Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a microserpentine including a plurality of u-bends, each having a degree of completeness (?), in which an ? value of 0° corresponds to a semi-circular shape, and in which an ? value of +90° corresponds to a complete circle and ?90° corresponds to a straight shape. Each of the plurality of u-bends may have an ? value of from about ?35° to about 45°. The microserpentine may include a core coated with a conductive coating. The core may include a polymeric material. Various embodiments relate to microelectronic devices and methods of producing the same. The microelectronic devices may include but are not limited to a microelectrode array, a microelectronics packaging, an interconnect, a stretchable sensor, a wearable sensor, a wearable actuator, an in vitro sensor, an in vivo sensor, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a microelectrode platform that may be used for multiple biosystem applications including cell culturing techniques and biosensing. Also disclosed are microfabrication techniques for inexpensively producing microelectrode platforms.

Abstract: A method of forming a high-throughput, three-dimensional (3D) microelectrode array for in vitro electrophysiological applications includes 3D printing a well plate having a top face and bottom face. A plurality of culture well each includes a plurality of 3D printed, vertical microchannels and microtroughs communicating with the microchannels. The microtroughs and the microchannels are filled with a conductive paste to form self-isolated microelectrodes in each of the culture wells and conductive traces that communicate with the self-isolated microelectrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel 3D microelectrode arrays (3D MEA) that include a substrate body (e.g. chip), microneedles, traces, and a well, wherein the 3D MEA provides for transfer of electrical signals on one side of the substrate body to the other side of the substrate body. Methods for using 3D MEAs to grow electrogenic cells and obtain electrophysiological signals are disclosed as well. Fabrication techniques for producing the 3D MEAs are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for forming a biological microdevice includes applying a biocompatible coarse scale additive process with an additive device and a biocompatible material to form an object. The coarse scale is a dimension not less than about 100 ?m. The method also includes applying a biocompatible fine scale subtractive process with a subtractive device to the object. The fine scale is a dimension not greater than about 1000 ?m. The method also includes moving the object between the additive device and the subtractive device. A system is also provided for performing the above method and includes the additive device, the subtractive device, a means for transporting the object between the additive device and subtractive device and a processor with a memory including instructions to perform one or more of the above method steps.

Abstract: A high-throughput, three-dimensional microelectrode array for in vitro electrophysiological applications includes a 3D printed well plate having a top face and bottom face, and a plurality of culture wells formed on the top face of the well plate. Each culture well includes a plurality of vertical microchannels on the top face and microtroughs formed on the bottom face and communicating with the microchannels. A conductive paste fills the microtroughs and the microchannels and forms self-isolated microelectrodes in each culture well and conductive traces that communicate with the self-isolated microelectrodes.

Abstract: A method of forming a high-throughput, three-dimensional (3D) microelectrode array for in vitro electrophysiological applications includes 3D printing a well plate having a top face and bottom face. A plurality of culture well each includes a plurality of 3D printed, vertical microchannels and microtroughs communicating with the microchannels. The microtroughs and the microchannels are filled with a conductive paste to form self-isolated microelectrodes in each of the culture wells and conductive traces that communicate with the self-isolated microelectrodes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a microelectrode array for use in microengineered physiological systems and methods of using the same.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a microelectrode platform that may be used for multiple biosystem applications including cell culturing techniques and biosensing. Also disclosed are microfabrication techniques for inexpensively producing microelectrode platforms.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a microserpentine including a plurality of u-bends, each having a degree of completeness (?), in which an ? value of 0° corresponds to a semi-circular shape, and in which an ? value of +90° corresponds to a complete circle and ?90° corresponds to a straight shape. Each of the plurality of u-bends may have an ? value of from about ?35° to about 45°. The microserpentine may include a core coated with a conductive coating. The core may include a polymeric material. Various embodiments relate to microelectronic devices and methods of producing the same. The microelectronic devices may include but are not limited to a microelectrode array, a microelectronics packaging, an interconnect, a stretchable sensor, a wearable sensor, a wearable actuator, an in vitro sensor, an in vivo sensor, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a microelectrode platform that may be used for multiple biosystem applications including cell culturing techniques and biosensing. Also disclosed are microfabrication techniques for inexpensively producing microelectrode platforms.

Abstract: A method for forming a biological microdevice includes applying a biocompatible coarse scale additive process with an additive device and a biocompatible material to form an object. The coarse scale is a dimension not less than about 100 ?m. The method also includes applying a biocompatible fine scale subtractive process with a subtractive device to the object. The fine scale is a dimension not greater than about 1000 ?m. The method also includes moving the object between the additive device and the subtractive device. A system is also provided for performing the above method and includes the additive device, the subtractive device, a means for transporting the object between the additive device and subtractive device and a processor with a memory including instructions to perform one or more of the above method steps.