Abstract: Provided are vitamin D3 derivatives of formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and pharmaceutical or medical uses thereof for treating metabolic disease, a liver disease, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or cancer in a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: An intermediate laminate having a first adhesive layer and a first cross-linked cured resin layer laminated directly with no other layer interposed therebetween, the first adhesive layer having a polyvinyl acetal resin and/or an ionomer resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer compound that can be expected to inhibit activation of a coagulation system, a complement system or a platelet system when brought into contact with in vivo tissue and/or blood since the compound is capable of containing intermediate water, and a composition and a device using the same. This problem is solved by a polymer compound containing a repeating unit represented by general formula (A), and used in contact with in vivo tissue and/or blood, in which in a process in which the polymer compound caused to contain water in a prescribed water content is cooled to ?100° C. and thereafter heated at a temperature rise rate of 5.0° C./min, a temperature region where exothermicity occurs is present in the range of ?80° C. or more and ?25° C. or less, and a temperature region where endothermicity occurs is present in the range of ?25° C. or more and lower than 0° C.: wherein R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a receiving unit that receives messages, and a control unit that sends an editing message indicating that a reply message responding to a received message received by the receiving unit is being edited, to a sending source of the received message.

Abstract: To provide a method of bonding two materials directly with each other, at least one of which is made of a plastic material, which method is applicable to bonding two materials, with no need to use any bonding agent and without allowing the materials to be exposed to high temperature and/or high pressures. In this method in which a first member made of a plastic material and a second member are bonded together, one surface of the first member to be bonded with the second member is irradiated with energy rays having a quantity of energies not lower than 4 eV, followed by directly bonding the first and second members together without any bonding agent being used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to [1] a process for producing a 2-alkyl-2-cycloalken-1-one represented by the following general formula (2), which includes the step of subjecting a 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)cycloalkan-1-one to dehydration and isomerization in the co-existence of an acid and a platinum group metal catalyst, and [2] a process for producing an alkyl(3-oxo-alkylcycloalkyl)acetate which is useful as a perfume material, using the 2-alkyl-2-cycloalken-1-one: wherein n is an integer of 1 or 2; and R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms with the proviso that R1 and R2 may form a ring through a carbon atom adjacent thereto.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a 2-alkyl-2-cycloalken-1-one represented by the following general formula (2), including the step of reacting a 2-alkylidene cycloalkanone in the presence of a palladium and/or platinum catalyst which is treated in the following steps (a) and (b); and a method for activating the palladium and/or platinum catalyst including the following steps (a) and (b): Step (a): activating the palladium and/or platinum catalyst in an atmosphere containing a hydrogen gas; and Step (b): replacing the hydrogen gas being present as the atmosphere for the catalyst in the step (a), with an inert gas to remove the hydrogen gas out of the reaction system, wherein m is 0 to 3; n is 1 or 2; R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and R3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. In accordance with the present invention, the 2-alkyl-2-cycloalken-1-one can be produced with a high purity and a high productivity.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a receiving unit that receives messages, and a control unit that sends an editing message indicating that a reply message responding to a received message received by the receiving unit is being edited, to a sending source of the received message.

Abstract: To provide a light diffusion film that contributes lightweight with reduction in thickness, a planar light source element utilizing the light diffusion film, and a liquid crystal display device utilizing the light diffusion film and/or the planar light source element. A light diffusion film (25) having a plurality of projections (23) of a specific shape is at least partly formed from a composition containing a mixture of a photocurable compound and a particulate material. A light guide plate (22), provided with one or more light sources (21) at one side face thereof, is bonded to vertexes of the projections (23) to provide a planar light source element, which is thin and lightweight and capable of emitting non-glaring light uniformly from the entire surface thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a 2-alkyl-2-cycloalken-1-one represented by the following general formula (2), including the step of reacting a 2-alkylidene cycloalkanone in the presence of a palladium and/or platinum catalyst which is treated in the following steps (a) and (b); and a method for activating the palladium and/or platinum catalyst including the following steps (a) and (b): Step (a): activating the palladium and/or platinum catalyst in an atmosphere containing a hydrogen gas; and Step (b): replacing the hydrogen gas being present as the atmosphere for the catalyst in the step (a), with an inert gas to remove the hydrogen gas out of the reaction system, wherein m is 0 to 3; n is 1 or 2; R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and R3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. In accordance with the present invention, the 2-alkyl-2-cycloalken-1-one can be produced with a high purity and a high productivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to [1] a process for producing a 2-alkyl-2-cycloalken-1-one represented by the following general formula (2), which includes the step of subjecting a 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)cycloalkan-1-one to dehydration and isomerization in the co-existence of an acid and a platinum group metal catalyst, and [2] a process for producing an alkyl(3-oxo-alkylcycloalkyl)acetate which is useful as a perfume material, using the 2-alkyl-2-cycloalken-1-one: wherein n is an integer of 1 or 2; and R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms with the proviso that R1 and R2 may form a ring through a carbon atom adjacent thereto.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a receiving unit that receives messages, and a control unit that sends an editing message indicating that a reply message responding to a received message received by the receiving unit is being edited, to a sending source of the received message.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a (poly)glyceryl ether which includes the step of reacting an alcohol with glycidol under a neutral condition. According to the process of the present invention, the (poly)glyceryl ether having a narrow molecular weight distribution can be produced with a high yield in a simplified manner.

