Abstract: A method for producing a light-emitting device comprising: a step of electrically connecting a first electrode provided on one main surface of a semiconductor substrate (element substrate) through a light-emitting layer, and a first lead of a lead frame, so as to oppose each other; a step of electrically connecting a second electrode provided on the rear surface of a surface provided with the light-emitting layer of said element substrate, and a second lead of the above-described lead frame; a step of encapsulating a connecting part of said first electrode and said first lead, and said second electrode, and an electrode part of the second lead, with a transparent resin; and a step of producing a discrete edge by cutting said first lead and the second lead from said lead frame; wherein a film of joining material (joining material film) made of an alloy or a single metal, is formed on the first electrode of said light-emitting element, and a pattern to reduce spreading of said joining material is formed on an e

Abstract: A method for producing a light-emitting device comprising: a step of electrically connecting a first electrode provided on one main surface of a semiconductor substrate (element substrate) through a light-emitting layer, and a first lead of a lead frame, so as to oppose each other; a step of electrically connecting a second electrode provided on the rear surface of a surface provided with the light-emitting layer of said element substrate, and a second lead of the above-described lead frame; a step of encapsulating a connecting part of said first electrode and said first lead, and said second electrode, and an electrode part of the second lead, with a transparent resin; and a step of producing a discrete edge by cutting said first lead and the second lead from said lead frame; wherein a film of joining material (joining material film) made of an alloy or a single metal, is formed on the first electrode of said light-emitting element, and a pattern to reduce spreading of said joining material is formed on an e

Abstract: In construction of a liquid crystal display including an alignment film and generally used for video display panels such as television sets, the orientation wafer is given in the form of a porous alumina layer. Substantially vertical molecular orientation is resulted from penetration of liquid crystal molecules into pores in the alignment film. Optical application of rubbing process in production enables free adjustment of the value of pretilt angle. Good reproduction and stability is assured even in the case of large fields of vision.