Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an image. A charging device is supplied with a voltage. The charging device includes a magnetic brush contactable to the image bearing member to electrically charge the image bearing member. A developing device develops, at a developing position, an electrostatic image formed on the image bearing member using a charging operation of the charging device, with toner having the same polarity as a charging polarity of the charging device, into a toner image. The developing device is capable of removing residual toner from the image bearing member. The developing device stops its developing operation if an area of the image bearing member, which has been charged by the charging device when the charging device is being supplied with an oscillating voltage in the form of superimposed AC and DC voltages, is still at the developing position.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member and a charging unit having magnetic particles that are contactable with the image bearing member. An electrostatic image forming unit forms an electrostatic image on the charged image bearing member. A developing device develops an electrostatic image on the image bearing member with toner that includes toner and magnetic carrier. A detecting unit detects the toner content of the developer and a toner supply unit supplies the toner into the developing unit when the detected toner content is lower than a predetermined level. A calculating unit calculates the changing rate of the toner content from an output of the detecting unit and a warning unit warns that a changing rate of the toner content is larger than a predetermined level.

Abstract: A golf club shaft comprises three interconnected tubular members whose diameters, flexional rigidities, lengths, materials, etc. are selected to make the golf club shaft more flexible near a club head or a club grip or at a middle portion.

Abstract: A detector for detecting status quantities in processes of an image forming apparatus and a correction mechanism for changing parameters are connected to a controller. By virtue of this arrangement, the amount of current associated with a primary charging device in a latent-image process, the surface potential of a photoreceptor drum and a voltage correction coefficient are fed into the controller as status quantities. By using the entered status quantities as well as membership functions and fuzzy rules that have been stored in an internal memory of the controller, the controller executes fuzzy reasoning and outputs a signal indicating the failure rate or rate of erroneous setting of each processing element.

Abstract: A developing agent reproducing apparatus, including a recovery device for recovering; a developing agent from a mixture of the developing agent and foreign substances, the recovery device having an attracting member for attracting the developing agent and a filter for preventing substances other than the developing agent of the mixture from passing therethrough. The filter is disposed in a region in which the developing agent is moved by the attracting member and the attracting member is disposed upstream of the filter in a gravity working direction.

Abstract: A color image reading apparatus includes a plurality of line sensors which have different color filters and each of which has a plurality of light receiving elements. One of the plurality of line sensors has an opening width larger than those of the remaining line sensors. The apparatus also includes a correcting unit such as an edge emphasis circuit for correcting image signals output from the line sensors so as to obtain identical resolutions of the image signals, and a processing unit such as a masking circuit for performing color processing of the image signals corrected by the correcting unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a charger for charging the photosensitive member; an exposure device for exposing the photosensitive member to light information with a controllable amount of light to form an electrostatic latent image with a controlled image density; a developing device for developing the electrostatic latent image with toner; an image fixing device for heat-fixing the toner image; a detector for detecting, in effect, electric power consumed by the image forming apparatus in operation; a power supply controller for controlling electric power supply to the apparatus without changing electric power supply to the fixing device and without increasing electric power supply to the exposure device; an image density adjusting device for adjusting image density without changing the light amount of the exposure device; wherein when the detector detects the power consumption beyond a predetermined level, the electric power supply to the exposure device i

Abstract: A color image reading apparatus includes a plurality of line sensors which have different color filters and each of which has a plurality of light receiving elements. One of the plurality of line sensors has an opening width larger than those of the remaining line sensors. The apparatus also includes a correcting unit such as an edge emphasis circuit for correcting image signals output from the line sensors so as to obtain identical resolutions of the image signals, and a processing unit such as a masking circuit for performing color processing of the image signals corrected by the correcting unit.

Abstract: An image forming system including a rotatable image bearing member, a rotatable transfer sheet bearing member for bearing a transfer sheet, and a common drive source for rotatably driving the image bearing member and the transfer sheet bearing member. An image is transferred from the image bearing member onto the transfer sheet born by the transfer sheet bearing member. The image bearing member and the transfer sheet bearing member are rotated at the same angular velocity.

Abstract: The resistivities of a transfer material or a transfer material carrying sheet change depending on the variation in the ambient conditions, the materials of the transfer material and the charge-up of the transfer material carrying sheet. Therefore, even if the charging by the transfer charger is maintained constant, the image transfer operation is not stable. An image transfer apparatus in which the charging amount by the transfer charger is controlled in accordance with the resistivities to stabilize the image transfer operation is disclosed The transfer charger will be controlled in accordance with an electric current flowing through a contact member when a transfer material passes between the contact member and a transfer material carrying sheet.

