Abstract: In one aspect, a luminaire is provided for illumination, in which the luminaire has a normalized spectral power distribution (SPD) curve for promoting human wellness, the normalized SPD curve having the following percentage areas for the following wavelength domains, the normalized SPD curve including spectral energy in a 620 nm to 640 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 9.5% to 10.5% of a total of an area for a normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 640 nm to 660 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 7.25% to 9.8% of the total of the area of the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 660 nm to 680 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 4.8% to 7.8% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 680 nm to 700 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 2.75% to 5.5% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; and a remainder of spectral energy of the total normalized SPD curve is in a 400 nm to 620 nm region area of the SPD curve.

Abstract: In one aspect, a luminaire is provided for illumination, in which the luminaire has a normalized spectral power distribution (SPD) curve for promoting human wellness, the normalized SPD curve having the following percentage areas for the following wavelength domains, the normalized SPD curve including spectral energy in a 620 nm to 640 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 9.5% to 10.5% of a total of an area for a normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 640 nm to 660 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 7.25% to 9.8% of the total of the area of the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 660 nm to 680 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 4.8% to 7.8% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 680 nm to 700 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 2.75% to 5.5% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; and a remainder of spectral energy of the total normalized SPD curve is in a 400 nm to 620 nm region area of the SPD curve.

Abstract: In one aspect, a luminaire is provided for illumination, in which the luminaire has a normalized spectral power distribution (SPD) curve for promoting human wellness, the normalized SPD curve having the following percentage areas for the following wavelength domains, the normalized SPD curve including spectral energy in a 620 nm to 640 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 9.5% to 10.5% of a total of an area for a normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 640 nm to 660 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 7.25% to 9.8% of the total of the area of the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 660 nm to 680 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 4.8% to 7.8% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 680 nm to 700 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 2.75% to 5.5% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; and a remainder of spectral energy of the total normalized SPD curve is in a 400 nm to 620 nm region area of the SPD curve.

Abstract: An embodiment of an assembly for isolating a substrate is described that comprises a vacuum source; a substrate; a receptacle configured to position the substrate and to operatively couple to the vacuum source; and a vessel configured to operatively coupled to the receptacle, wherein the substrate is configured to move from the receptacle to the vessel in response to a differential pressure applied by the vacuum source.

Abstract: In one aspect, a luminaire is provided for illumination, in which the luminaire has a normalized spectral power distribution (SPD) curve for promoting human wellness, the normalized SPD curve having the following percentage areas for the following wavelength domains, the normalized SPD curve including spectral energy in a 620 nm to 640 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 9.5% to 10.5% of a total of an area for a normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 640 nm to 660 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 7.25% to 9.8% of the total of the area of the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 660 nm to 680 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 4.8% to 7.8% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 680 nm to 700 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 2.75% to 5.5% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; and a remainder of spectral energy of the total normalized SPD curve is in a 400 nm to 620 nm region area of the SPD curve.

Abstract: A light engine comprising a substantially tubular substrate including base portion with a plurality of slots, a first group of at least two filament LEDs on a first portion of the substantially tubular substrate, and a second group of at least two filament LEDs on a second portion of the substantially tubular substrate. Each of the first and second groups of the at least two filament LEDs being electrically connected through a base electrode to electrode contacts in the slots. The light engine also includes an electrical bus wire present proximate to the end of the substantially tubular substrate that is opposite the end at the base portion of the substantially tubular substrate, the electrical bus wire in contact with each filament LED for each of the first and second groups of at least two filament LEDs.

Abstract: In one aspect, a luminaire is provided for illumination, in which the luminaire has a normalized spectral power distribution (SPD) curve for promoting human wellness, the normalized SPD curve having the following percentage areas for the following wavelength domains, the normalized SPD curve including spectral energy in a 620 nm to 640 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 9.5% to 10.5% of a total of an area for a normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 640 nm to 660 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 7.25% to 9.8% of the total of the area of the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 660 nm to 680 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 4.8% to 7.8% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 680 nm to 700 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 2.75% to 5.5% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; and a remainder of spectral energy of the total normalized SPD curve is in a 400 nm to 620 nm region area of the SPD curve.

