Abstract: Provided are lithium-sulfur batteries and ambient temperature sodium-sulfur batteries comprising defected material organic framework moieties that provide for improved absolute capacity and improved capacity retention. In some aspects, lithium-sulfur batteries and ambient temperature sodium-sulfur batteries comprise a cathode comprising defected metal organic framework moieties.

Abstract: A composition for producing electrodes for lithium-sulfur batteries includes particles having a metal-organic framework structure and composition that define voids within the metal-organic framework structure; sulfur loaded into at least some of the voids defined by the metal-organic framework structure of the particles; graphene flakes obtained by polymer enhanced solvent exfoliation; and polymer residue from the polymer enhanced solvent exfoliation. A method of producing a composite electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery according to an embodiment of the current invention includes obtaining a composition according to an embodiment of the current invention and applying the composition to a substrate. An electrode for a lithium-sulfur battery includes a layer having the composition. A lithium-sulfur battery according to an embodiment of the current invention includes the electrode.

Abstract: An electrode includes at least one of sulfur (S) or selenium (Se), and a functionalized metal organic framework (R-MOF), the functionalized metal organic framework (R-MOF) having a functional group (R) attached to an organic portion of a metal organic framework (MOF). The functionalized metal organic framework (R-MOF) is adapted to react with at least one of electrochemically accessible sulfur (S) or selenium (Se) to capture at least one of lithium polysulfide or sodium polysulfide via covalent attachment of sulfur (S) or selenium (Se), respectively, to the functional group (R) of the functionalized metal organic framework (R-MOF).

Abstract: Provided are lithium-sulfur batteries and ambient temperature sodium-sulfur batteries comprising defected material organic framework moieties that provide for improved absolute capacity and improved capacity retention. In some aspects, lithium-sulfur batteries and ambient temperature sodium-sulfur batteries comprise a cathode comprising defected metal organic framework moieties.

Abstract: Provided are lithium-sulfur batteries and ambient temperature sodium-sulfur batteries comprising defected material organic framework moieties that provide for improved absolute capacity and improved capacity retention. In some aspects, lithium-sulfur batteries and ambient temperature sodium-sulfur batteries comprise a cathode comprising defected metal organic framework moieties.