Abstract: A method of making an oil-and-fat capable of being used as a non-tempering hard butter of a non-lauric acid type, having a sharp melting property (meltability in the mouth), a good compatibility with a cacao butter and a low trans-fatty acid content, includes fractionating an oil-and-fat A comprising a first non-laurin-based oil-and-fat containing 50 to 100 mass % of SUS type triglyceride and a non-laurin-based transesterification oil containing 12 to 38 mass % of SSU type triglyceride or an oil-and-fat B obtained by partially hydrogenating the oil-and-fat A so as to obtain a soft portion.

Abstract: [Object] To provide an oil and fat composition that can be used as a low trans fatty acid content, non-lauric, non-tempering type hard butter and an oil-based food product comprising the oil and fat composition that exhibits good heat resistance and melting feeling in the mouth. [Means for Solving the Problems] The oil and fat composition of the present invention is characterized by satisfying the following conditions of (a) to (g): (a) an X3 content is 3 to 20% by weight; (b) a weight ratio of P3/X3 is not less than 0.35; (c) an X2O content is 45 to 80% by weight; (d) a weight ratio of XOX/X2O is 0.20 to 0.65; (e) a weight ratio of PStO/X2O is 0.10 to 0.45; (f) a weight ratio of St2O/X2O is 0.05 to 0.35; and (g) a weight ratio of St/P is not more than 0.80; wherein X represents saturated fatty acid having 14 carbon atoms or more; O represents oleic acid; P represents palmitic acid; and St represents stearic acid.

Abstract: A parallel resonant circuit with excellent distortion and saturation characteristics is provided at low power consumption. A first power-supply voltage is applied to the parallel resonant circuit. In the parallel resonant circuit, a variable resistor includes one or more parallel-connected branches. Each of the branches includes a series circuit of a resistor and a MOS switch. A second power supply supplies power of control signals applied to respective gates of the MOS switches, and supplies back gate voltages to the MOS switches. A power-supply voltage of the second power supply is higher than the first power-supply voltage.

Abstract: A diversity reception circuit obtains a synthesized output based on signals received at a plurality of antennas. The diversity reception circuit includes a plurality of PLLs outputting respective local oscillation signals; a plurality of mixers converting respective received radio frequency signals to low frequency signals; and a switch circuit selecting any one of outputs of the PLLs and supplying the selected output to at least one of the mixers.

Abstract: A parallel resonant circuit with excellent distortion and saturation characteristics is provided at low power consumption. A first power-supply voltage is applied to the parallel resonant circuit. In the parallel resonant circuit, a variable resistor includes one or more parallel-connected branches. Each of the branches includes a series circuit of a resistor and a MOS switch. A second power supply supplies power of control signals applied to respective gates of the MOS switches, and supplies back gate voltages to the MOS switches. A power-supply voltage of the second power supply is higher than the first power-supply voltage.

Abstract: A diversity reception circuit obtains a synthesized output based on signals received at a plurality of antennas. The diversity reception circuit includes a plurality of PLLs outputting respective local oscillation signals; a plurality of mixers converting respective received radio frequency signals to low frequency signals; and a switch circuit selecting any one of outputs of the PLLs and supplying the selected output to at least one of the mixers.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined confectionery that comprises a combination of a chocolate with a baked confectionery, wherein whitening on a baked confectionery part and blooming on a chocolate part, said whitening and blooming occurring with the lapse of time, are prevented. A combined confectionery that comprises a combination of a baked confectionery using oil-and-fat which satisfy the following requirements (a), (b) and (c) with a chocolate, the oil-and-fat components of which satisfy the following requirements (A) and (B): (a) the CN40-46 content being 2-30 mass %; (b) the sum of the S2U and SU2 contents (S2U+SU2) being 45-85 mass %; (c) the ratio by mass of SU2 to S2U+SU2 [SU2/(S2U+SU2)] being 0.50 or greater; (A) the SOS content being 40-90 mass %; and (B) the sum of the SU2 and U3 contents (SU2+U3) being 10-40 mass %.