Abstract: An active energy beam-curable composition is provided, which is excellent in coatability to films and safety, and particularly suitable for use in a light diffusion film since a light diffusion film made of a cured product of the composition is excellent in both haze and total light transmittance. The active energy beam-curable composition comprises an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing compound (A) that contains, as an essential component thereof, a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group and an aromatic group, and a granular substance (B) that is insoluble in the component (A), in which the subtraction of the refractive index of the component (B) from the refractive index of a cured product of the component (A) alone is not less than 0.03 and not more than 0.18.

Abstract: The present invention is a detergent composition for clothing, containing (a) monoethers of glycerol and/or polyglycerols each represented by the formula (I) [hereinafter, referred to as component (a)]: R—O—(C3H6O2)n—H ??(I) (wherein, R represents a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms; and n represents a degree of glycerol condensation ranging from 1 to 7), wherein the component (a) contains compounds of the formula (I) having different degrees of glycerol condensation n, and not less than 40% by mass of the component (a) is compounds in which R's are alkyl groups having 12 and/or 14 carbon atoms and degrees of glycerol condensation n's are 3 to 5.

Abstract: To provide a light diffusion film that contributes lightweight with reduction in thickness, a planar light source element utilizing the light diffusion film, and a liquid crystal display device utilizing the light diffusion film and/or the planar light source element. A light diffusion film (25) having a plurality of projections (23) of a specific shape is at least partly formed from a composition containing a mixture of a photocurable compound and a particulate material. A light guide plate (22), provided with one or more light sources (21) at one side face thereof, is bonded to vertexes of the projections (23) to provide a planar light source element, which is thin and lightweight and capable of emitting non-glaring light uniformly from the entire surface thereof.

Abstract: An active energy beam-curable composition is provided, which is excellent in coatability to films and safety, and particularly suitable for use in a light diffusion film since a light diffusion film made of a cured product of the composition is excellent in both haze and total light transmittance. The active energy beam-curable composition comprises an ethylenically unsaturated group-containing compound (A) that contains, as an essential component thereof, a compound having an ethylenically unsaturated group and an aromatic group, and a granular substance (B) that is insoluble in the component (A), in which the subtraction of the refractive index of the component (B) from the refractive index of a cured product of the component (A) alone is not less than 0.03 and not more than 0.18.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst for adding a glycidyl ether to an active hydrogen-containing organic compound, comprising a complex oxide of magnesium and at least one element other than magnesium selected from the group consisting of the elements in the third period and the fourth period in the periodic table. Also provided is a process for producing a glycidyl ether adduct, which comprises subjecting an active hydrogen-containing organic compound and a glycidyl ether to an addition reaction in the presence of the above-mentioned catalyst.

Abstract: To provide a method of bonding two materials directly with each other, at least one of which is made of a plastic material, which method is applicable to bonding two materials, with no need to use any bonding agent and without allowing the materials to be exposed to high temperature and/or high pressures. In this method in which a first member made of a plastic material and a second member are bonded together, one surface of the first member to be bonded with the second member is irradiated with energy rays having a quantity of energies not lower than 4 eV, followed by directly bonding the first and second members together without any bonding agent being used.

Abstract: A bakers' yeast strain characterized by having an isobutyric acid content in dry cells of 150 ppm or less and showing a very weak offensive taste and odor characteristic of yeast. This yeast strain is obtained through sexual reproduction between a monoploid yeast strain obtained by germinating spores of a diploid bakers' yeast strain which may be freeze-tolerant and another monoploid yeast strain obtained by germinating spores of a diploid alcohol or wiled-type yeast strain whose offensive taste and odor characteristic of yeast is weak, followed by screening the resulting yeast strains to select those having a weak offensive taste and odor characteristic of yeast and, if necessary, being freeze-tolerant.