Abstract: Provided is an imaging device (1) having: a front optical system (10) that transmits light from an object; a spectral filter array (20) that transmits light from the front optical system (10) via a plurality of spectral filters; a small lens array (30) that transmits the light from the plurality of spectral filters via a plurality of small lenses respectively, and forms a plurality of object images; a picture element (50) that captures the plurality of object images respectively; and an image processor (60) that determines two-dimensional spectral information on the object images based on image signals output from the picture element (50). The front optical system (10) is configured to transmit the light from the focused object to collimate the light into a parallel luminous flux.

Abstract: Provided is an imaging device (1) having: a front optical system (10) that transmits light from an object; a spectral filter array (20) that transmits light from the front optical system (10) via a plurality of spectral filters; a small lens array (30) that transmits the light from the plurality of spectral filters via a plurality of small lenses respectively, and forms a plurality of object images; a picture element (50) that captures the plurality of object images respectively; and an image processor (60) that determines two-dimensional spectral information on the object images based on image signals output from the picture element (50). The front optical system (10) is configured to transmit the light from the focused object to collimate the light into a parallel luminous flux.

Abstract: Provided is an imaging device (1) having: a front optical system (10) that transmits light from an object; a spectral filter array (20) that transmits light from the front optical system (10) via a plurality of spectral filters; a small lens array (30) that transmits the light from the plurality of spectral filters via a plurality of small lenses respectively, and forms a plurality of object images; a picture element (50) that captures the plurality of object images respectively; and an image processor (60) that determines two-dimensional spectral information on the object images based on image signals output from the picture element (50). The front optical system (10) is configured to transmit the light from the focused object to collimate the light into a parallel luminous flux.

Abstract: Provided is an imaging device (1) having: a front optical system (10) that transmits light from an object; a spectral filter array (20) that transmits light from the front optical system (10) via a plurality of spectral filters; a small lens array (30) that transmits the light from the plurality of spectral filters via a plurality of small lenses respectively, and forms a plurality of object images; a picture element (50) that captures the plurality of object images respectively; and an image processor (60) that determines two-dimensional spectral information on the object images based on image signals output from the picture element (50). The front optical system (10) is configured to transmit the light from the focused object to collimate the light into a parallel luminous flux.

Abstract: A tunable filter including: a polarization splitter that splits input light into two linearly polarized light rays of mutually orthogonal vibration directions; a wavelength dispersion spectroscopic element that splits the two linearly polarized light rays into two spectral images having spatial spread in one direction; and a reflective spatial modulator device that modulates and reflects linearly polarized light in each wavelength region for the two spectral images independently from each other.

Abstract: The light beam 5a emitted from a light source Pa is formed into a parallel light beam 6a upon entering the substrate 1 as a result of the effect of lens strips 2a. The parallel light beam 6a reaches the end surface on the emission side of the substrate 1, and is there subjected to the effect of lens strips 3a so that this light beam is focused at a focal position Qa (focal point) on the rear side of the lens strips 3a. Similarly, the light beam 5b emitted from a light source Pb is subjected to the effect of lens strips 2b and is formed into a parallel light beam 6b inside the substrate 1; this light beam is then further subjected to the effect of lens strips 3b, and is therefore focused at a focal point Qb located in a position that is separated from the surface of the substrate 1 by a distance of f.

Abstract: Provided is a tunable filter including: a polarization splitter that splits input light into two linearly polarized light rays of mutually orthogonal vibration directions; a wavelength dispersion spectroscopic element that splits the two linearly polarized light rays split by the polarization splitter, into two spectral images having spatial spread in one direction, the two spectral images corresponding to the two linearly polarized light rays; and a reflective spatial modulator device that modulates and reflects linearly polarized light in each wavelength region for the two spectral images independently from each other, where modulated light reflected at the reflective spatial modulator device reenters the wavelength dispersion spectroscopic element and the polarization splitter, thereby splitting and outputting the modulated light, as output light in a wavelength region modulated by the reflective spatial modulator device and output light in a wavelength region not modulated, and input light and reentered l

Abstract: The light beam 5a emitted from a light source Pa is formed into a parallel light beam 6a upon entering the substrate 1 as a result of the effect of lens strips 2a. The parallel light beam 6a reaches the end surface on the emission side of the substrate 1, and is there subjected to the effect of lens strips 3a so that this light beam is focused at a focal position Qa (focal point) on the rear side of the lens strips 3a. Similarly, the light beam 5b emitted from a light source Pb is subjected to the effect of lens strips 2b and is formed into a parallel light beam 6b inside the substrate 1; this light beam is then further subjected to the effect of lens strips 3b, and is therefore focused at a focal point Qb located in a position that is separated from the surface of the substrate 1 by a distance of f.