Abstract: [Object] To provide an oil and fat composition suitable for non-tempering type hard butter that is a low trans fatty acid and non-lauric type and an oil-based food product comprising such an oil and fat composition, the productivity of which is good. [Means for solving problem] The oil and fat composition of the present invention is characterized by satisfying the following conditions of (a) to (d): (a) an X3 content is 1 to 20% by weight; (b) an X2O content is 50 to 90% by weight; (c) a weight ratio of XOX/X2O is 0.20 to 0.80; and (d) a diglyceride content is not more than 3.5% by weight. X represents saturated fatty acid having 14 carbon atoms or more and O represents oleic acid.

Abstract: [Object] To provide an oil and fat composition that can be used as a low trans fatty acid content, non-lauric, non-tempering type hard butter and an oil-based food product comprising the oil and fat composition that exhibits good heat resistance and melting feeling in the mouth. [Means for Solving the Problems] The oil and fat composition of the present invention is characterized by satisfying the following conditions of (a) to (g): (a) an X3 content is 3 to 20% by weight; (b) a weight ratio of P3/X3 is not less than 0.35; (c) an X2O content is 45 to 80% by weight; (d) a weight ratio of XOX/X2O is 0.20 to 0.65; (e) a weight ratio of PStO/X2O is 0.10 to 0.45; (f) a weight ratio of St2O/X2O is 0.05 to 0.35; and (g) a weight ratio of St/P is not more than 0.80; wherein X represents saturated fatty acid having 14 carbon atoms or more; O represents oleic acid; P represents palmitic acid; and St represents stearic acid.

Abstract: A digitally controlled frequency synthesizer less influenced by disturbance noise is provided without using a ?? modulator. The frequency synthesizer, whose oscillation frequency is digitally controlled, includes a loop gain control section configured to generate digital control data for controlling a loop gain of the frequency synthesizer; a DA conversion section configured to convert lower bits of the digital control data to an analog voltage; and an oscillation section configured to oscillate at a frequency corresponding to higher bits of the digital control data and the analog voltage output from the DA conversion section.

Abstract: An oil-and-fat composition, meets the following five requirements (a) to (e): (a) a X2O content is 50 to 80% by mass; (b) a XOX content is not more than 50% by mass; (c) a mass ratio XOX/X2O is 0.3 to 0.8; (d) a mass ratio PStO/X2O is 0.2 to 0.6; and (e) a mass ratio St/P is 0.4 to 1.5. In the five conditions (a) to (e), X, O, P, St, X2O, XOX and PStO respectively represent the following. X: saturated fatty acid having carbon atom of not less than 16; O: oleic acid; P: palmitic acid; St: stearic acid; X2O: triglyceride in which two molecules of X and one molecule of O are bonded; XOX: triglyceride in which X is bonded to 1,3-position and O is bonded to 2-position; and PStO: triglyceride in which P, St and O are bonded.

Abstract: An oil-and-fat composition, meets the following five requirements (a) to (e): (a) a X2O content is 50 to 80% by mass; (b) a XOX content is not more than 50% by mass; (c) a mass ratio XOX/X2O is 0.3 to 0.8; (d) a mass ratio PStO/X2O is 0.2 to 0.6; and (e) a mass ratio St/P is 0.4 to 1.5. In the five conditions (a) to (e), X, O, P, St, X2O, XOX and PStO respectively represent the following. X: saturated fatty acid having carbon atom of not less than 16; O: oleic acid; P: palmitic acid; St: stearic acid; X2O: triglyceride in which two molecules of X and one molecule of O are bonded; XOX: triglyceride in which X is bonded to 1,3-position and O is bonded to 2-position; and PStO: triglyceride in which P, St and O are bonded.

Abstract: A frequency synthesizer includes a control circuit configured to generate a digital control signal; and a digitally controlled oscillator of which oscillation frequency changes according to the generated digital control signal. The control circuit includes an operational circuit configured to divide an integer portion of a numerical value representing a phase difference between a reference signal and an oscillation frequency signal of the digitally controlled oscillator into high-order bits and low-order bits including a redundant bit as an MSB, and two encoders configured to encode the high-order bits and the low-order bits to generate control signals. The digitally controlled oscillator includes two capacitive element groups having capacitance values controlled by the control signals. The oscillation frequency of the digitally controlled oscillator changes according to a total capacitance value of the two capacitive element groups.

