Abstract: A shock absorber includes a first passage (111) or (112) and a second passage (32), (99) or (235) in communication with each other and configured to allow a working fluid to flow between two chambers (16) and (17) based on movement of a piston (15), and a passage area adjustment mechanism (101) or (236) configured to adjust a passage area of the second passage (99) or (235) depending on a position of a piston rod (18) is installed to have at least one of a maximum length-side property in which an extension-side damping force becomes soft and a compression-side damping force becomes hard in a range in which the piston rod (18) extends to an outside of a cylinder (11) farther than a maximum length-side predetermined position, and a minimum length-side property in which the extension-side damping force becomes hard and the compression-side damping force becomes soft in a range in which the piston rod (18) enters an inside of the cylinder (11) further than a minimum length side predetermined position.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a first passage (111) or (112) and a second passage (32), (99) or (235) in communication with each other and configured to allow a working fluid to flow between two chambers (16) and (17) based on movement of a piston (15), and a passage area adjustment mechanism (101) or (236) configured to adjust a passage area of the second passage (99) or (235) depending on a position of a piston rod (18) is installed to have at least one of a maximum length-side property in which an extension-side damping force becomes soft and a compression-side damping force becomes hard in a range in which the piston rod (18) extends to an outside of a cylinder (11) farther than a maximum length-side predetermined position, and a minimum length-side property in which the extension-side damping force becomes hard and the compression-side damping force becomes soft in a range in which the piston rod (18) enters an inside of the cylinder (11) further than a minimum length side predetermined position.

Abstract: A shock absorber comprising: a cylinder; a piston partitioning the cylinder into two chambers; a piston rod; a by-pass passage passing through the chambers; and a damping-force adjusting mechanism adjusting a passage area of the by-pass passage, wherein the adjusting mechanism includes: a shutter guide; a shutter movably guided by the shutter guide; and an elastic member elastically retaining the shutter at an initial position, an adjustable passage adjusting the passage area of the by-pass passage as that opening is varied by shift of the shutter is formed, shift of the shutter is not influenced by pressure difference between the chambers, and when the shutter is at the initial position, the adjustable passage is opened with a predetermined degree, and the shutter moves to close the adjustable passage by fluid force that generates by flow of the working fluid of the adjustable passage against elastic force of the elastic member.