Abstract: Two Fabry-Perot interference filters are used as tandum polarizers for a h-power laser beam counter measure in an optical scene. The scene radiation is directed on one polarizer; one plane of polarization of the laser beam is transmitted thereby and the other scene radiation is reflected to the other polarizer. The other polarizer transmits the other plane of polarization of the laser beam and reflects the other scene radiation to a photodetector, such as an image intensifier, infrared imager, television camera tube, or a human eye. The laser beam transmitted by the polarizers is trapped by absorbers and cannot harm the photodetector.

Abstract: An unpolarized light beam is split into two orthogonal polarized beams. Each polarized beam is attenuated by passing it through the sequence of a first polarization rotator, an analyzer, and a second polarization rotator. The attenuated beams are combined to yield a beam with the desired type or space-orientation of polarization.

Abstract: A crankshaft with a crank arm is connected to a reciprocatable piston or sshead by a connecting rod. By having the connecting rod length equal to the crank arm length, a motion whose equation is y=2a sin .alpha. is imparted to the piston or crosshead. In the equation y is the linear position of the piston or crosshead, a is either the crank arm or connecting rod length, and .alpha. is constant angular rotation of the crankshaft.

Abstract: In order to ensure total bonding together of two-dimensional arrays of inm bumps on circuit boards, additional bumps are placed on each board in a triangular pattern which contains the array of that board. Opposing sets of thrusters are used to move the boards and their bumps toward each other, after the arrays are aligned with the boards juxtaposed and substantially parallel to each other. As corresponding sets of additional bumps touch each other, the set of thrusters moving the boards at those points hold their positions, until all sets of additional bumps are in touch; all of the thrusters of at least one board are then simultaneously energized until a predetermined pressure is achieved between the boards.

Abstract: An echelon arrangement of Bragg-angle X-ray or gamma ray reflectors using ystals. Each successive member of the echelon has one more crystal than the preceeding member. Thus, each ray of an incident X-ray or gamma ray beam is reflected by a different amount and the reflected rays may be directed through a common focal point.

Abstract: A substrate of a dimensionally-stable material is formed with precision m cavities therein for various linear or nonlinear optical elements or electro-optical elements such as lenses, beam splitters, reflectors, detectors, polarizers, Kerr cells, Pockel cells, etc. Various openings are also made in the substrate for function as optical paths or waveguides. The elements are then bonded into their respective cavities by glueing or soldering; the optical system thus formed is sealed in an air-tight housing.

Abstract: A yoke with an elliptical slot in it is driven by a reciprocating motion in guide by a circular cam carried off-center to a rotating shaft. The minor axis of the ellipse is equal to the cam diameter and is parallel to the direction of reciprocating motion. The major axis is equal to the cam diameter plus twice the off-center distance of the cam. The yoke may be attached to a piston in a compressor by a connecting rod, or may be formed as a portion of the piston.

Abstract: An evacuating-charging valve assembly consisting of a valve permanently mtable onto a fluid system such as an air conditioning system and a connecting head temporarily attachable to the valve. Two embodiments are shown, in both of which the valve has a flange portion for mounting to the fluid system, and a boss portion. Each boss portion is internally bored and threaded and has a ball-ended setscrew, with the ball against the end of a hole through the flange. In one embodiment, the setscrew has slots through its threads, and the connecting head screws into the boss. In the other embodiment, holes are bored through the boss and the connected head screws onto external threads on the boss. Both connecting heads have a setscrew wrench inside, and an external knob for rotating or linearly moving the wrench, and have passageways through them to an external hose connection. When the setscrews are unscrewed, a fluid passageway exists between the hole through the flange and the external hose connection.

Abstract: A semiconductor substrate is bombarded by ions of sufficient energy to perate the surface of the substrate to some average predetermined depth. The substrate is then scanned by a laser beam having a small diameter compared to the substrate thickness and having sufficient energy to heat the substrate to the predetermined depth. The heat allows surface damage on the substrate from the ion bombardment to heal, and allows the ions and substrate to form a compound to the predetermined depth with controllable redistribution. This compound is the photodetector of the method. The ions may be implanted through a mask to produce isolated detector regions, or the entire substrate surface may be bombarded, and those regions not desired for detector regions may be removed by a laser beam of sufficient energy to cause evaporation of a layer of the substrate. Exemplary substrate and ions are respectively cadmium telluride and mercury.