Abstract: A method of making an oil-and-fat capable of being used as a non-tempering hard butter of a non-lauric acid type, having a sharp melting property (meltability in the mouth), good compatibility with a cacao butter and a low trans-fatty acid content, includes fractionating an oil-and-fat A comprising a first non-laurin-based oil-and-fat containing 50 to 100 mass % of SUS type triglyceride and a non-laurin-based transesterification oil containing 12 to 38 mass % of SSU type triglyceride or an oil-and-fat B obtained by partially hydrogenating the oil-and-fat A so as to obtain a soft portion.

Abstract: In a digital PLL frequency synthesizer, after lock detection, first oscillating signal phase information is switched to second oscillating signal phase information by an estimation section based on previous oscillating signal phase information and a phase difference. As a result, the first oscillating signal phase information which has a risk of an error in the normal state (locked state) is not used. In addition, a conventional high-speed latch circuit for reclocking is not required. As a result, power consumption can be reduced, compared to the conventional art, while reducing or avoiding a degradation in phase-noise characteristics.

Abstract: A digital phase difference detector detects a phase difference between first and second signals. A delay circuit cumulatively delays the first signal. A flip flop group latches the signals. An edge detector detects a first phase difference between a rise of the first signal and either one of a rise or a fall of the second signal, and a second phase difference between a fall of the first signal and either one of the rise or the fall of the second signal. A memory circuit stores the phase differences. A normalization circuit computes a cycle of the first signal from a difference between previous first and second phase differences stored in the memory circuit and a difference between the first and second phase differences which are currently detected by the edge detector to normalize the phase difference between the first and second signals with reference to the cycle.

Abstract: A frequency synthesizer includes a digitally-controlled oscillator and an oscillation frequency control unit. The digitally-controlled oscillator includes a loop-shaped transmission line path having an odd number of parallel portions in each of which two conductors are arranged in parallel to each other with a space therebetween, and an odd number of intersection portions in each of which two conductors intersect spatially, an active circuit coupled between the two conductors, and a first variable capacitance unit and a second variable capacitance unit. The oscillation frequency control unit includes a ?? modulation circuit for subjecting to ?? modulation a first control signal for switching a high capacitance state and a low capacitance state of a first variable capacitance element included in the first variable capacitance unit.

Abstract: A voltage controlled oscillator includes a loop-shaped transmission line, an active circuit connected to a signal line, and a variable capacitor block connected to the signal line and having a plurality of variable capacitor units. Each variable capacitor unit includes a variable capacitor element, a control terminal for applying a control voltage to the variable capacitor element, and a reference voltage terminal for applying a reference voltage to the variable capacitor element. At least two variable capacitor units receive different reference voltages.

Abstract: The digital controlled oscillator includes a variable capacitance section having a first capacitor array of a plurality of first variable capacitors and a second capacitor array of a plurality of second variable capacitors, and generates a signal having an oscillation frequency corresponding to the capacitance value of the variable capacitance section. The first capacitance change amount in the individual first variable capacitors is a value obtained by multiplying the second capacitance change amount in the individual second variable capacitors by an integer equal to or more than 2, and the number of second variable capacitors is equal to or more than a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the integer equal to or more than 2.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a fat and oil composition for spreads having good oral solubility and spreadability without greasiness. A fat and oil composition for spreads of the present invention is composed of a continuous fat and oil phase and a water phase, characterized in that the fat and oil phase comprises (a) a liquid-state fat and oil containing, as a main ingredient, triglycerides having fatty acids with 8 to 10 carbon atoms in an amount of not less than 10% by mass of the total constitutional fatty acids; (b) a low melting transesterified fat and oil obtained by subjecting 40 to 90 parts by mass of the palm based fat and oil and 60 to 10 parts by mass of a liquid-state fat and oil to transesterification with a 1,3-position-specific lipase; and (c) a solid-form fat and oil having an open-tube melting point under increasing temperature of 38° C. or higher.