saturation with ozone is avoided. In a further embodiment of the invention carbon, from various sources is oxygenated to be incorporated into concrete. The preferred oxygenating agent is ozone.

Abstract: A coupon for measuring the corrosion rates of metals in a hostile environment, including two or more thin-film resistive conductors formed on a substrate and positioned in close physical proximity so that they are subjected to essentially the same physical environment. One or more of the thin-film resistive conductors is directly exposed to the potentially corrosive environment while at least one of the thin-film elements is protected from the corrosive nature of the environment. The element or elements that are protected from corrosion are either shielded from the corrosive effects of the environment by the presence of a thermally thin protective layer or by being isolated from the corrosive environment while being maintained at essentially the same temperature as the elements exposed to the corrosive environment. The invention is also directed to a system for measuring the corrosion rate by measuring the change in resistance of the exposed conductor in comparison to the protected chamber.

Abstract: An integrated method of removing alkali metal compounds from sulfur-bearing coal is disclosed. The coal is comminuted (4) and mixed (10) with water (8) to form a slurry (12). In the preferred embodiment, the slurry (12) is comingled with an SO.sub.2 -bearing gas (16) in a transport pipeline (52) to form an acidic slurry which dissolves the alkali compounds out of the coal. The slurry is then separated (22) into a solid portion (24) and a liquid portion (26), the solid portion (24) being combusted (34) to form the SO.sub.2 -bearing gas (16).

Abstract: An integrated method of removing alkali metal compounds from sulfur-bearing coal is disclosed. The coal is comminuted (4) and mixed (10) with water (8) to form a slurry (12). In the preferred embodiment, the slurry (12) is comingled with an SO.sub.2 -bearing gas (16) in a transport pipeline (52) to form an acidic slurry which dissolves the alkali compounds out of the coal. The slurry is then separated (22) into a solid portion (24) and a liquid portion (26), the solid portion (24) being combusted (34) to form the SO.sub.2 -bearing gas (16).

Abstract: A conventional pulverized coal-fired furnace is supplied fuel at two different levels. The raw coal is classified into a stream of relatively pure coal ground to conventional fineness for burners at the lower level, and a stream of very finely divided coal with a large, heavy mineral content for burners at the higher level.

Abstract: A system receives raw coal which is routed through crushing, screening, pulverizing, classifying, and beneficiation stages with the de-mineralized fraction of the coal routed to a pulverized-coal-fired furnace, while the mineralized fraction is routed to a fluidized bed furnace.

Abstract: A furnace in which fuel, such as pulverized coal, is burned, with the fuel and air being introduced into the furnace through tangential burners located in each of the four corners thereof and being directed tangentially to an imaginary circle in the center of the furnace. The invention will be described with pulverized coal, but is not limited to coal. Combustion gases from downstream of the furnace are recirculated back to the furnace, and are also introduced into the furnace from the four corners, in a tangential manner. The coal is introduced along with primary air to be directed at the smallest of a series of concentric imaginary circles; the recirculated gases are directed tangentially at a somewhat larger imaginary circle; and the secondary air is directed tangentially at a still larger imaginary circle.

Abstract: A method of operating a pulverized coal furnace wherein the coal is introduced with minimal oxygen through an intermediate zone of the furnace which also has a relatively low oxygen content. The carbon particles are projected into an upstream portion of the furnace where secondary air is introduced to burn the carbon particles. The combustion products pass upwardly through the intermediate zone to a downstream zone where tertiary air is added to complete combustion.

Abstract: The Air Quality Control System utilizes the reaction between nitrogen oxides and the sulfites and bisulfites which are produced as a slurry of lime/limestone absorbs sulfur dioxide from a mixture of gases to produce ammonia from the absorption of nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: An entrained flow coal gasifier wherein a high temperature product gas stream is essentially formed by burning char with air. Additional char, formed by partial gasification of coal, is added immediately thereafter to obtain the gasification reaction. Fresh coal is thereafter supplied in a lower temperature region thereby obtaining the volatile components driven off at a relatively low temperature.

Abstract: Water is sprayed through a gas stream before it flows to an Air Quality Control System scrubber tank to absorb SO.sub.2 and produce a highly acidic liquid stream. The acid stream is mixed with a bleed stream from the AQCS cycle in a tank which will provide the residence time to complete the reaction of chemical in the bleed stream.

Abstract: A bowl mill for pulverizing coal, wherein two bowl surfaces are rotated on the same shaft. The raw crushed coal is pulverized in one of the bowls, and the pulverized coal therefrom is then transported in an air stream to a classifier from where the fines are carried on to the ultimate point of use, and the more coarse particles are discharged into the second bowl for further grinding.