Abstract: The present invention, in some embodiments thereof, relates to methods and compositions for delivering polynucleotides into plant cells having a cell wall, and, more particularly, but not exclusively, to methods of delivering dsRNA into plant cells and plants. In particular, the present invention provides compositions and methods for delivering the polynucleotides through the cell wall and enhancing fitness, vigor, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance.

Abstract: A method of enhancing resistance of a mosquito to a pathogen is disclosed. The method comprising administering to a mosquito an isolated nucleic acid agent comprising a nucleic acid sequence which specifically downregulates an expression of at least one mosquito or pathogen gene wherein a product of said mosquito or pathogen gene participates in infection and/or growth of the pathogen in the mosquito.

Abstract: A composition-of-matter for mosquito control is provided. The composition comprises a cell which comprises an exogenous naked dsRNA which specifically down-regulates expression of a gene being endogenous to a mosquito or which specifically down-regulated expression of a gene being endogenous to a mosquito pathogen. Further provided is a composition-of-matter for mosquito control, comprising a cell comprising a nucleic acid larvicide. Also provided are methods of producing and using the compositions.

Abstract: A method of controlling a pathogenically infected mosquito is disclosed. The method comprising administering to a larva of a mosquito an isolated nucleic acid agent comprising a nucleic acid sequence which specifically downregulates an expression of at least one mosquito pathogen resistance gene product of the mosquito, wherein downregulation of the expression of the at least one mosquito pathogen resistance gene in the larvae renders an adult stage of the mosquito lethally susceptible to the pathogen, thereby controlling the pathogenically infected mosquito.

Abstract: A method of enhancing larvicide susceptibility in a mosquito larva is provided. The method comprising introducing into the mosquito larva an isolated nucleic acid agent comprising a nucleic acid sequence which specifically reduces the expression of at least one larvicide resistance gene product of the larva, thereby enhancing larvicide susceptibility in said mosquito larva.