Abstract: A formed or non-flat formed glass is provided that exhibits high transmittance to electromagnetic radiation in a range of wavelengths from 200 nm to 1500 nm. The transmittance for the formed or non-flat formed glass having a thickness of 1 mm is 20% or more at a wavelength of 254 nm, 82% or more at a wavelength of 300 nm, 90% or more at a wavelength of 350 nm, 92% or more at a wavelength of 546 nm, 92.5% or more at a wavelength of 1400 nm, 91.5% or more in a wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm, and 92.5% or more in a wavelength range from 780 nm to 1500 nm.

Abstract: A flat glass is provided that exhibits high transmittance to electromagnetic radiation in a range of wavelengths from 200 nm to 1500 nm. The transmittance for the flat glass having a thickness of 1 mm is 20% or more at a wavelength of 254 nm, 82% or more at a wavelength of 300 nm, 90% or more at a wavelength of 350 nm, 92% or more at a wavelength of 546 nm, 92.5% or more at a wavelength of 1400 nm, 91.5% or more in a wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm, and 92.5% or more in a wavelength range from 780 nm to 1500 nm.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining the thermal expansion of a low thermal expansion material with very high accuracy of at most +/?3 ppb/K or less and/or with a reproducibility of at most +/?1 ppb/K or less. A measuring device is also provided that includes an advanced push rod dilatometer.

Abstract: A flat glass is provided that exhibits high transmittance to electromagnetic radiation in a range of wavelengths from 200 nm to 1500 nm. The transmittance for the flat glass having a thickness of 1 mm is 20% or more at a wavelength of 254 nm, 82% or more at a wavelength of 300 nm, 90% or more at a wavelength of 350 nm, 92% or more at a wavelength of 546 nm, 92.5% or more at a wavelength of 1400 nm, 91.5% or more in a wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm, and 92.5% or more in a wavelength range from 780 nm to 1500 nm.

Abstract: A method is provided for determining the thermal expansion of a low thermal expansion material with very high accuracy of at most +/?3 ppb/K or less and/or with a reproducibility of at most +/?1 ppb/K or less. A measuring device is also provided that includes an advanced push rod dilatometer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gravity bending oven for glass panes, provided with several heating groups (5) (16) which are arranged in a cistern-shaped oven lower part (1) and a cover-shaped oven upper-part (2), and heat insulation (8) arranged on the inside of the oven walls (7). According to the invention, a plurality of channels (9) are arranged in the heat insulation, said channels being cross-flown by a heat transfer medium and are used to guide heat away from the heat insulation. The invention also relates to a gravity bending method for glass panes, which can be carried out, preferably, using said type of oven.

Abstract: A photovoltaic module having a fluoride-containing covering, substrate or superstrate glass is disclosed. The weight ratio X of the iron content to the fluorine content is preferably from 0.001 to 0.6. The glass to which fluoride has been added can be any glass suitable for photovoltaic modules, for example a soda-lime glass, a borosilicate glass or an aluminosilicate glass.

Abstract: The invention describes a glass and a glass-ceramic which at least includes the constituents SiO2, Al2O3 and Y2O3 and is preferably doped with rare earth ions. The weight ratio between the weight of Y2O3 and the total weight of SiO2, Al2O3 and Y2O3 is at least 0.2, preferably at least 0.4 or more. The rare earth ions can preferably be incorporated in crystal phases which are precipitated out of glass with a high yttrium content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photovoltaic device having a concentrator optics. The photovoltaic device includes at least one solar cell and a concentrator optics, with the concentrator optics having at least one first, light-input-side, focusing optical element and at least one second optical element downstream of the first, light-input-side optical element and upstream of the solar cell, onto which, in operating position of the photovoltaic device, the bundled solar radiation falls by way of the first optical element, with the second optical element having a solarization-stabilized silicate glass.

Abstract: The transparent polycrystalline optoceramic has single grains with a symmetric cubic crystal structure and at least one optically active center. The optoceramic has the following formula: A2+xByDzE7, wherein ?1.15?x?0, 0?y?3, 0?z?1.6, and 3x+4y+5z=8, and wherein A is at least one trivalent rare earth cation, B is at least one tetravalent cation, D is at least one pentavalent cation, and E is at least one divalent anion. The method of making the optoceramic includes preparing a powder mixture from starting materials, pre-sintering, sintering and then compressing to form the optoceramic. Scintillator media made from the optoceramic are also described.

