Abstract: The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35° C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60° C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

Abstract: The green synthesis of a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) silica (SiO2) nanocomposite using Nigella sativa seed extract includes mixing a quantity of carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into said solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a first suspension; stirring the first suspension while maintaining a temperature of said suspension to about 35° C.; adding plant seeds extract to the first suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60° C.; adding a second oxidant to said suspension to form the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles; isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation; suspending the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles in water; adding a solution comprising tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), concentrated aqueous ammonia solution and a plant seeds extract under ultrasonication; and increasing the temperature to about 90° C.

Abstract: The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35° C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60° C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

Abstract: The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35° C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60° C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

Abstract: The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35° C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60° C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

Abstract: The synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles includes the steps of: mixing soot with an acid to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the carbon source and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining a temperature of the suspension at about 35° C.; raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60° C.; adding water into the solution; adding a second oxidant into the suspension while stirring resulting in the oxidation of the carbon source to form the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles; and isolating the resulting reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation. The acid is preferably an acid mixture including, for example, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). The first and second oxidants can be potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Abstract: The flexible solar panel includes a polymer matrix and a plant extract incorporated in the polymer matrix. The plant extract can be an extract of chard (B. vulgaris subsp. cicla) including an organic dye. The plant extract can include chloroplasts. The polymer matrix may be formed from either poly(vinyl alcohol) or polystyrene. The flexible solar panel can be green.

Abstract: A method of preparing Adansonia digitata nanoparticles includes dissolving Adansonia digitata plant powder in an organic solvent to form a solution; spraying the solution in boiling water while applying ultrasonic energy to form a mixture; and stirring the mixture for at least about 15 minutes at a speed of about 200-800 rpm to obtain the Adansonia digitata nanoparticles.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar panel includes a titanium nanoparticle layer and a plant-derived photo-sensitizer supported on the titanium nanoparticle layer. The photo-sensitizer can be extracted from chard (the cicla cultivar group of B. vulgaris subsp. cicla), and the titanium nanoparticle layer includes titanium nanoparticles synthesized using henna (Lawsonia inermis). The titanium nanoparticle layer can, in addition to titanium nanoparticles, include zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Abstract: The dye-sensitized solar panel includes a metal oxide layer and an organic photosensitizing dye on the metal oxide layer. The organic photosensitizing dye is extracted from chard (B. vulgaris subsp. cicla), and the metal oxide layer is composed of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using B. vulgaris subsp. cicla dye as a reducing agent. A working electrode is mounted on a first transparent substrate. The working electrode includes a metal electrode and the metal oxide layer formed thereon. A counter electrode is mounted on a second transparent substrate. An electrolyte is sandwiched between the working electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: A dye-sensitized solar panel includes a titanium nanoparticle layer and a plant-derived photo-sensitizer supported on the titanium nanoparticle layer. The photo-sensitizer can be extracted from chard (B. vulgaris subsp. cicla), and the titanium nanoparticle layer includes titanium nanoparticles synthesized using henna (Lawsonia inermis). The titanium nanoparticle layer can, in addition to titanium nanoparticles, include zinc oxide nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method of preparing metal nanoparticles from fungi includes preparing a biomass of fungal cells; providing an aqueous solution including a metal salt; mixing the biomass of fungal cells with the aqueous solution of metal salt; and incubating the resulting mixture at a temperature range of 35° C. to 60° C. to produce the metal nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method of preparing hesperetin nanoparticles includes dissolving hesperetin in an organic solvent to form a solution; spraying the solution in boiling water while applying ultrasonic energy to form a mixture; and stirring the mixture for at least about 15 minutes at a speed of about 200-800 rpm to obtain the hesperetin nanoparticles.

Abstract: The green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles using Nigella sativa seed extract comprises the steps of mixing a quantity of soot or other carbon source in an acid solution while stirring to obtain a solution; adding a first oxidant gradually into the solution to oxidize the soot and obtain a suspension; stirring the suspension while maintaining the temperature of the suspension at about 35° C.; adding Nigella sativa seed extract to the suspension while raising the temperature of the suspension to about 60° C.; adding hydrogen peroxide to the suspension; and isolating the reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles by centrifugation.

Abstract: A method of preparing naringenin nanoparticles comprises dissolving naringenin in an organic solvent to form a solution; adding the solution to boiling water under ultrasonic conditions to form a mixture; and stirring the mixture to obtain the naringenin nanoparticles. The organic solvent can be at least one of methanol, ethanol, dichloromethane and chloroform. Ultrasonic conditions can include applying ultrasonic energy at a frequency of 30-60 kHz and a power of 100 watts for about 20-30 minutes to the mixture.

Abstract: The method of treating diabetic wounds using biosynthesized nanoparticles includes administering an effective amount of silver and gold nanoparticles to a patient in need thereof. The silver and gold nanocomposite is prepared by ‘biosynthesis”, i.e., by providing a first aqueous solution of a noble metal salt or a noble metal oxide; providing a second solution of an aqueous plant extract, and combining the first solution and the second solution to produce a solution including nanoparticles of the noble metal. The second solution includes a plant extract obtained from Solenostemma argel, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Cinnamomum cassia. The metal salt can include silver nitrate (AgNO3) and chloroauric acid (HAuCl4). Nanoparticles of gold and nanoparticles of silver are prepared separately, and then mixed to obtain a composition containing a gold and silver nanocomposite.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing nanoparticles using a plant extract can include providing a first solution comprising a metal salt or a metal oxide, providing a second solution including extract from orange peel, and combining the first solution and the second solution to produce a nanoparticle solution including metal nanoparticles or metal oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticle solution can be used to produce a crystal nanoparticle powder, a non-crystal nanoparticle powder, and/or a metal-polymer nanocomposite wherein the polymer is polystyrene (PS) or poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA).

Abstract: A method of preparing rosemary nanoparticles includes providing a solution including rosemary extract, spraying the rosemary extract solution into boiling water under ultrasonic conditions to produce a sonicated mixture, and freeze-drying the sonicated mixture to produce rosemary nanoparticles. The rosemary nanoparticles and encapsulated rosemary nanoparticles with polymers can have a particle size of about 69 nm to about 99 nm. The rosemary nanoparticles and encapsulated rosemary nanoparticles with polymers can be prepared without the use of metals.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing a nanocomposite film including starch nanofibers includes preparing nanofibers from starch, mixing the starch nanofibers with a drug to form a first mixture, adding water to the mixture to provide an aqueous solution, adding hydrochloric acid (HCl) and glycerol to the aqueous solution to provide a second mixture, maintaining the second mixture in a water bath, and drying the second mixture to form a nanocomposite film including starch nanofibers. The drug can be a drug including carboxylic groups. The drug can be acetyl salicylic acid (AsA). The film can be a nano starch/AsA composite film or nanocomposite film. The nanocomposite film can be used as a drug carrier and, thereby, improve drug delivery.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for preparing noble metal nanoparticles, comprising the following steps: a) preparing an Olea Europaea fruit extract; b) preparing an Acacia Nilotica extract; c) mixing the Olea Europaea fruit extract and the Acacia Nilotica extract for preparing a mixed extract; d) providing an aqueous solution containing a noble metal compound dissolved therein; e) mixing the mixed extract obtained in step c) and the aqueous solution of step d) to form noble metal nanoparticles; noble metal nanoparticles obtained thereby and their use.