Abstract: A drug tracking device used in combination with a drug injection device. The drug tracking device may comprise a housing configured to engage with the drug injection device, an optical sensor configured to capture an image of a portion of the drug injection device. The portion of the drug injection device displays indicia of drug doses, such that a captured image includes at least one indicia of a drug dose. The drug tracking device may include a memory module having pre-stored indicia of drug doses, and a processor having instructions operating thereon configured to cause the processor to determine an injected drug dose by comparing at least one indicia of the drug dose in the captured image with the pre-stored indicia of drug doses.

Abstract: A system for determining codes of vehicle's Can-bus dashboard messages, each message being associated with a dashboard notification, comprising: (a) a message generator sequentially generating on the Can-bus different message codes selected from a reduced space from the Message-ID and the Data fields; (b) a message storage for storing each generated message code, together with its timestamp; (c) a camera capturing an image of the dashboard, in synchronization with each message generation; (d) an images storage storing images captured by the camera, each image with its respective timestamp; (e) a processor configured to (i) compare each captured image with a latest previously captured image within the storage; (ii) when a difference is found between any captured image and a latest previously captured image, and based on the image timestamp, associate the later captured image with the code of the respective generated message in said message storage having the same timestamp.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for authenticating a computerized sub-system of a vehicle, comprising: (A) at the vehicle: (a) a tele-processor configured to periodically record during a period T1 a flow of messages over a bus of the vehicle's sub-system, and to transmit periodically every period T2 the recorded flow of messages to a remote server via a transceiver; (B) at a remote authentication server: (b) a transceiver configured to receive each of said recorded flow of messages; (c) a profile generator configured to generate from each of said flow of messages a temporary profile; and (d) a comparator configured to compare each of said temporary profiles with a final profile which was previously created based on one or more of flows of messages within the vehicle's bus.

Abstract: A system for detecting malicious hardware on a data communication network, such as a vehicle CAN bus, is provided. The system includes a teleprocessing device, an AC signal generating device, and an impedance measuring device. In a preliminary step, a set of impedance measurements of N reference AC signals is formed, and a threshold value is set. The signal generating device injects a set of N AC signals into the network bus and the bus impedance for each of the N frequencies is measured, where a set of impedance values of N RT-signals is formed. Then, each of the impedance values of the RT-signals and the impedance values of the respective reference AC signal are statistically compared, to thereby form a set of N comparison-results. Upon determining that any of the impedance values of the RT-signals is greater than the threshold, an alert is activated.

Abstract: A system for preventing cyber security attacks over the CAN bus of a vehicle, from carrying out their plot. The system includes a teleprocessing device that is provided with the message identifier of at least one ECU to be blocked. The teleprocessing device is configured to read the message identifier of CAN messages, to thereby identify the at least one ECU to be blocked. Upon determining that the vehicle is under a cyber security attack, the ECU blocking device is activated. Upon identifying that a message was transmitted by the at least one ECU to be blocked, then during the CAN bus ‘bit monitoring’ process, before the at least one ECU to be blocked reads back the transmitted signal, the ECU blocking device alters one or more bits of the transmitted signal, to thereby force the message to be an erroneous CAN message.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for authenticating a computerized sub-system of a vehicle, comprising: (A) at the vehicle: (a) a tele-processor configured to periodically record during a period T1 a flow of messages over a bus of the vehicle's sub-system, and to transmit periodically every period T2 the recorded flow of messages to a remote server via a transceiver; (B) at a remote authentication server: (b) a transceiver configured to receive each of said recorded flow of messages; (c) a profile generator configured to generate from each of said flow of messages a temporary profile; and (d) a comparator configured to compare each of said temporary profiles with a final profile which was previously created based on one or more of flows of messages within the vehicle's bus.

Abstract: A system for detecting malicious hardware on a data communication network, such as a vehicle CAN bus, is provided. The system includes a teleprocessing device, an AC signal generating device, and an impedance measuring device. In a preliminary step, a set of impedance measurements of N reference AC signals is formed, and a threshold value is set. The signal generating device injects a set of N AC signals into the network bus and the bus impedance for each of the N frequencies is measured, where a set of impedance values of N RT-signals is formed. Then, each of the impedance values of the RT-signals and the impedance values of the respective reference AC signal are statistically compared, to thereby form a set of N comparison-results. Upon determining that any of the impedance values of the RT-signals is greater than the threshold, an alert is activated.

Abstract: A solar power generation system for providing a predetermined operating power level and predetermined operating voltage level requirement is provided. The system includes at least one solar-array panel. Each of the at least one solar-array panels includes a multiplicity of PV solar sub cells. A preconfigured number of the PV solar sub cells are electrically connected in series to form a serial-unit or each individual serial unit having just one PV solar sub cell, and a preconfigured number of the serial units are electrically connected in series to form a string of serial-units. The PV solar sub cells are also connected in parallel to neighboring sub cells to form a crisscross matrix array that facilitates bypassing malfunctioning serial units, thereby improving the performance of the system. A PV solar sub cell is at least 50% smaller in area than a regular PV solar cell.