Abstract: An apparatus for conveying a transfer material to a position where an image is transferred from an image bearing member such an electrophotographic photosensitive member to it. A humidity detecting device is provided in the image forming apparatus. An attracting device for electrostatically attracting the transfer material on the transfer material conveying device. The attracting device is controlled in accordance with an output of the humidity detecting device. By this, the transfer material can be stably attracted on the carrying device irrespective of the humidity change in the apparatus. When the temperature is taken into account in addition to the humidity, a further preferable attraction control is possible.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an imager for forming an image at an image forming position on an image supporting member, a movable carrier for carrying the image supporting member on a first side thereof and for conveying the image supporting member to the image forming position in order to perform the image formation, an adsorption device for causing the image supporting member to be ewlectrostatically adsorbed or adhered onto the carrier device. The adsorption device is provided at an upstream side of the image forming position in the direction of movement of the carrier. The adsorption device comprises a corona charger provided at a second side of the carrier opposite to the first side. A contact member for contacting the second side of the carrier is provided adjacent to the corona charger.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes separating device. A recording material having an image is carried on a recording material carrying member. The separating member separates the recording material from the recording material carrying member. The separating member deforms the recording material carrying member in the form of a thin sheet, by pressing a roller to the recording material carrying sheet, thus facilitate insertion of a separating pawl between the recording material and the carrying sheet. By providing a single separating pawl, the probability of the erroneous separation is minimized. The recording material on the recording material carrying member is efficiently separated therefrom without damage to the recording material carrying member, thus providing a high quality of images.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a movable image bearing member; an image forming device for forming an image on the image bearing member; transfer charging device for transferring an image from the image bearing member onto an image receiving material at an image transfer position; a detector for detecting an ambient condition of the apparatus; a controller for controlling an output of the transfer charging device in accordance with an output of the detector, wherein the output of the transfer charging device is a function of the output of the detector; and a correcting device for correcting the function.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus wherein an image formed on an image bearing member is transferred onto a transfer material carried on the transfer material carrying member. The transfer material carrying member is capable of electrostatically attracting a plurality of transfer materials, so that good quality images can be provided at a high overall image formation speed with a simple structure, because the possible deterioration of the quality of the image attributable to the difference between the effect of presence of the transfer material on the transfer material carrying member and the absence thereof on the transfer material carrying member can be minimized.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a movable image bearing member; an image forming device for forming a toner image on the image bearing member; a transfer device for electrostatically transferring the toner image from the image bearing member onto a transfer material at an image transfer position; a transfer material carrying device for carrying the transfer material to the transfer position; wherein the transfer device supplies different electric charge amount per unit area to an end of the transfer material in a direction of conveyance of the transfer material by the transfer material carrying device and to another portion of the transfer material.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a movable image carrying member, a latent imager for forming a latent image on the image carrying member, a developer for developing the latent image by a toner, a transferrer for transferring a toner image on the image carrying member formed by the developer to an image supporting member at a transfer position, a carrier for carrying the image supporting member and for conveying the image supporting member to the transfer position in order to perform the transfer, and an adsorption device for causing the image supporting member to be electrostatically adsorbed onto the carrier by supplying the image supporting member with electric charges, a detector for detecting a kind of an image supporting member to be adsorbed, and a controller for controlling an electric-charge supply amount by the adsorption device according to the kind of image supporting member detected by the detector.

Abstract: A color image reading apparatus includes a plurality of line sensors which have different color filters and each of which has a plurality of light receiving elements. One of the plurality of line sensors (for the color blue) has an opening width larger than those of the remaining line sensors. The apparatus also includes a correcting unit such as an edge emphasis circuit for correcting image signals output from the line sensors so as to obtain identical resolutions of the image signals, and a processing unit such as a masking circuit for performing color processing of the image signals corrected by the correcting unit.

Abstract: After a first image is formed on an image bearing member, the potential of the image bearing member is attenuated, and then, the image bearing member is re-charged. Thereafter, a second image is formed. The image forming apparatus includes a potential sensor for detecting the surface potential of the image bearing member, and in accordance with the output of the potential sensor, amount of potential attenuation and/or amount of re-charging is controlled so that the potential difference between the potential of the first developed portion after the re-charging and the background potential is converged into a predetermined target range.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes movable image bearing member, a first charger means for charging the image bearing member, first electrostatic latent image forming device for forming a first electrostatic latent image in accordance with image information on the image bearing means charged by the first charger, first developing device for developing the first electrostatic latent image, a second charger for re-charging the image bearing member, second electrostatic latent image forming device for forming a second electrostatic latent image in accordance with image information on the image bearing member recharged by the second charger, second developing device for developing the second electrostatic latent image, a dector for detecting a surface potential of the image bearing member, the detector detecting at least the surface potential at that portion of the latent image formed on the image bearing member by the first latent image forming device which is developed, after the portion is charged by the seco