Abstract: A capsule endoscope includes at least an imaging device that images a location of a subject and an optical system that focuses the location at the imaging device. The imaging device has plural pixel portions that are arranged in in-plane directions on a substrate. The pixel portion has a photoelectric conversion portion that includes a lower electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer formed over the lower electrode, and an upper electrode formed over the photoelectric conversion layer, and a signal output portion that outputs a signal based on a charge generated at the photoelectric conversion layer through a field effect thin film transistor. The field effect thin film transistor includes at least a gate electrode, a gate insulation film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode. The photoelectric conversion portion and the signal output portion are superposed in plan view.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an optical density changing element comprising: an electromotive force generating element comprising an electromagnetic wave sensor (example: phototransistor) and a voltage source (example: battery), wherein the electromotive force generating element generates an electromotive force; an optical density changing element (light regulating filter) including an electrochromic material driven by the electromotive force; and a resistor connected in parallel to the optical density changing element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material wherein at least one of light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers includes a silver halide emulsion having a silver chloride content of at least 95 mol % and a silver iodide content of 0.05 mol % to 0.75 mol % and/or a silver bromide content of 0.05 mol % to 4.00 mol % and further at least one compound represented by the following formula (I): X-(L)n-Y ??Formula (I) wherein X represents a group adsorptive to a silver halide, L represents a divalent connecting group comprising one of an atom and an atomic group including at least one of a carbon atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom and an oxygen atom, Y denotes a reducible group and n denotes an integer of 0 or 1.

Abstract: An optical density changing element comprising: an anode; and a cathode, wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode comprises a first compound that changes a spectral absorption spectrum of the first compound in a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm by providing an electron to or receiving an electron from the at least one of the anode and the cathode, and wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode comprises a second compound that does not change a spectral absorption spectrum of the second compound in a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm by providing an electron to or receiving an electron from the at least one of the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: An electrochromic element wherein, in a colored state of the electrochromic element, a first average optical density in a first wavelength range of 450 to 470 nm, a second average optical density in a second wavelength range of 540 to 560 nm and a third average optical density in a third wavelength range of 630 to 650 nm have a fluctuation (difference of a maximum value and a minimum value of the first to third average optical densities) equal to or less than 0.5.

Abstract: A membrane/electrode assembly comprising a pair of electrodes and an ion exchange membrane disposed therebetween wherein the ion exchange membrane contains a repetitive unit represented by the formula (I), and the minimum value of the internal resistance of the assembly at 80° C. and 120° C. is 100 m?·cm2 or less and 600 m?·cm2 or less, respectively: in which, m and n is a positive integer, n/n+m is 0.001 to 1, Y is —S—, —S(O)—, —S(O)2—, —C(O)—, —P(O)(C6CH5)— or a combination thereof, Z is a single bond, —C(CH3)2—, —C(CF3)2—, —C(CF3)(C6H5)—, —C(O)—, —S(O)2— or —P(O)(C6H5)—, and A represents a sulfonate-containing moiety.

Abstract: There is provided a picture-taking unit using an automatic transmitted-light control system which is wide in range of controllable light quantity, reduced in loss of transmitted light by the system itself and fast in response speed. The picture-taking unit is configured so as to have a light control device using an electrochromic material on the subject side or the imaging recording medium side of a taking lens thereof.

Abstract: Problem The problem is to facilitate viewing of temporal correlation between patient's chief complaint and doctor's interview results associated with the patient's chief complaint.

Abstract: To provide an optical density-changing element which has excellent properties that it can be brought into a colored state by applying only a low voltage, that it shows a rapid response speed and becomes completely colorless when restored to a bleached state from the colored state, and which can undergo a change in optical density in response to an applied voltage, the optical density-changing element includes, on each of an anode and a cathode, a material capable of at least one of donating and accepting an electron and, as a result of at least one of donating and accepting the electron, undergoing a change in absorption spectrum in a visible region and a material undergoing substantially no change in absorption spectrum in the visible region, with potentials of these materials satisfying a specific relation defined in the specification.

Abstract: An optical element comprises: an electromotive force-generating element that generates an electromotive force in response to electromagnetic wave; and an optical density-changing element that changes its optical density according to the electromotive force, the optical density-changing element comprising: at least one of metal sulfide and metal nitride; and a material that causes a change of the optical density and adsorbs to said at least one of metal sulfide and metal nitride.

