Abstract: An on-body antenna is provided that overcomes mismatch loss problems associated with current on-body antennas and is capable of operating over a wide range of frequencies with low transmission loss. At least a first antenna element of the on-body antenna is configured to receive an oscillating electric current and to radiate an oscillating electromagnetic field over a predetermined range of frequencies. The first antenna element is made of non-electrically-conductive material having a first relative permittivity. At least a second material having a second relative permittivity can be disposed on or in the first antenna element. Disposing the second material provides the first antenna element with an effective permittivity that can be closely matched to a frequency-dependent permittivity of biological tissue of a subject. The first non-electrically-conductive material and the second material can be preselected to have relative permittivities that allow anisotropy to be achieved.

Abstract: A system may include a first wearable sensor in operable communication with a microcontroller. A system may include a second wearable sensor, wherein the microcontroller is configured to. A system may include receive a sensor signal from the first wearable sensor. A system may determine, based on the sensor signal, whether a collaborative interaction event occurred between the first wearable sensor and the second wearable sensor.

Abstract: An example embedded sensor system is described herein. The example embedded sensor includes a plurality of transmission traces, a plurality of coupling traces; and a plurality of fringing field regions formed by adjacent transmission traces and coupling traces. Optionally, the embedded sensor system can include a processor operably coupled to a switch, and configured to: select a transmission trace and a coupling traces from the plurality of transmission traces and coupling traces using the switch; and measure a capacitance between the transmission trace and the coupling trace.

Abstract: Described herein are systems for collaborative interaction using wearable technology. An example system includes a wearable sensor configured to sense a collaborative interaction event, a microcontroller including a wireless transceiver, where the microcontroller is in operable communication with the wearable sensor, and where the microcontroller is configured to receive a sensor signal from the wearable sensor, and transmit, using the wireless transceiver, the sensor signal. The system also includes a computing device in operable communication with the microcontroller.

Abstract: A biometric monitoring system comprises a substrate with a first surface having a length and a width. A first transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a first end of the length of the first surface. A second transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a second end of the length of the first surface. The first and second transmitting antennas extend across the width of the first surface. A plurality of receiving antennas are coupled to the first surface, each of which extends across the width of the substrate and is spaced apart from an adjacent receiving antenna along the length by a predetermined distance. A controller is configured to supply a first signal to the first transmitting antenna and sequentially measure a transmission coefficient or voltage of the first signal at the plurality of receiving antennas until an attenuation in the transmission coefficient or voltage exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: An on-body antenna is provided that overcomes mismatch loss problems associated with current on-body antennas and is capable of operating over a wide range of frequencies with low transmission loss. At least a first antenna element of the on-body antenna is configured to receive an oscillating electric current and to radiate an oscillating electromagnetic field over a predetermined range of frequencies. The first antenna element is made of non-electrically-conductive material having a first relative permittivity. At least a second material having a second relative permittivity can be disposed on or in the first antenna element. Disposing the second material provides the first antenna element with an effective permittivity that can be closely matched to a frequency-dependent permittivity of biological tissue of a subject. The first non-electrically-conductive material and the second material can be preselected to have relative permittivities that allow anisotropy to be achieved.

Abstract: A biometric monitoring system comprises a substrate with a first surface having a length and a width. A first transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a first end of the length of the first surface. A second transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a second end of the length of the first surface. The first and second transmitting antennas extend across the width of the first surface. A plurality of receiving antennas are coupled to the first surface, each of which extends across the width of the substrate and is spaced apart from an adjacent receiving antenna along the length by a predetermined distance. A controller is configured to supply a first signal to the first transmitting antenna and sequentially measure a transmission coefficient or voltage of the first signal at the plurality of receiving antennas until an attenuation in the transmission coefficient or voltage exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: An on-body antenna is provided that overcomes mismatch loss problems associated with current on-body antennas and is capable of operating over a wide range of frequencies with low transmission loss. At least a first antenna element of the on-body antenna is configured to receive an oscillating electric current and to radiate an oscillating electromagnetic field over a predetermined range of frequencies. The first antenna element is made of non-electrically-conductive material having a first relative permittivity. At least a second material having a second relative permittivity can be disposed on or in the first antenna element. Disposing the second material provides the first antenna element with an effective permittivity that can be closely matched to a frequency-dependent permittivity of biological tissue of a subject. The first non-electrically-conductive material and the second material can be preselected to have relative permittivities that allow anisotropy to be achieved.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a measurement of anxiety in a vehicle that include receiving sensor data from a plurality of sensors disposed within a plurality of areas of the vehicle. The system and method also include processing the sensor data into metrics associated with a type of measurement. Processing of the sensor data is completed by a neural network. The system and method also include analyzing the processed metrics and determining an anxiety level associated with an occupant of the vehicle. The system and method further include training the neural network based on the anxiety level and at least one driving event that is correlated with the anxiety level.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for monitoring body kinematics. A wearable coil configuration of the system comprises at least first and second electrically-conductive coils adapted to be secured to a subject in a predetermined spatial relationship and orientation relative to one another. The first coil acts as a first transmitter and generates a first magnetic flux when a first electrical current is passed through it. The second coil acts as a receiver. The first magnetic flux induces a first electrical current or voltage in the second coil. A measurement instrument of the system is configured to measure the first electrical current or voltage and to output a first measurement signal. A processor, which may be part of, or external to, the system is configured to execute a motion monitoring algorithm that processes at least the measurement signal to determine at least a first motion made by the subject.