Abstract: A light engine that includes electrical leads extending into a supporting stem and a filament assembly having a V-shaped geometry in electrical connection with the electrical leads. The filament assembly includes at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments wherein a first end of the filament assembly is in electrical contact with the electrical leads and provides an apex portion of the V-shaped geometry, and a second end of the filament assembly opposite the first end has a second width greater than the first width of the apex portion. An electrically conductive pathway connects the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments at the second end of the filament assembly.

Abstract: A light engine comprising a substantially tubular substrate including base portion with a plurality of slots, a first group of at least two filament LEDs on a first portion of the substantially tubular substrate, and a second group of at least two filament LEDs on a second portion of the substantially tubular substrate. Each of the first and second groups of the at least two filament LEDs being electrically connected through a base electrode to electrode contacts in the slots. The light engine also includes an electrical bus wire present proximate to the end of the substantially tubular substrate that is opposite the end at the base portion of the substantially tubular substrate, the electrical bus wire in contact with each filament LED for each of the first and second groups of at least two filament LEDs.

Abstract: A light emitting element control circuit and power supply for a solid state lamp includes an electrical control circuit controller which enables the operation of a solid state lamp in three distinct modes, which allows the user significant flexibility in operation of the lamp. It enables the user to operate the lamp with a fixed emission spectrum but with intensity control (Mode I); or with discrete settings of blue only or red only or a fixed ratio of the two (Mode II); or an on-demand ratio of blue to red emission whereby the user can operate the lamp with any arbitrary ratio of blue to red for example to meet different spectral requirements of, for example, different phases of plant growth (Mode III).

Abstract: A light engine comprising a substantially tubular substrate including base portion with a plurality of slots, a first group of at least two filament LEDs on a first portion of the substantially tubular substrate, and a second group of at least two filament LEDs on a second portion of the substantially tubular substrate. Each of the first and second groups of the at least two filament LEDs being electrically connected through a base electrode to electrode contacts in the slots. The light engine also includes an electrical bus wire present proximate to the end of the substantially tubular substrate that is opposite the end at the base portion of the substantially tubular substrate, the electrical bus wire in contact with each filament LED for each of the first and second groups of at least two filament LEDs.

Abstract: A light engine that includes electrical leads extending into a supporting stem and a filament assembly having a V-shaped geometry in electrical connection with the electrical leads. The filament assembly includes at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments wherein a first end of the filament assembly is in electrical contact with the electrical leads and provides an apex portion of the V-shaped geometry, and a second end of the filament assembly opposite the first end has a second width greater than the first width of the apex portion. An electrically conductive pathway connects the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments at the second end of the filament assembly.

Abstract: A lamp including a body for containing a light engine that includes at least a first and second string of said light emitters. The lamp includes driver electronics including an AC-DC switching power supply section of a circuit including a first potentiometer for adjusting total current to the light engine; and a linear topology LED string current control section of the circuit including an operational amplifier controlled by a second potentiometer to operate a field effect transistor (FET) in the linear portion of the FETs operation range to adjust a percentage of the total current to the first and second string of the light emitters. Adjusting the total current adjusts the photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of light emitted by the lamp. Adjusting the percentage of the total current to the first and second string of the light emitters adjusts the spectral power distribution of light being emitted by the lamp.

Abstract: A solid-state horticultural lamp is disclosed. The lamp emits a spectrum of light including a first local emission peak between 400-500 nm and a first spectral power distribution (SPD) intensity and a second local emission peak between 500-600 nm and a second SPD intensity, wherein the second SPD intensity normalized to the first SPD intensity is between 0.15-0.35. The spectrum further includes a third local emission peak between 600-700 nm and a third SPD intensity, wherein the third SPD intensity normalized to the first spectral power distribution intensity is between 2.4-2.8. In some cases, a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of the light between 600-700 nm is between 3.5-4.5 times a PPF of the light between 400-500 nm, and a PPF of the light between 600-700 nm is between 3.8-4.2 times a PPF of the light between 400-500 nm.