Abstract: An optical device comprises; an electromotive force generating element that generates an electromotive force; and an electrochromic element to be driven by the electromotive force, wherein at the time when the optical device is turned on and an optical density of the electrochromic element becomes constant, a consumed electric current is not more than (power source voltage (V))/5 mA; and a potential between both poles of the electrochromic element 10 seconds after switching the optical device from an ON state to an OFF state is not more than 50% on the basis of a potential between the both poles of the . electrochromic element just before switching.

Abstract: A staple fiber non-woven fabric is provided which comprises, as constituent fibers, first and second split staple fibers composed of first and second fiber formable polymers, respectively, and water-absorptive staple fibers. The first and second split staple fibers have a fineness of not greater than 0.5 denier per fiber. The first and second fiber formable polymers are different polymers selected from the group consisting of a polyamide, a polyester and a polyethylene which are incompatible with each other. The fiber split degree of the first and second split staple fibers is not lower than 85%. The constituent fibers are three-dimensionally entangled with each other.

Abstract: An optical density changing element comprising: an anode; and a cathode, wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode comprises a first compound that changes a spectral absorption spectrum of the first compound in a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm by providing an electron to or receiving an electron from the at least one of the anode and the cathode, and wherein at least one of the anode and the cathode comprises a second compound that does not change a spectral absorption spectrum of the second compound in a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm by providing an electron to or receiving an electron from the at least one of the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: An control apparatus for an optical density changing element comprising: an electromotive force generating element comprising an electromagnetic wave sensor (example: phototransistor) and a voltage source (example: battery), wherein the electromotive force generating element generates an electromotive force; an optical density changing element (light regulating filter) including an electrochromic material driven by the electromotive force; and a resistor connected in parallel to the optical density changing element.

Abstract: An electrochromic element wherein, in a colored state of the electrochromic element, a first average optical density in a first wavelength range of 450 to 470 nm, a second average optical density in a second wavelength range of 540 to 560 nm and a third average optical density in a third wavelength range of 630 to 650 nm have a fluctuation (difference of a maximum value and a minimum value of the first to third average optical densities) equal to or less than 0.5.

Abstract: An optical element comprises: an electromotive force-generating element that generates an electromotive force in response to electromagnetic wave; and an optical density-changing element that changes its optical density according to the electromotive force, the optical density-changing element comprising: at least one of metal sulfide and metal nitride; and a material that causes a change of the optical density and adsorbs to said at least one of metal sulfide and metal nitride.

Abstract: A silver halide color photosensitive material, wherein the total coating amount of silver of the photosensitive silver halide is 6.0 g/m2 or less in terms of metal silver, and the photosensitivity is the ISO speed of 400 or more, the silver halide color photosensitive material further comprising at least one compound selected from a group consisting of the following type 1 and type 2: (Type 1) Compound which undergoes a one-electron oxidation so as to form a one-electron oxidation product capable of, through subsequent bond cleavage reaction, releasing one or more electrons, (Type 2) Compound which undergoes a one-electron oxidation so as to form a one-electron oxidation product capable of, after subsequent bond formation reaction, releasing one or more electrons.

Abstract: To provide an optical density-changing element which has excellent properties that it can be brought into a colored state by applying only a low voltage, that it shows a rapid response speed and becomes completely colorless when restored to a bleached state from the colored state, and which can undergo a change in optical density in response to an applied voltage, the optical density-changing element includes, on each of an anode and a cathode, a material capable of at least one of donating and accepting an electron and, as a result of at least one of donating and accepting the electron, undergoing a change in absorption spectrum in a visible region and a material undergoing substantially no change in absorption spectrum in the visible region, with potentials of these materials satisfying a specific relation defined in the specification.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion having a silver chloride content of 90 mol % or more which has been chemically sensitized with a compound capable of releasing an AuICh? ion is described, wherein grains of the silver halide contain in the shell portion thereof 0.01 to 0.50 mol % of silver iodide per mol of the total silver, with Ch representing S, Se or Te.

Abstract: A silver halide emulsion having a silver chloride content of 90 mol % or more which has been chemically sensitized with a compound capable of releasing an AuICh− ion is described, wherein grains of the silver halide contain in the shell portion thereof 0.01 to 0.50 mol % of silver iodide per mol of the total silver, with Ch representing S, Se or Te.