Abstract: A system having a catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) reactor operable to produce a CPO reactor effluent characterized by a hydrogen to carbon monoxide (H2/CO) molar ratio and an M ratio (H2—CO2)/(CO+CO2); a steam methane reforming (SMR) reactor operable to produce an SMR reactor effluent characterized by a H2/CO molar ratio greater than that of the CPO reactor effluent, and an M ratio greater than that of the CPO reactor effluent. The system includes a flow line(s) configured to combine at least a portion of the CPO reactor effluent with at least a portion of the SMR reactor effluent to provide a combined syngas stream upstream or downstream of a heat exchanger operable to transfer heat from at least a portion of the CPO reactor effluent, at least a portion of the SMR reactor effluent, or the combined syngas stream to the first portion and/or the second portion of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A system having a catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) reactor operable to produce a CPO reactor effluent characterized by a hydrogen to carbon monoxide (H2/CO) molar ratio and an M ratio (H2—CO2)/(CO+CO2); a steam methane reforming (SMR) reactor operable to produce an SMR reactor effluent characterized by a H2/CO molar ratio greater than that of the CPO reactor effluent, and an M ratio greater than that of the CPO reactor effluent. The system includes a flow line(s) configured to combine at least a portion of the CPO reactor effluent with at least a portion of the SMR reactor effluent to provide a combined syngas stream upstream or downstream of a heat exchanger operable to transfer heat from at least a portion of the CPO reactor effluent, at least a portion of the SMR reactor effluent, or the combined syngas stream to the first portion and/or the second portion of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A system having a catalytic partial oxidation (CPO) reactor to produce, from a CPO reactant mixture, a CPO reactor effluent characterized by a hydrogen to carbon monoxide (H2/CO) molar ratio and a M ratio defined as (H2?CO2)/(CO+C=2). The system includes a water-gas shift (WGS) reactor configured to produce a hydrogen enriched reactor effluent from at least a portion of the CPO reactor effluent, wherein the hydrogen enriched reactor effluent is characterized by a H2/CO molar ratio that is greater than the H2/CO molar ratio of the CPO reactor effluent. The system includes a CO2 separator operable to remove a portion of the CO2 from the hydrogen enriched reactor effluent to yield the syngas, wherein the syngas is characterized by a M ratio that is greater than the M ratio of the CPO reactor effluent and of the hydrogen enriched reactor effluent. Processes for producing the syngas and producing methanol therefrom are also provided.

Abstract: An integrated process and system for synthesis of organic-acid esters is provided. The method of synthesizing combines reaction and distillation where an organic acid and alcohol composition are passed through a distillation chamber having a plurality of zones. Side reactors are used for drawing off portions of the composition and then recycling them to the distillation column for further purification. Water is removed from a pre-reactor prior to insertion into the distillation column. An integrated heat integration system is contained within the distillation column for further purification and optimizing efficiency in the obtaining of the final product.

Abstract: A process for producing organic acid di- or tri-esters, particularly citric acid tri-esters, with the available acid groups esterified using countercurrent reactive distillation using acid catalysts in a structured packing is described. In the reactive distillation an organic acid di- or tri-ester is formed by chemical reaction and purified to its final state within the single column. Organic acid di- or tri-esters are produced at relatively low cost, with less waste production in by-products of the reaction, and in a less complicated manner than prior processes. Organic acid di- and tri-esters have uses as solvents, as plasticizers and in conversion products.

Abstract: A process for producing organic acid esters using continuous countercurrent reactive distillation using acid catalysts in a structured packing in a single column (10) is described. In the reactive distillation an organic acid ester is formed by chemical reaction and can be purified to its final state within the single column. Organic acid esters are produced at relatively low cost, with less waste production, and in a less complicated manner than prior processes. Organic acid ester have uses as solvents, as intermediate chemicals, and in consumer products.

Abstract: A process for producing organic acid di- or tri-esters, particularly citric acid tri-esters, with the available acid groups esterified using countercurrent reactive distillation using acid catalysts in a structured packing is described. In the reactive distillation an organic acid di- or tri-ester is formed by chemical reaction and purified to its final state within the single column. Organic acid di- or tri-esters are produced at relatively low cost, with less waste production in by-products of the reaction, and in a less complicated manner than prior processes. Organic acid di- and tri-esters have uses as solvents, as plasticizers and in conversion products.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a fuel oil (diesel fuel or heating oil) composition which is a mixture of an alkanol tranesterified fatty acid ester triglyceride and an acetal of glycerol is described. The process preferably provides a prestep of the formation of at least some of the alkanol transesterified triglyceride containing the glycerol for use in the formation of the acetal of glycerol. The composition can also be formed from a reaction of 1,1- dimethoxy- or 1,1-diethoxyethane and glycerol to form the acetal in the alkanol transesterified triglyceride.

Abstract: A process for producing organic acid esters using continuous countercurrent reactive distillation using acid catalysts in a structured packing in a single column (10) is described. In the reactive distillation an organic acid ester is formed by chemical reaction and can be purified to its final state within the single column. Organic acid esters are produced at relatively low cost, with less waste production, and in a less complicated manner than prior processes. Organic acid ester have uses as solvents, as intermediate chemicals, and in consumer products.