Abstract: A signal processing device and a signal processing method can reduce the work area and realize a higher speed for arithmetic operations by reducing the number of multiplications and additions when performing MDCT operations, IMDCT operation and/or transforming code strings between different coding system.

Abstract: The semiconductor device includes a substrate, a semiconductor component, and a cap covering the semiconductor component and attached to the substrate. The cap has a top wall, a plurality of side walls 14 extending downward from the top wall and a bottom wall. Opening are provided in the side walls of the cap at corners thereof. Due to the provision of openings, the cap can be manufactured without deformation thereof. Air or liquid can flow into, or out of, the interior of the cap, after the semiconductor deviced is completed.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a filter medium for molten metals which consists of a sintered body of a mixture comprising 100 parts by weight of at least one refractory grain selected from the group consisting of alumina particles and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.MgO spinel crystal particles; and 5 to 25 parts by weight of an inorganic binder which comprises 60 to 90% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.MgO spinel crystal powder, 5 to 12% by weight of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, and not more than 30% by weight of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, MgO and TiO.sub.2. The filter medium is used for filtering off solid impurities mixed in molten metals, in particular, molten aluminums.

Abstract: A two-dimensional noise shaping filter circuit including a first adder for adding a feedback signal to the input signal A quantizer is provided for quantizing an output from the first adder. A second adder adds an output from the quantizer to the output from the first adder. A transfer function unit provides an output from the second adder with a two-dimensional transfer function so as to generate the feedback signal to be supplied to the first adder. Using the noise shaping filter circuit, it becomes possible to provide a video signal with a two-dimensional noise shaping process, not only for a present line but also for a preceding line and a succeeding line. White noises caused by the quantizing process can be moved towards corners of a square Brillouin zone. Noise levels can be decreased at desired locations, such as at a portion of the center of a screen having a lower spatial frequency.

Abstract: A method for calculating a driving current waveform for minimizing a torque pulsation in brushless motors having a difference in construction of a magnetic circuit which are driven on such driving current. The method calculates the driving current waveform so as to reduce the sum of currents carried to coils of each phase of the brushless motor to zero, whereby a necessity to keep a common junction of the coils of each phase at a low impedance can be avoided and the circuit configuration simplified.

Abstract: A fishing line composed of a strand of a plurality of steel wires twisted together and coated with synthetic resin, wherein the steel wire is a low carbon duplex structure steel wire in the fibrous fine metallic structure having a tensile strength of 300 to 600 kgf/mm.sup.2 and coated by plating with anticorrosive metal on the outer surface, the twist pitch of the strand being 13 to 20 times the diameter thereof and the thickness of coating layer of synthetic resin being 4 .mu.m or more. This fishing line is high in tensile strength and knot strength, and is hardly kinked or curled when subjected to impact.

Abstract: A connector comprises a socket portion which is subjected to surface treatment and a base portion which is not subjected to the surface treatment, or comprises a socket portion and a base portion subjected to different kinds of surface treatments. The socket and base portions are each provided with a coupling mechanism. The socket and base portions may be easily surface treated independently, after which they are coupled together, thereby forming a connector capable of preventing short circuit arising from surface treatments.

Abstract: An information processing system including an input/output section, a memory section, and a data processing section for communicating data via the memory section in block units between the input/output section and the data processing section to effect a processing characterized in that a signal indicating an end of the processing in block units is supplied from the data processing section to the input/output section and that a processing start timing signal formed depending on the signal indicating the processing end delivered from the output section is delivered to the data processing section, the processing start timing signal being synchronized with a data block period.

Abstract: A multi-unit switch assembly has a single housing which is divided into a plurality of compartment for respectively accommodating therein a corresponding number of switch mechanisms. Each switch mechanism includes contacts and an actuator rockable within the housing for closing and opening the contacts. Each of the actuators is provided with a spring catch for detachable snap connection with each of operator handles which correspond in number to the number of the switch mechanisms and positioned exteriorly of the housing and thus rockable together with the corresponding actuators for contact closing and opening of the individual switch mechanisms. With the detachable connection of the handle and the actuator in each switch mechanism within the housing, the housing may be mounted to a wall or a like supporting surface prior to assembling the operator handle to the housing.

Abstract: A method of displaying graphic image surface information data of an object lying within a three-dimensional space on a two-dimensional display screen when seen from a predetermined observing point is disclosed. A patch of the surface of an object is separated into plural triangular units, and image information data (luminance, visible-nonvisible, and distance) are all represented at the three apexes of each triangular unit area which includes a number of display pixels. The positional data at the three apexes are transformed from three- to two-dimensional space. The other image information data are calculated in accordance with interpolation calculation. Prior to the interpolation calculation a display area is determined and a triangular area including pixels to be processed is determined to reduce the processing time. This process is repeated for the entire surface to be displayed.

Abstract: An n-th degree switched capacitor filter having transfer characteristics expressed by a transfer function H(Z) can be configured by expanding the transfer function H(Z) to an n-element linear simultaneous state equation of n state voltages inclusive of an output voltage. The coefficients of the linear state equation a.sub.11 to a.sub.n2, b.sub.11 to b.sub.nn are determined in a range within which the filter circuit can be configured by hardware and further each state voltage is below a maximum output voltage. In practice, the filter is configured by plural leapfrog type differential operational amplifiers having base capacitors C.sub.o, plural transmission gates, and plural electric charge transfer capacitors C.sub.T so as to determine each coefficient on the basis of ratios C.sub.T /C.sub.o. The filter is realized by a monolithic integrated circuit (IC) and provided with a higher signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio and a wider dynamic range without deteriorating electrical characteristics and increasing cost.