Abstract: In one aspect, a luminaire is provided for illumination, in which the luminaire has a normalized spectral power distribution (SPD) curve for promoting human wellness, the normalized SPD curve having the following percentage areas for the following wavelength domains, the normalized SPD curve including spectral energy in a 620 nm to 640 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 9.5% to 10.5% of a total of an area for a normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 640 nm to 660 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 7.25% to 9.8% of the total of the area of the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 660 nm to 680 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 4.8% to 7.8% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; spectral energy in a 680 nm to 700 nm region of the SPD curve ranging from 2.75% to 5.5% of the total of the area for the normalized SPD curve; and a remainder of spectral energy of the total normalized SPD curve is in a 400 nm to 620 nm region area of the SPD curve.

Abstract: A light engine that includes electrical leads extending into a supporting stem and a filament assembly having a V-shaped geometry in electrical connection with the electrical leads. The filament assembly includes at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments wherein a first end of the filament assembly is in electrical contact with the electrical leads and provides an apex portion of the V-shaped geometry, and a second end of the filament assembly opposite the first end has a second width greater than the first width of the apex portion. An electrically conductive pathway connects the at least two light emitting diode (LED) filaments at the second end of the filament assembly.

Abstract: A light engine comprising a substantially tubular substrate including base portion with a plurality of slots, a first group of at least two filament LEDs on a first portion of the substantially tubular substrate, and a second group of at least two filament LEDs on a second portion of the substantially tubular substrate. Each of the first and second groups of the at least two filament LEDs being electrically connected through a base electrode to electrode contacts in the slots. The light engine also includes an electrical bus wire present proximate to the end of the substantially tubular substrate that is opposite the end at the base portion of the substantially tubular substrate, the electrical bus wire in contact with each filament LED for each of the first and second groups of at least two filament LEDs.

Abstract: A lamp including a body for containing a light engine that includes at least a first and second string of said light emitters. The lamp includes driver electronics including an AC-DC switching power supply section of a circuit including a first potentiometer for adjusting total current to the light engine; and a linear topology LED string current control section of the circuit including an operational amplifier controlled by a second potentiometer to operate a field effect transistor (FET) in the linear portion of the FETs operation range to adjust a percentage of the total current to the first and second string of the light emitters. Adjusting the total current adjusts the photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of light emitted by the lamp. Adjusting the percentage of the total current to the first and second string of the light emitters adjusts the spectral power distribution of light being emitted by the lamp.

Abstract: A lamp including a first group of solid state light emitters that produce a general illumination light mode. The general illumination light mode is provided by a first range of light wavelengths emitted by the first group of solid state light emitters having a correlated color temperature ranging from 2700K to 6500K. The lamp also includes a second group of solid state light emitters that emit a second range of light wavelengths that are not visible to insects in a substantially insect free illumination light mode. The second range of light wavelengths have a spectral power ratio of wavelengths of less than substantially 550 nm to a total spectra of less than 700 nm, that is equal to 5.8% or less. The lamp further includes the ability to switch between the two modes of light.

Abstract: A solid-state circadian rhythm lamp and luminaire and related control techniques are disclosed. The lamp or luminaire may have: (1) a night/pre-sleep emissions mode in which it emits light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) of about 1,800-2,300 K, the spectral power ratio of blue light (400-495 nm) being such that it constitutes about 10% or less of the total light emitted; (2) a day/wakeup emissions mode in which it emits light having a CCT of about 5,000-8,000 K, the spectral power ratio of blue light being such that it constitutes about 30% or more of the total light emitted; and/or (3) a general lighting mode in which it produces a combined light output having a CCT of about 2,500-5,000 K. The driver may support emissions mode changing based on hysteresis relating to a lighting switch associated with the lamp or luminaire.