Abstract: Provided is a tin compound, which is represented by the following general formula (1): in the formula (1), R1 and R2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkylsilyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, R3 and R4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Provided is a thin-film forming raw material, which is used in an atomic layer deposition method, including a compound represented by the following general formula (1): M(R1)x1[A1-N(R2)(R3)]y1 ??(1) in the formula (1), R1, R2, and R3 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, A1 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, x1 represents an integer of from 0 to 2, y1 represents an integer of from 1 to 3, and M represents an indium atom or a zinc atom, provided that when M represents an indium atom, a compound in which x1 represents 2, y1 represents 1, and R1, R2, and R3 each represent a methyl group is excluded.

Abstract: A collision damage reduction apparatus executes a collision damage reduction control to reduce damage due to a collision of an own vehicle with an object. The apparatus executes the collision damage reduction control when the object exists in a first area. The first area is an area in a moving direction of the own vehicle and has a first width set, based on a width of the own vehicle. The apparatus executes the collision damage reduction control when the object does not exist in the first area, but the object predictively exists in a second area after a predetermined period of time. The second area is an area in the moving direction of the own vehicle and has a width smaller than the first width.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a holding mechanism for holding an object and a processing mechanism for irradiating the object held by the holding mechanism with a laser beam to locally heat/cool the object. The holding mechanism curves the object so as to project an expected splitting line of the object.