Abstract: The present addresses the problem of providing a new method for producing a metal and/or metalloid-containing sulfide. The problem is solved by a method for producing a metal and/or metalloid-containing sulfide characterized by using as a reaction medium and sulfur source a melt that can be obtained by heating a first sodium polysulfide represented by Na2Sx (in the formula, 1<x?5) and synthesizing a sulfide containing a metal and/or metalloid (where the metal is neither an alkali metal nor an alkaline earth metal) under normal pressure.

Abstract: The novel fuel additives contain elements available in seawater and the reaction product of a hydrocarbon oil and a strong alkali, dissolved in an organic solvent solution. The fuel additives are added to fuels directly and are effective for reducing fuel costs and cleaning the exhaust gas of every type of combustion system.

Abstract: A liquid fuel additives or combustion aid which can be prepared by dissolving solid prepared from seawater and a strong alkali, into a medium miscible with a fuel to which it is applied. The fuel additives can be directly added to petroleum fuels, such as gasoline and light oil, and is usable in all types of combustion engines to improve combustibility, fuel efficiency, etc.

Abstract: Ion water for the production of beverages and foods obtained by acidifying sea water, adding a strong alkali agent to make the pH high, removing the precipitate thereby formed, concentrating the resulting solution and cooling, and thereafter dissolving a precipitate formed on cooling in water, optionally further dissolving a solid obtained by removing the water content from the solution after the removal of the precipitate formed on cooling. An activated calcium material obtained by calcining animal bones at high temperatures and grinding and mainly comprising calcium phosphate may also be added. By using such ion water, the treated beverages and foods enjoy better storability, resistance to decomposition and taste, and provide the body with the essential minerals such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, silicon etc.

Abstract: A process for obtaining available elements from seawater is described, which process includes two separation steps. The first separation step involved adjusting the pH of seawater to a low pH by adding a strong acid having sulphate ion, adding a strongly alkaline agent thereto in amount sufficient to provide a high pH and separating the precipitate formed thereby from the filtrate. The second separation step involves concentrating the filtrate, cooling the concentrated filtrate and separating a precipitate thereby formed. Each precipitate and each filtrate obtained in these steps has characteristic components and can be utilized for many purposes, for example, for food additives, as a solvent for paint, as combustion aids, or as alkaline agents for neutralization etc.

Abstract: Novel paint solvent and paints thinned with such solvents are disclosed. In one disclosed embodiment the paint solvent is an aqueous solution containing a high concentration a strongly alkaline agent containing calcium ion as its main cation. Another solvent is disclosed which is a homogeneous blend of (a) an aqueous solution containing a high concentration a strongly alkaline agent having calcium as its main cation and (b) an an aqueous solution obtained by treating seawater with the strongly alkaline agent. The strongly alkaline agent contains at least 40% by weight calcium oxide and is a product obtained by calcining a calcium-containing natural substance such as shell, bone, limestone or mixture thereof.

Abstract: The novel combustion aids are fuel additives containing, as their major components, water and the reaction product of a hydrocarbon oil and a strong alkali. The combustion aids are effective for reducing fuel costs and cleaning the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines.