Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to an apparatus that includes a stepper motor, a driver chip communicatively coupled to the stepper motor, an encoder communicatively coupled to the stepper motor, and a feedback controller communicatively coupled to the driver chip and the encoder. In an embodiment, the feedback controller includes a state space plant configured to receive a control signal and generate a vector including a position and velocity of the stepper motor. In an embodiment, the feedback controller further includes a pulse width modulation (PWM) converter configured to receive the vector and output a first PWM signal corresponding to a number of steps to drive the stepper motor and a second PWM signal corresponding to a direction of the number of steps of the stepper motor. In an embodiment, the feedback controller further includes a Luenberger observer configured to receive a feedback signal from the encoder.

Abstract: A linear accelerator. The linear accelerator may include a buncher to generate a bunched particle beam from a charged particle beam, and a plurality of acceleration stages, to accelerate the bunched particle beam. The linear accelerator may further include a phase control system, to individually measure a phase of an RF signal that is applied at a first frequency to a given acceleration stage of the plurality of acceleration stages. The phase control system may include an RF signal pickup assembly, comprising a plurality of RF signal detectors, arranged separately in the plurality of acceleration stages. The phase control system may further include a phase measurement circuit, to convert an RF pickup signal, received from an RF signal detector of the RF pickup assembly, into a digital baseband signal, for determining a phase of the RF signal.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include a sensor apparatus that includes a gas cell-body with a first end and a second end, and a light source coupled to the first end of the gas cell-body, where the light source is configured to emit electromagnetic radiation through the gas cell-body. In an embodiment, the sensor apparatus further includes a photonic detector system coupled to the second end of the gas cell-body, and a housing around the gas cell-body that is temperature controlled, where the photonic detector is outside the housing. The sensor apparatus may further include a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the photonic detector system or a temperature of the gas cell-body.

Abstract: In embodiments disclosed herein, a method for calibrating a photonic sensor includes collecting a plurality of concentration measurements with a photonic sensor with a plurality of different reference gas mixtures under various temperature and pressure environments, where each reference gas mixture includes a known species concentration, and implementing a parameter optimization routine to minimize deviations between the known species concentrations and the plurality of concentration measurements obtained by the photonic sensor, where the optimization routine generates one or more calibration constants. In an embodiment, the method may further include integrating the one or more calibration constants into a modified concentration formula, and storing the modified concentration formula in a controller used to operate the photonic sensor.

Abstract: A power supply control system includes a power generator for providing a signal to a load. The power generator includes a power controller controlling a power amplifier. The power generator includes an adaptive controller for varying the output signal controlling the power amplifier. The adaptive controller compares an error between a measured output and a predicted output to determine adaptive values applied to the power controller. The power generator also includes a sensor that generates an output signal that is digitized and processed. The sensor signal is mixed with a constant K. The constant K is varied to vary the processing of the sensor output signal. The value K may be commutated based on the phase, frequency, or both phase and frequency, and the bandwidth of K is determined by coupled power in the sensor output signal.

Abstract: A power supply control system includes a power generator for providing a signal to a load. The power generator includes a power controller controlling a power amplifier. The power generator includes an adaptive controller for varying the output signal controlling the power amplifier. The adaptive controller compares an error between a measured output and a predicted output to determine adaptive values applied to the power controller. The power generator also includes a sensor that generates an output signal that is digitized and processed. The sensor signal is mixed with a constant K. The constant K is varied to vary the processing of the sensor output signal. The value K may be commutated based on the phase, frequency, or both phase and frequency, and the bandwidth of K is determined by coupled power in the sensor output signal.

Abstract: A power supply control system includes a power generator for providing a signal to a load. The power generator includes a power controller controlling a power amplifier. The power generator includes an adaptive controller for varying the output signal controlling the power amplifier. The adaptive controller compares an error between a measured output and a predicted output to determine adaptive values applied to the power controller. The power generator also includes a sensor that generates an output signal that is digitized and processed. The sensor signal is mixed with a constant K. The constant K is varied to vary the processing of the sensor output signal. The value K may be commutated based on the phase, frequency, or both phase and frequency, and the bandwidth of K is determined by coupled power in the sensor output signal.

Abstract: A power supply control system includes a power generator for providing a signal to a load. The power generator includes a power controller controlling a power amplifier. The power generator includes an adaptive controller for varying the output signal controlling the power amplifier. The adaptive controller compares an error between a measured output and a predicted output to determine adaptive values applied to the power controller. The power generator also includes a sensor that generates an output signal that is digitized and processed. The sensor signal is mixed with a constant K. The constant K is varied to vary the processing of the sensor output signal. The value K may be commutated based on the phase, frequency, or both phase and frequency, and the bandwidth of K is determined by coupled power in the sensor output signal.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) generator includes a RF power source configured to generate an output signal at an output frequency. The RF generator includes a frequency tuning module. The frequency tuning module generates a frequency control signal that controls the output frequency of the RF power source. The frequency control signal includes a frequency tuning signal component and a perturbation signal component. The perturbation signal varies an electrical parameter of the output signal. The frequency tuning signal is adjusted in accordance with a change in output signal in response to the perturbation signal.

Abstract: A power supply control system includes a power generator for providing a signal to a load. The power generator includes a power controller controlling a power amplifier. The power generator includes an adaptive controller for varying the output signal controlling the power amplifier. The adaptive controller compares an error between a measured output and a predicted output to determine adaptive values applied to the power controller. The power generator also includes a sensor that generates an output signal that is digitized and processed. The sensor signal is mixed with a constant K. The constant K is varied to vary the processing of the sensor output signal. The value K may be commutated based on the phase, frequency, or both phase and frequency, and the bandwidth of K is determined by coupled power in the sensor output signal.