Abstract: A transparent substrate includes a first principal surface; a second principal surface as a principal surface on the opposite side of the first principal surface; a lateral surface extending between the first principal surface and the second principal surface; and a first boundary surface disposed between the first principal surface and the lateral surface and having a plurality of concave portions; wherein the first boundary surface is configured such that each of the concave portions has a bottom with a curvature and that the frequency of a maximum curvature is less than 3% in a frequency distribution of the curvatures of the concave portions.

Abstract: A method of implementing control logic of a compression-ignition engine is provided. A controller outputs a signal to a injector and a variable valve operating mechanism so that a gas-fuel ratio (G/F) becomes leaner than a stoichiometric air fuel ratio, and an air-fuel ratio (A/F) becomes equal to or richer than the stoichiometric air fuel ratio, and to an ignition plug so that unburnt mixture gas combusts by self-ignition after the ignition plug ignites mixture gas inside a combustion chamber. The method includes steps of determining a geometric compression ratio and determining the control logic defining an intake valve close timing IVC. IVC (deg.aBDC) is determined so that the following expression is satisfied: if the geometric compression ratio ? is 10??<17, 0.4234?2?22.926?+207.84+C?IVC??0.4234?2+22.926??167.84+C where C is a correction term according to an engine speed NE (rpm), C=3.3×10?10NE3?1.0×10?6NE2+7.0×10?4NE.

Abstract: A compression-ignition engine control system is provided, which includes an intake variable mechanism and a controller. Within a first operating range and a second operating range on a higher engine load side, the controller controls the variable mechanism to form a gas-fuel ratio (G/F) lean environment in which an air-fuel ratio inside a cylinder is near a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and burnt gas remains inside the cylinder, and controls a spark plug to spark-ignite mixture gas inside the cylinder to combust in a partial compression-ignition combustion. The controller controls the variable mechanism to advance the intake valve open timing on an advancing side of a TDC of the exhaust stroke, as the engine load increases within the first range, and retard the intake valve open timing on the advancing side of the TDC of the exhaust stroke, as the engine load increases within the second range.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a cover glass includes covering partial regions of both main surfaces of a glass sheet with a mask material. The partial regions is opposed to each other. The method further includes etching the glass sheet having the partial regions covered with the mask material by use of an etchant, thereby obtaining a small-piece glass sheet having chamfered portions in the both main surfaces. The method further includes further chamfering at least a part of one main surface of the small-piece glass sheet, thereby providing a difference between surface roughness Ra of the chamfered portion on the one main surface side and surface roughness Ra of the chamfered portion on the other main surface side.

Abstract: A method of implementing control logic of a compression-ignition engine is provided. A control part of the engine performs a calculation according to the control logic corresponding to an engine operating state in response to a measurement of a measurement part, controls a fuel injection part, a variable valve operating mechanism, an ignition part and a supercharger so that a G/F becomes leaner than a stoichiometric air fuel ratio and a A/F becomes equal to or richer than the stoichiometric air fuel ratio, while causing the supercharger to boost, and controls the ignition part so that unburnt mixture gas combusts by self-ignition after the ignition. The method includes determining a supercharging pressure P, and determining control logic defining a close timing IVC of an intake valve. When determining the control logic, the close timing IVC (deg.aBDC) is determined so that the supercharging pressure P (kPa) satisfies the following expression: P?8.0×10?11IVC6?1.0×10?8IVC5+3.0×10?7IVC4?4.0×10?6IVC3+0.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, and a cover member with which the display panel is covered. The cover member includes a second main surface facing the display panel, a first main surface opposite to the second main surface, and an end surface connecting the first main surface to the second main surface. A line D is defined as an imaginary line that passes through an edge E formed by the first main surface and the end surface, and members of a first layer to a nth layer (n: an inter of 2 or more) are arranged on the line D, the cover member being the first layer. A gap exists in a part between the cover member and the member of the nth layer. The display device satisfies the specific relations (1) to (3).

Abstract: A control device for a compression ignition engine is provided. At least in a high-load range where an engine load is higher than a given value, among an operating range where a partial compression ignition combustion is performed, an EGR valve is opened, and a first injection in which fuel is injected at least from an intake stroke to the first half of a compression stroke is carried out. While an engine body is operated in the high-load range, when a torque down request and a request for reducing external EGR gas amount introduced into the cylinder are issued, the opening of the EGR valve is reduced, and a second injection in which fuel is injected in the second half of the compression stroke is carried out, and a ratio of a fuel amount of the second injection to the total fuel amount injected in a combustion cycle is increased.

Abstract: A compression-ignition engine control system is provided, which includes an intake phase-variable mechanism and a controller. Within a first operating range and a second operating range on a higher engine load side, the controller controls the variable mechanism to form a gas-fuel ratio (G/F) lean environment in which an air-fuel ratio inside a cylinder is near a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and burnt gas remains inside the cylinder, and controls a spark plug to spark-ignite mixture gas inside the cylinder to combust in a partial compression-ignition combustion. The controller controls the variable mechanism to retard the intake valve open timing on an advancing side of TDC of an exhaust stroke, as the engine load increases within the first range, and advance the intake valve close timing on a retarding side of TDC of intake stroke, as the engine load increases within the second range.

Abstract: An information processing method in which an object of interest is classified using node group information defining a node group having modeled a scheme of classification as a tree structure and having grouped nodes possessing a same parent node, comprises: setting depth information for determining whether to perform classification for a particular node group when sequentially traversing node groups from the parent node using the node group information to classify the object of interest; and classifying the object of interest by sequentially traversing node groups from the parent node using the node group information, and providing a classification result, wherein classifying the object of interest varies a depth up to which node groups are sequentially traversed from the parent node to classify the object of interest, in accordance with setting of the depth information.

Abstract: A powder container is for use with an image forming apparatus, and the image forming apparatus includes a driving protrusion that is rotatable and that protrudes toward an upstream side in an insertion direction in which the powder container is inserted. The powder container includes a container body to store powder, a cap attached to the container body, and a transmitted structure provided on the cap to contact the driving protrusion. The transmitted structure extends outward from an outer circumference of the powder container. The cap is rotatable relative to the container body in a predetermined angular range. The rotation of the cap relative to the container body is restricted so that the container body rotates along with the rotation of the cap when the rotation of the cap exceeds the predetermined angular range.

Abstract: A control system of a compression-ignition engine which performs SPCCI combustion in which mixture gas is ignited with a spark plug to be partially combusted by SI combustion and the rest of mixture gas self-ignites to be combusted by CI combustion, is provided. When the engine is operated at least in a given first operating range, a controller of the device controls a variable intake mechanism so that an A/F lean environment where an air-fuel ratio in a cylinder becomes higher than a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is formed, while causing the spark plug to perform spark ignition at a given timing so that the mixture gas combusts by SPCCI combustion, and controls so that, under the same engine load condition, an intake valve close timing is more retarded as the engine speed decreases, within a range where an amount of air inside the cylinder decreases by retarding the close timing.

Abstract: A control system of a compression-ignition engine includes an intake variable mechanism and a controller. In a second operating range, the controller controls the intake variable mechanism so that, while partial compression-ignition combustion is performed under an air-fuel ratio (A/F) lean environment, an intake valve open timing takes timing at an advanced side of an exhaust TDC. In a first operating range on a lower load side, the controller controls the intake variable mechanism so that, while the partial compression-ignition combustion is performed under the A/F lean environment, under the same engine speed condition, the intake valve close timing is more retarded within a range on a retarded side of an intake BDC as the engine load decreases, and an absolute value of a change rate of the intake valve close timing to the engine load becomes larger than in the second range.