Abstract: Example proximity sensors are described. The proximity sensor can include a transceiver unit, and a leaky coaxial cable operably coupled to the transceiver unit. The proximity sensor described herein can be used with a steering wheel. For example, the leaky coaxial cable can be embedded in the steering wheel.

Abstract: Disclosed and described herein are systems and methods of energy generation from fabric electrochemistry. An electrical cell is created when electrodes (cathodes and anodes) are ‘printed’ on or otherwise embedded into fabrics to generate DC power when moistened by a conductive bodily liquid such as sweat, wound, fluid, etc. The latter acts, in turn, as the cell's electrolyte. A singular piece of fabric can be configured into multiple cells by dividing regions of the fabric with hydrophobic barriers and having at least one anode-cathode set in each region. Flexible inter-connections between the cells can be used to scale the generated power, per the application requirements.

Abstract: An electromagnetic bio-signal detector to monitor very weak evoked action potentials associated with neurotransmissions is described. The small induction-coil array detector and integrated circuit design enables the device to have a small and possibly portable form factor while minimizing cost. Advanced signal processing methods enables the device to detect very weak electromagnetic signals without the need for shielding to reduce electromagnetic background emissions. The combination of cost, size, and sensitivity affords the electromagnetic bio-signal detector broad utility both inside and outside hospital settings and for numerous diagnostic and treatment feedback applications.

Abstract: A biometric monitoring system comprises a substrate with a first surface having a length and a width. A first transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a first end of the length of the first surface. A second transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a second end of the length of the first surface. The first and second transmitting antennas extend across the width of the first surface. A plurality of receiving antennas are coupled to the first surface, each of which extends across the width of the substrate and is spaced apart from an adjacent receiving antenna along the length by a predetermined distance. A controller is configured to supply a first signal to the first transmitting antenna and sequentially measure a transmission coefficient or voltage of the first signal at the plurality of receiving antennas until an attenuation in the transmission coefficient or voltage exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: A biometric monitoring system comprises a substrate with a first surface having a length and a width. A first transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a first end of the length of the first surface. A second transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a second end of the length of the first surface. The first and second transmitting antennas extend across the width of the first surface. A plurality of receiving antennas are coupled to the first surface, each of which extends across the width of the substrate and is spaced apart from an adjacent receiving antenna along the length by a predetermined distance. A controller is configured to supply a first signal to the first transmitting antenna and sequentially measure a transmission coefficient or voltage of the first signal at the plurality of receiving antennas until an attenuation in the transmission coefficient or voltage exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: Example proximity sensors are described. The proximity sensor can include a transceiver unit, and a leaky coaxial cable operably coupled to the transceiver unit. The proximity sensor described herein can be used with a steering wheel. For example, the leaky coaxial cable can be embedded in the steering wheel.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a measurement of anxiety in a vehicle that include receiving sensor data from a plurality of sensors disposed within a plurality of areas of the vehicle. The system and method also include processing the sensor data into metrics associated with a type of measurement. Processing of the sensor data is completed by a neural network. The system and method also include analyzing the processed metrics and determining an anxiety level associated with an occupant of the vehicle. The system and method further include training the neural network based on the anxiety level and at least one driving event that is correlated with the anxiety level.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for monitoring body kinematics. A wearable coil configuration of the system comprises at least first and second electrically-conductive coils adapted to be secured to a subject in a predetermined spatial relationship and orientation relative to one another. The first coil acts as a first transmitter and generates a first magnetic flux when a first electrical current is passed through it. The second coil acts as a receiver. The first magnetic flux induces a first electrical current or voltage in the second coil. A measurement instrument of the system is configured to measure the first electrical current or voltage and to output a first measurement signal. A processor, which may be part of, or external to, the system is configured to execute a motion monitoring algorithm that processes at least the measurement signal to determine at least a first motion made by the subject.

Abstract: Disclosed and described herein are systems and methods energy generation from fabric electrochemistry. An electrical cell is created when electrodes (cathodes and anodes) are ‘printed’ on or otherwise embedded into fabrics to generate DC power when moistened by a conductive bodily liquid such as sweat, wound, fluid, etc. The latter acts, in turn, as the cell's electrolyte. A singular piece of fabric can be configured into multiple cells by dividing regions of the fabric with hydrophobic barriers and having at least one anode-cathode set in each region. Flexible inter-connections between the cells can be used to scale the generated power, per the application requirements.

Abstract: A biometric monitoring system comprises a substrate with a first surface having a length and a width. A first transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a first end of the length of the first surface. A second transmitting antenna is coupled to the first surface at a second end of the length of the first surface. The first and second transmitting antennas extend across the width of the first surface. A plurality of receiving antennas are coupled to the first surface, each of which extends across the width of the substrate and is spaced apart from an adjacent receiving antenna along the length by a predetermined distance. A controller is configured to supply a first signal to the first transmitting antenna and sequentially measure a transmission coefficient or voltage of the first signal at the plurality of receiving antennas until an attenuation in the transmission coefficient or voltage exceeds a threshold.