Abstract: A cooking device that includes one or more resistive coatings disposed on a surface of a cooking container. In one embodiment, the resistive coatings are coated to an outside layer of an internal cooking container, which is surrounded peripherally by an external cooking container. The resistive coating converts electricity to heat, thereby heating the internal cooking container. There may be multiple resistive coatings, and a controller is configurable to independently adjust the electric current transiting each of the resistive coatings.

Abstract: A heater is provided having at least one thermally sprayed resistive heating layer, the resistive heating layer comprising a first metallic component that is electrically conductive and capable of reacting with a gas to form one or more carbide, oxide, nitride, and boride derivative; one or more oxide, nitride, carbide, and boride derivative of the first metallic component that is electrically insulating; and a third component capable of stabilizing the resistivity of the resistive heating layer. In some embodiments, the third component is capable of pinning the grain boundaries of the first metallic component deposited in the resistive heating layer and/or altering the structure of aluminum oxide grains deposited in the resistive heating layer.

Abstract: A method of coating a surface of a substrate with a particulate coating material, the method comprising: determining at least an area of the surface of the substrate to be covered with the particulate coating material; subjecting at least a portion of the area of the surface of the substrate to laser irradiation to form a plurality of distinct spaced-apart laser impact craters in a pattern and/or at least one last impact pit on the surface of the substrate; and thermally spraying the area of the surface of the substrate with the particulate coating material. A coated substrate comprising: a substrate having a plurality of distinct spaced-apart laser impact craters in a pattern and/or at least one laser impact pit on at least an area of a surface of the substrate; a thermally-sprayed coating mechanically bonded to at least the area of the surface of the substrate.