Abstract: This hydraulic pressure control device is provided with: a housing having a motor mounted to a surface on one side thereof and which has an oil passage formed thereinside; a case which is mounted to a surface on the other side of the housing and has a circuit board disposed thereinside; a sensor which detects a signal of the motor; a signal wire which connects between the sensor and the circuit board; and a power wire through which electric power is supplied to the motor, wherein the signal wire and the power wire are disposed inside a single through-hole that is formed in the housing so as to penetrate from the surface on the one side to the surface on the other side, and the signal wire or the power wire within the through-hole is covered with a shielding member that blocks out power supply noise generated during power supply.

Abstract: A control system of a compression-ignition engine is provided, which includes an engine configured to cause combustion of a mixture gas inside the combustion chamber, an injector attached to the engine and configured to inject fuel into the combustion chamber, a spark plug disposed to be oriented into the combustion chamber and configured to ignite the mixture gas inside the combustion chamber, and a controller connected to the injector and the spark plug and configured to operate the engine by outputting a control signal to the injector and the spark plug, respectively. After the spark plug ignites the mixture gas to start combustion, unburned mixture gas combusts by self-ignition. The controller outputs the control signal to the injector so that a fuel injection timing is advanced when the engine operates at a high speed than at a low speed.

Abstract: When the geometric compression ratio of an engine body is set to 13:1 or more and the engine body operates in a preset high load region, the effective compression ratio of the engine body is set to 12:1 or more with a difference from the geometric compression ratio being within 2, a gas to be introduced into a combustion chamber is supercharged by a supercharging system, fuel is injected at least in a compression stroke by an injector, and after the fuel injection is finished, an air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber is ignited by an ignition device before the compression top dead center and is thus burned by flame propagation in the engine body, and then the unburned air-fuel mixture is burned by compression ignition.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an engine includes an engine, an EGR system, a spark plug, a controller, and a supercharging system. While a supercharging system is performing supercharging and the EGR system is introducing burned gas into a combustion chamber, in response to a control signal from the controller, the spark plug ignites air-fuel mixture at predetermined timing so that unburned air-fuel mixture combusts by autoignition after the air-fuel mixture starts to combust by the ignition.

Abstract: A combustion control device for a compression autoignition engine includes an engine, a state quantity setting device, a spark plug, a controller, and a sensor. The spark plug receives a control signal from the controller and ignites air-fuel mixture at predetermined ignition timing such that the ignited air-fuel mixture is combusted by flame propagation and then unburned air-fuel mixture in a combustion chamber is combusted by autoignition. The controller outputs a control signal to an injector such that, in a compression stroke, fuel is injected at specific timing at which a line obtained by extending an axis of each hole of the injector overlaps with a specific portion including an opening edge of a cavity in an upper surface of a piston.

Abstract: A cover glass for covering a display panel of a display device, includes a front surface not to be faced to the display panel, a back surface to be faced the display panel, a front-side chamfered part which is a chamfered part on the side of the front surface, and a back-side chamfered part which is a chamfered part on the side of the back surface. The front-side chamfered part has a surface roughness Ra of more than 100 nm. The back-side chamfered part has a surface roughness Ra of 100 nm or less.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a compression autoignition engine includes an engine, a spark plug, a controller, and sensors. After the spark plug ignites air-fuel mixture to start combustion, unburned air-fuel mixture is combusted by autoignition. The controller changes an SI rate in accordance with an operation state of the engine. Furthermore, the controller adjusts the SI rate when determining that the SI rate needs to be adjusted.

Abstract: A structure of a combustion chamber for an engine includes a crown surface of a piston, a combustion chamber ceiling surface, an injector and an ignition plug provided on the combustion chamber ceiling surface, and an intake opening and an exhaust opening opened in the combustion chamber ceiling surface. A side where the intake opening is opened is defined as an intake port side, and a side where the exhaust opening is opened is defined as an exhaust port side. An ignition portion of the ignition plug is disposed on the intake port side. The ignition plug is ignited at a timing after the piston passes a compression top dead center. The injector is disposed on the center portion, and is configured to inject fuel toward the exhaust port side. A cavity is provided on the crown surface. A reverse squish flow generation portion is provided in the combustion chamber.