Abstract: A vehicle includes at least: an engine; a transmission arranged on a rear side in a vehicle traveling direction relative to the engine; an exhaust pipe connected to the engine and discharging exhaust gas; and an exhaust muffler connected to a downstream end part of the exhaust pipe. The exhaust muffler is elastically supported on the transmission by an exhaust muffler support member arranged and located between the transmission and the exhaust muffler.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler for a vehicle includes a muffler body coupled to an exhaust pipe and a tailpipe coupled to the muffler body. The muffler body has a plurality of expansion chambers, an exit communication pipe that discharges exhaust to the tailpipe from one of the plurality of expansion chambers positioned in a most downstream part of an exhaust flow path, and a spark arrester arranged in the exit communication pipe. An exhaust flow path narrowing portion is provided at an entrance portion of the exit communication pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler for a vehicle includes a muffler body coupled to an exhaust pipe and a tailpipe coupled to the muffler body. The muffler body has a plurality of expansion chambers, an exit communication pipe that discharges exhaust to the tailpipe from one of the plurality of expansion chambers positioned in a most downstream part of an exhaust flow path, and a spark arrester arranged in the exit communication pipe. An exhaust flow path narrowing portion is provided at an entrance portion of the exit communication pipe.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler for a vehicle includes: a sleeve portion made up of an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve; an upstream side cover that has an exhaust entrance and that closes an upstream side opening of the sleeve portion; and a downstream side cover that has an exhaust exit and that closes a downstream side opening of the sleeve portion. At least one of the upstream side cover and the downstream side cover has a peripheral flange portion that externally holds the sleeve portion. The peripheral flange portion has an outer sleeve holding portion and an inner sleeve holding portion. One end portion of the inner sleeve abuts on the inner sleeve holding portion so as to be slidable in a length direction of the inner sleeve. One end portion of the outer sleeve is fixed to the outer sleeve holding portion.

Abstract: An exhaust muffler for a vehicle includes a muffler body that is connected to an exhaust pipe and that includes therein a plurality of expansion chambers. The muffler body has an upstream side cover that has an exhaust entrance connected to the exhaust pipe and that closes an upstream side opening of the muffler body, and a communication pipe that couples one of the plurality of expansion chambers positioned in a most upstream side part of an exhaust flow path and the exhaust entrance to each other. The exhaust pipe and the communication pipe are integrally joined to a peripheral portion of the exhaust entrance by a common welding bead.

Abstract: An exhaust system of a vehicle used for a parallel multiple cylinder engine in which a plurality of cylinders are aligned in vehicle width directions, at least comprising: an exhaust manifold that is connected to a plurality of exhaust ports formed in a front face of a cylinder head of the engine with respect to a vehicle traveling direction and that extends approximately horizontally in vehicle width directions along a front face of the cylinder head; and an exhaust pipe connected to an exhaust downstream end of the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an apparatus of manufacturing a radiation detection panel, includes an evaporation source configured to evaporate a scintillator material and emit the scintillator material vertically upward, a holding mechanism located vertically above the evaporation source, and holding a photoelectric conversion substrate, and a heat conductor arranged opposite to the holding mechanism with a gap.

Abstract: An exhaust system of a vehicle used for a parallel multiple cylinder engine in which a plurality of cylinders are aligned in vehicle width directions, at least comprising: an exhaust manifold that is connected to a plurality of exhaust ports formed in a front face of a cylinder head of the engine with respect to a vehicle traveling direction and that extends approximately horizontally in vehicle width directions along a front face of the cylinder head; and an exhaust pipe connected to an exhaust downstream end of the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: In an exhaust system of a vehicle including at least: an engine; a transmission arranged on a rear side in a vehicle traveling direction relative to the engine; an exhaust pipe connected to the engine and discharging exhaust gas; and an exhaust muffler connected to a downstream end part of the exhaust pipe, the exhaust muffler is elastically supported on the transmission by an exhaust muffler support member arranged and located between the transmission and the exhaust muffler.

Abstract: A reserve tank layout structure of a motorcycle can secure a capacity of a reserve tank, and allow for easy checking of a remaining amount of a cooling water in the tank from the exterior. The layout structure is provided with a vehicle body frame, an engine supported by the vehicle body frame, a swing arm attached to the vehicle body frame so as to freely oscillate, a rear wheel supported by the swing arm, a wrapping transmission mechanism having an endless rope-like body wound between an output shaft of the engine and an axle of the rear wheel and transmitting power from the output shaft to the axle, and a reserve tank for storing cooling water of the engine, the reserve tank being disposed so that at least a part thereof is positioned at an inner peripheral side of the rope-like body.

Abstract: A reflective resin sheet is bonded to one face of a supporting substrate transmitting a radiation ray and a resin sheet of the same material as that of the reflective resin sheet to the other face of the supporting substrate. A phosphor layer converting a radiation ray into visible light is formed additionally on the reflective resin sheet formed on one face of the supporting substrate. The phosphor layer is enclosed with an additional moisture-proof layer and the reflective resin sheet. It is possible to obtain a scintillator panel higher in sensitivity characteristics, stabilized in quality and more cost-effective by placing the reflective resin sheet between the supporting substrate and the phosphor layer.

