Abstract: A driving waveform determining method with which a waveform of a driving pulse applied to a driving element provided in a liquid ejecting head that ejects a liquid is determined includes: a first step of determining a waveform candidate of the driving pulse; a second step of notifying a user of candidate information of the waveform candidate; a third step of receiving an instruction issued by the user in accordance with the candidate information; and a fourth step of determining the waveform of the driving pulse in accordance with the instruction.

Abstract: A waveform determination method is disclosed that includes acquiring second timing information regarding a timing at which the flight distance of the droplet reaches the first distance when each of the plurality of waveform candidates indicated by the second waveform information is used, and a determination step of determining a waveform of each of the first drive pulse and the second drive pulse based on the first timing information and the second timing information.

Abstract: A driving waveform determining method with which a waveform of a driving pulse applied to a driving element provided in a liquid ejecting head that ejects a liquid is determined includes: a first step of measuring, by performing a simulation, ejection characteristics of the liquid from the liquid ejecting head when a waveform candidate is used for the driving pulse; a second step of measuring, by performing an actual measurement, the ejection characteristics of the liquid from the liquid ejecting head when the waveform candidate is used for the driving pulse; and a third step of determining the waveform of the driving pulse in accordance with a measurement result obtained in the first step and a measurement result obtained in the second step.

Abstract: A process cartridge is detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The cartridge includes an electrophotographic photosensitive drum, a developing roller, a drum unit containing the drum, a developing unit containing the roller and being movable so the roller contacts and is spaced from the drum, and a first force receiver receiving a force from a main-assembly first force applier by movement of a door from open to closed positions when mounting the cartridge and a second force receiver movable from a stand-by position by movement of the first force receiver by a force received from the first force applier. The second force receiver takes a projected position receiving a force from the second force applier to move the developing unit so the roller moves out of contact with the drum, the projected position being higher than the stand-by position.

Abstract: A drive-waveform determination method determines a waveform of a first drive pulse to be applied to a drive element included in a first liquid discharging head that discharges liquid. The drive-waveform determination method includes: a first step of obtaining second waveform information regarding a waveform of a second drive pulse to be applied to a drive element included in a second liquid discharging head that discharges liquid; and a second step of determining the waveform of the first drive pulse, based on the second waveform information.

Abstract: A display control device uses frame rate control, and converts m-bit input data (m is an integer) representing brightness of each pixel, to n-bit output data (n is an integer, n<m), to control brightness of each pixel. A first frame rate controller generates a plurality of first tone data according to the input data, and outputs the generated data in a time division manner for each predetermined first timing. A second frame rate controller generates a plurality of second tone data according to the input data, and outputs the generated data in a time division manner for each predetermined first timing. Rate of change of brightness represented by the first tone data with respect to the input data, and rate of change of brightness represented by the second tone data with respect to the input data are made different.

Abstract: A display control device uses frame rate control, and converts m-bit input data (m is an integer) representing brightness of each pixel, to n-bit output data (n is an integer, n<m), to control brightness of each pixel. A first frame rate controller generates a plurality of first tone data according to the input data, and outputs the generated data in a time division manner for each predetermined first timing. A second frame rate controller generates a plurality of second tone data according to the input data, and outputs the generated data in a time division manner for each predetermined first timing. Rate of change of brightness represented by the first tone data with respect to the input data, and rate of change of brightness represented by the second tone data with respect to the input data are made different.

Abstract: Input side(s) is/are made up of input signal coupling circuit(s) subjecting input signal(s) at respective channel(s) to time division so as to form a single consolidated signal, and a single light-emitting element communicating such signal to output side(s); output side(s) is/are made up of a single light-receiving element receiving time-divided signal(s) from light-emitting element(s) at input side(s), amplifier circuit(s) carrying out amplification of received time-divided signal(s) so as to obtain constant level(s), and output signal separation circuit(s) decoding amplified time-divided signal(s) and outputting same to respective channel(s).

Abstract: An optically coupled device is composed of input and output sides. The input side includes a light-emitting element while the output side includes: an element for driving; a light-receiving element for receiving light from the light-emitting element to turn on the element for driving; and a resistance element having a positive or negative temperature-coefficient and connected in series with the light-receiving element. By the above configuration, the optically coupled device by itself is constructed to prevent rush-current from occurring and to the device itself from being excessively heated due to excessive current.

Abstract: A treating material W pre-heated to a carburizing temperature of 750.degree.-950.degree. C. is heat-treated in a carburizing atmosphere directly supplied with hydrocarbon and oxidizing gases and heated to 1000.degree.-1100.degree. C. Then, the treating material W is forcibly cooled to a temperature below 600.degree. C., the treating material W is re-heated to 750.degree.-850.degree. C., and then it is hardened.Energy required to the carburization can be saved because drastic reduction of the treating time is possible.

Abstract: A photocoupler includes: a first chip formed with a light emitting element emitting light in response to an input current; and a second chip formed with a light receiving element outputting a current having a magnitude in association with the intensity of the light from the light emitting element, a capacitor formed of a PN-junction for storing charges from the output current from the light receiving element, and a Darlington circuit having the capacitor interposed between the base and emitter thereof, The first and second chips are sealed to form a single photocoupler which is capable of solely effecting phase control.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device for sensing an object without any contact, the optoelectronic device being adapted to be connected to a control device which is capable of sending an identification code to the optoelectronic device, the optoelectronic device includes an optoelectronic element (110, 111) for receiving an input signal and for converting the received signal into an electrical signal, an address memory (121) for storing a self identification code, a determining unit (126) connected to the address memory (121) for determining a coincidence between the self identification code stored in the address memory (121) and the identification code sent from the control device, and an activating unit (127) connected to the determining unit (126) for driving the optoelectronic element (110, 111) at a time when the self identification code coincides with the identification code.