Abstract: The method determines laser stability of an optical material, which is suitable for making an optical element through which high-energy light passes. The method includes pre-irradiation to produce radiation damage and measurement of the resulting induced non-intrinsic fluorescence. The method is distinguished by excitation of induced fluorescence immediately after pre-irradiation and after at least ten minutes after pre-irradiation with light of a wavelength between 350 and 810 nm, and measurement and quantitative evaluation of fluorescence intensities at wavelengths between 550 nm and 810 nm. Especially laser-stable optical materials, particularly CaF2 crystals, have a normalized difference (Z) of the fluorescence intensities measured at a first time immediately after pre-irradiation and at a second time at least ten minutes after the pre-irradiation, as calculated by the following equation (1): Z=(I2,?1,?2?I1,?1,?2)I2,?1,?2??(1), which is less than 0.3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-functional calibration system (10) for characterizing luminescence measurement systems, in particular spectrally resolving, wide-field and/or confocal imaging systems, with (a) a baseplate (12), (b) at least one calibration module (24) arranged on the baseplate (12) and including at least one calibration and/or characterization function, and (c) at least one focusing device (20) integrated in the baseplate (12) with a focusing surface (22) for setting a defined measurement beam focus of the luminescence measurement systems to be calibrated, the focusing surface (22) arranged in a common plane with the at least one calibration module (24).

Abstract: The invention relates to a sheet glass oven, in particular for tempering glass panes including a lower oven part provided with stove rollers for transporting the temperable glass panes, where the axes of rotation of the oven rollers are arranged substantially in a perpendicular position to the direction of a glass pane extension. The oven also includes a top oven part having a central section and a lid. The oven is also provided with lower heating groups and top heating groups, where the heating groups extend under the oven rollers and the top heating groups extend thereabove and are formed by electric heat resistances.

Abstract: The invention discloses a standard for referencing luminescence signals, having an optically transparent base material comprising a lanthanum phosphate glass, a fluorophosphate glass, a fluor-crown glass, a lanthanum glass, a glass-ceramic formed therefrom or a lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramic, the base material including a bulk doping with at least one constituent which is luminescent and comprises at least one rare earth and/or a nonferrous metal, in particular cobalt, chromium or manganese.

Abstract: The method determines laser stability of an optical material, which is suitable for making an optical element through which high-energy light passes. The method includes pre-irradiation to produce radiation damage and measurement of the resulting induced non-intrinsic fluorescence. The method is distinguished by excitation of induced fluorescence immediately after pre-irradiation and after at least ten minutes after pre-irradiation with light of a wavelength between 350 and 810 nm, and measurement and quantitative evaluation of fluorescence intensities at wavelengths between 550 nm and 810 nm. Especially laser-stable optical materials, particularly CaF2 crystals, have a normalized difference (Z) of the fluorescence intensities measured at a first time immediately after pre-irradiation and at a second time at least ten minutes after the pre-irradiation, as calculated by the following equation (1): Z=(I2,?1,?2?I1,?1,?2)I2,?1,?2, ??(1) which is less than 0.3.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-functional calibration system (10) for characterizing luminescence measurement systems, in particular spectrally resolving, wide-field and/or confocal imaging systems, with (a) a baseplate (12), (b) at least one calibration module (24) arranged on the baseplate (12) and including at least one calibration and/or characterization function, and (c) at least one focusing device (20) integrated in the baseplate (12) with a focusing surface (22) for setting a defined measurement beam focus of the luminescence measurement systems to be calibrated, the focusing surface (22) arranged in a common plane with the at least one calibration module (24).

Abstract: The invention describes a solid-state light source comprising a solid-state emitter designed for emitting light energy, which preferably has an LED, a luminescent light conversion medium, made from glass or glass ceramics, for converting emitted light energy to light energy of a different frequency spectrum, and a coupling medium for decoupling the light energy to an ambient medium, such as air, the light conversion medium having a refractive index ncs, selected as a function of the refractive index nHL of the solid-state emitter in the range of 0.7·(nHL2)1/3 to 1.3·(nHL2)1/3.

Abstract: The invention discloses a standard for referencing luminescence signals, having an optically transparent base material comprising a lanthanum phosphate glass, a fluorophosphate glass, a fluor-crown glass, a lanthanum glass, a glass-ceramic formed therefrom or a lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramic, the base material including a bulk doping with at least one constituent which is luminescent and comprises at least one rare earth and/or a nonferrous metal, in particular cobalt, chromium or manganese.

Abstract: The invention discloses a standard for referencing luminescence signals, having an optically transparent base material comprising a lanthanum phosphate glass, a fluorophosphate glass, a fluor-crown glass, a lanthanum glass, a glass-ceramic formed therefrom or a lithium aluminosilicate glass-ceramic, the base material including a bulk doping with at least one constituent which is luminescent and comprises at least one rare earth and/or a nonferrous metal, in particular cobalt, chromium or manganese.

Abstract: The invention describes a glass and a glass-ceramic which at least includes the constituents SiO2, Al2O3 and Y2O3 and is preferably doped with rare earth ions. The weight ratio between the weight of Y2O3 and the total weight of SiO2, Al2O3 and Y2O3 is at least 0.2, preferably at least 0.4 or more. The rare earth ions can preferably be incorporated in crystal phases which are precipitated out of glass with a high yttrium content. (FIG. 2).