Abstract: A fuel cell includes a fuel electrode, an oxidant electrode, a fuel supply port, and a porous material layer for transferring a liquid fuel from the fuel supply port to the fuel electrode. The porous material layer has different values of at least one of a porosity, a permeability and a tortuosity factor depending on the distance of a site of the porous material layer from at least one of the fuel supply port and the fuel electrode.

Abstract: A fuel cell formed by arranging a plurality of unit cells, wherein each unit cell comprises a membrane electrode assembly arranged such that an electrolyte membrane is clamped between a membrane-like oxidizer electrode and a membrane-like fuel electrode as well as the electrolyte membrane is disposed with the outer periphery thereof protruding from the outer peripheries of the fuel electrode and the oxidizer electrode, a first separator disposed with an abutment surface abutting on the fuel electrode of the membrane electrode assembly and having a first flow path for supplying fuel, and a second separator disposed with an abutment surface abutting on the oxidizer electrode of the membrane electrode assembly and having a second flow path for supplying an oxidizer.

Abstract: A liquid fuel cell includes a cell stack unit containing at least one separator that includes a liquid fuel flow path and an oxidizer flow path, an end separator stacked on an outermost layer of the cell stack unit and having a liquid fuel inlet, a resin-made manifold plate including a fuel supplying manifold joined to the liquid fuel inlet of the end separator, a resin-made fuel throttle member placed in the fuel supplying manifold and including a fuel passing hole of an opening area smaller than an opening area of the fuel supplying manifold, and a liquid fuel supplying member which supplies liquid fuel to the fuel supplying manifold of the resin-made manifold plate.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided with a fuel cell having an anode and a cathode; a mixing tank containing a mixture of methanol and water; a circulating flow path linking the mixing tank and the anode, the circulating flow path supplying the mixture to the anode and recycling an exhaust fluid exhausted from the anode; and a gas-liquid separator disposed on the circulating flow path, the gas-liquid separator separating a gas phase from a liquid phase of the exhaust fluid.

Abstract: A separator for a fuel cell is provided with a separator plate including a first main face and second main face which has countered the first main face and first side face and second side face which has countered the first side face; a first inflow port formed on the first main face at a side of the first side face; plural first outflow ports formed on the first main face at a side of the second side face: plural first flow paths formed on the first main face, the first flow paths serpentinely linking the first inflow port with the first outflow ports; a second inflow port formed on the second main face at a side of the second side face; plural second outflow ports formed on the second main face at a side of the first side face; and plural second flow paths formed on the second main face, the second flow paths serpentinely linking the second inflow port with the second outflow ports.

Abstract: A fuel cell unit is provided with a fuel cell for electric power generation, a mixing tank housing a mixture of fuel and exhaust from the fuel cell, a fuel tank housing the fuel, a pump delivering the mixture and air to the fuel cell, a casing housing the fuel cell, the pump and at least one of the fuel tank and the mixing tank and a partition partitioning an interior of the casing into a first compartment housing the fuel cell and a second compartment. The partition is provided with first, second and third flow paths. The first flow path connects the mixing tank to the fuel cell. The second flow path connects the fuel cell to the pump. The third flow path connects the pump to the mixing tank.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided with a fuel cell stack including plural unit fuel cells connected in series, plural detection units respectively detecting abnormality of potential differences between the positive and negative electrodes of unit fuel cells, the unit fuel cells being connected in series and constituting a part of the fuel cell stack and a bypass unit forming bypass current path between the ends, the bypass unit being operative when at least one of the plural detection units detects the abnormality of the potential difference.

Abstract: A separator for a fuel cell is provided with an inlet port for receiving fluid used in the fuel cell, an outlet port for exhausting exhaust from the fuel cell, a main flow path connected to the inlet port and two or more branch flow paths. Each of the branch flow paths has a first end and second end. The first end is provided with a throttle communicating with the main flow path. The second end communicates with the outlet port.

Abstract: A liquid cartridge for supplying liquid to an external device connected therewith is provided with a casing, a partition member movably fitted in the casing, which partitions the casing into a first chamber and a second chamber, an outlet port communicating between the first chamber and the external device and a pressure unit housed in the second chamber, which presses the partition member so as to discharge the liquid out of the outlet port.

Abstract: A fuel cell system is provided with a fuel cell having an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte film put therebetween, a fuel supply unit supplying fuel to the anode and a gas supply unit having a pump, the pump giving negative pressure to the cathode so as to introduce gas containing oxidant to the cathode.