Abstract: A spectroscope is equipped with a temperature compensation mechanism that can reliably reduce a drift of a spectral image in the wavelength dispersion direction caused by a change in the environmental temperature irrespective of the form of the spectroscope. The spectroscope is provided with a first support member 17 that integrally supports an incidence member 11, a collective optical system 13 and a detection element 15, a second support member 21, made of a material different from the first support member, that supports a wavelength dispersion element 14, and a transmission member 24, 25 that transmits a contraction/expansion amount of the first support member to the second support member when environmental temperature changes.

Abstract: There is provided an attenuator device having a simple configuration and capable of selecting an output of beam of an arbitrary wavelength range from a plurality of output ports. The attenuator device comprises: a plurality of output fibers (1-3 and 1-5) having an end surface serving as an output port; discarding optical fibers (1-2 and 1-4) having an end surface serving as a discarding port and each arranged adjacently to the output optical fiber; a diffraction grating (5) which diffracts an incident beam into various directions according to the wavelength thereof; and a micro mirror array (7) which adjusts the output direction of the diffracted beam for each of the wavelength ranges output from the diffraction grating (5). The micro mirror array (7) adjusts the output direction of the diffracted beam so that a part of the diffracted beam may be output to the output port while the rest being output to the discarding port.

Abstract: There is provided an attenuator device having a simple configuration and capable of selecting an output of beam of an arbitrary wavelength range from a plurality of output ports. The attenuator device comprises: a plurality of output fibers (1-3 and 1-5) having an end surface serving as an output port; discarding optical fibers (1-2 and 1-4) having an end surface serving as a discarding port and each arranged adjacently to the output optical fiber; a diffraction grating (5) which diffracts an incident beam into various directions according to the wavelength thereof; and a micro mirror array (7) which adjusts the output direction of the diffracted beam for each of the wavelength ranges output from the diffraction grating (5). The micro mirror array (7) adjusts the output direction of the diffracted beam so that a part of the diffracted beam may be output to the output port while the rest being output to the discarding port.

Abstract: A spectroscope is equipped with a temperature compensation mechanism that can reliably reduce a drift of a spectral image in the wavelength dispersion direction caused by a change in the environmental temperature irrespective of the form of the spectroscope. The spectroscope is provided with a first support member 17 that integrally supports an incidence member 11, a collective optical system 13 and a detection element 15, a second support member 21, made of a material different from the first support member, that supports a wavelength dispersion element 14, and a transmission member 24, 25 that transmits a contraction/expansion amount of the first support member to the second support member when environmental temperature changes.

Abstract: An optical system which is telecentric to an image, having an objective optical system for forming a model image based on rays from the model magnified by a predetermined ratio to an actual object. An eyepiece lens is included for observing the model image formed through the objective optical system. The distance between the objective optical system and the eyepiece lens is varied so that a visual impression obtained by observing the model image through the eyepiece lens becomes substantially equal to a visual impression obtained by observing the actual object directly with the eyes.

Abstract: Catadioptric optical systems are disclosed that comprise, objectwise to imagewise, a positive first lens, a meniscus second lens having a convex face oriented objectwise, a meniscus third lens having a concave face oriented objectwise, and a concave spherical mirror having a concave face oriented objectwise. Light from an object passes through the first through third lenses and reflects from the concave mirror to form an image between the third lens and the concave mirror. The system satisfies the condition .vertline.f.sub.123 .vertline./f>10, where f.sub.123 is the aggregate focal length of the first through third lenses, and f is an overall focal length of the system. The first and second lenses are preferably made of a specified optical material, collectively have a positive refractive power, and fulfill the condition .vertline.f.sub.12 .vertline./.vertline.f'.sub.12 .vertline.>1, where f.sub.12 is the aggregate focal length of the first and second lenses, and f'.sub.