Abstract: A radiation detector includes an electrode substrate having plural photoelectric transfer elements which convert visible light into electrical signals, a scintillator layer formed on the electrode substrate and converting radial rays into visible light, and a protective film includes a drying agent film and a moisture-proof film. The drying agent film is formed on at least the scintillator layer. The moisture-proof film is formed on the drying agent film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reserve tank layout structure of a motorcycle which can secure a capacity of a reserve tank, and easily check out a remaining amount of a cooling water in the tank from an external portion. The layout structure is provided with a vehicle body frame, an engine supported to the vehicle body frame, a swing arm attached to the vehicle body frame so as to freely oscillate, a rear wheel supported to the swing arm, a wrapping transmission mechanism having an endless rope-like body wound between an output shaft of the engine and an axle of the rear wheel and transmitting a power from the output shaft to the axle, and a reserve tank storing a cooling water of the engine, the reserve tank being disposed so that at least a part thereof is positioned at an inner peripheral side of the rope-like body.

Abstract: An X-ray image intensifier has a vacuum envelope consisting of glass, and an input window consisting of aluminum and having a sectional meridian radius of curvature which increases from the central portion of the input window to the peripheral portion thereof is arranged on the input side of the vacuum envelope with a metal holding ring and a Kovar ring. An input phosphor surface is arranged adjacent to the inner surface side of the input window, and an X-ray image incident through the input window is converted into a photoelectron image. In order to minimize an influence caused by scattering of X-rays or .gamma.-rays incident through the input window, an input substrate is brought as close to the input window as possible. A coaxial cylindrical focusing electrode and an annular focusing electrode are arranged on the side wall in the vacuum envelope, and an anode is arranged on an output end side.

Abstract: An X-ray image intensifier has a vacuum envelope consisting of glass, and an input window consisting of aluminum and having a sectional meridian radius of curvature which increases from the central portion of the input window to the peripheral portion thereof is arranged on the input side of the vacuum envelope with a metal holding ring and a Kovar ring. An input phosphor surface is arranged adjacent to the inner surface side of the input window, and an X-ray image incident through the input window is converted into a photoelectron image. In order to minimize an influence caused by scattering of X-rays or .gamma.-rays incident through the input window, an input substrate is brought as close to the input window as possible. A coaxial cylindrical focusing electrode and an annular focusing electrode are arranged on the side wall in the vacuum envelope, and an anode is arranged on an output end side.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging tube has an input phosphor screen including a substrate, a discontinuous phosphor layer formed on the substrate, and a continuous phosphor layer formed on the discontinuous phosphor layer. The discontinuous phosphor layer consists of a large number of columnar crystals separated from each other and containing a substance for absorbing light emitted from a phosphor upon incidence of an X-ray. Light-absorbing layers containing a compound of the substance and having a concentration of the element higher on outer surfaces thereof than that in interiors thereof are formed on adjacent side surfaces of the columnar crystals such that the light-absorbing layers are not present at an interface between the discontinuous phosphor layer and the continuous phosphor layer. The gap between the adjacent side surfaces of the columnar crystals is 0.1 .mu.m or more.

Abstract: An X-ray image intensifier includes an envelope having an input window consisting of an aluminum alloy, and an input phosphor screen arranged in the envelope to oppose the input window, and including a substrate, an input phosphor layer formed on the substrate, and a photocathode formed on the input phosphor layer, wherein the aluminum alloy contains 3 to 6 wt % of Mg and 0.01 to 0.5 wt % of Zr. This aluminum alloy may further contain at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of 0.1 to 1 wt % of Mn, 0.01 to 0.5 wt % of Cr, 0.01 to 0.5 wt % of Sc, and 0.01 to 0.05 wt % of Ti.

Abstract: An X-ray imaging tube has an input phosphor screen including a substrate, a discontinuous phosphor layer formed on the substrate, and a continuous phosphor layer formed on the discontinuous phosphor layer. The discontinuous phosphor layer consists of a large number of columnar crystals separated from each other and containing a substance for absorbing light emitted from a phosphor upon incidence of an X-ray. Light-absorbing layers containing a compound of the substance and having a concentration of the element higher on outer surfaces thereof than that in interiors thereof are formed on adjacent side surfaces of the columnar crystals such that the light-absorbing layers are not present at an interface between the discontinuous phosphor layer and the continuous phosphor layer. The gap between the adjacent side surfaces of the columnar crystals is 0.1 .mu.m or more.

Abstract: An X-ray image intensifier includes a vacuum envelope having an input window for receiving X-rays, an input fluorescent screen for converting X-rays received through the input window into light, a photoelectric layer for converting the light, which was converted by the input fluorescent screen, into electrons, an anode and a converging electrode constitute an electron lens for accelerating and converging the electrons converted by the photoelectric layer, and an output fluorescent screen for converting the electrons, which were accelerated and converged by the electron lens, into a visible image. The light transmission coefficient of a peripheral portion of the input fluorescent screen is larger than that of a central portion thereof.