Abstract: A medical cutting device for creating thin slices, has a device body, a cover, a working section which rigidly adjoins a connecting section, and a recess on the top side, which is enclosed by a delimiting ridge. The cover comprises a counterpart to the connecting section adjoined by a pressure section which is positioned opposite the recess at a distance da, and therefore a guide slot extending between the working section and the pressure section remains free for a cutting blade. The distance of the guide slot to the bottom surface of the recess, which is defined by the distance da, defines the thickness, which can be achieved, of a slice to be created. The cutting blade is disposed within the guide slot and is rigidly connected to a rotatable shaft extending perpendicularly to the plane of the guide slot and extends through a recess in the cover.

Abstract: An ossicular prosthesis has a head plate as a first fastening element, a second fastening element for the mechanical connection to the ossicular chain, or to the inner ear, and a connecting element. The head plate has a central coupling region and radially outward extending bridging elements which are connected to the coupling region via a radially inner end region and each transition into an outer free end section. The bridging elements are connected to the coupling region so that they fold together upon introduction of a force component parallel to the longitudinal axis, wherein their end sections are pivoted radially closer to the longitudinal axis and thereby also execute an axial movement. The bridging elements, without this force, extend from the coupling region at a predefined, fixed angle. The prosthesis can be inserted into the middle ear of the patient more easily and through a much smaller artificial opening.

Abstract: A medical cutting device for creating thin slices, has a device body, a cover, a working section which rigidly adjoins a connecting section, and a recess on the top side, which is enclosed by a delimiting ridge. The cover comprises a counterpart to the connecting section adjoined by a pressure section which is positioned opposite the recess at a distance da, and therefore a guide slot extending between the working section and the pressure section remains free for a cutting blade. The distance of the guide slot to the bottom surface of the recess, which is defined by the distance da, defines the thickness, which can be achieved, of a slice to be created. The cutting blade is disposed within the guide slot and is rigidly connected to a rotatable shaft extending perpendicularly to the plane of the guide slot and extends through a recess in the cover.

Abstract: An ossicular prosthesis has a head plate as a first fastening element, a second fastening element for the mechanical connection to the ossicular chain, or to the inner ear, and a connecting element. The head plate has a central coupling region and radially outward extending bridging elements which are connected to the coupling region via a radially inner end region and each transition into an outer free end section. The bridging elements are connected to the coupling region so that they fold together upon introduction of a force component parallel to the longitudinal axis, wherein their end sections are pivoted radially closer to the longitudinal axis and thereby also execute an axial movement. The bridging elements, without this force, extend from the coupling region at a predefined, fixed angle. The prosthesis can be inserted into the middle ear of the patient more easily and through a much smaller artificial opening.

Abstract: A passive ossicular prosthesis includes a first and second fastening element for connection to the tympanic membrane. A connecting element connects the fastening elements in a sound-conducting manner. The connecting element includes a receiving part and an insertion part. The insertion part is inserted into a receiving opening of the receiving part. The receiving part encloses an end section of the insertion part in the manner of a clamp by way of two opposing, parallel legs disposed parallel to a shank axis of the connecting element. The legs have catch devices that fix the enclosed end section discrete spatial positions relative to the shank axis.

Abstract: A passive ossicular prosthesis includes a first and second fastening element for connection to the tympanic membrane. A connecting element connects the fastening elements in a sound-conducting manner. The connecting element includes a receiving part and an insertion part. The insertion part is inserted into a receiving opening of the receiving part. The receiving part encloses an end section of the insertion part in the manner of a clamp by way of two opposing, parallel legs disposed parallel to a shank axis of the connecting element. The legs have catch devices that fix the enclosed end section discrete spatial positions relative to the shank axis.

Abstract: A method for performing an intake manifold injection for at least one combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, at least one intake valve being connected to an intake port, at least one exhaust valve and at least one injector being assigned to at least one combustion chamber, fuel being injected into the at least one intake port by the at least one injector during an injection time, the injection time being started after the closing of the at least one exhaust valve and terminated before the closing of the at least one intake valve for performing the method.

Abstract: A method for performing an intake manifold injection for at least one combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, at least one intake valve being connected to an intake port, at least one exhaust valve and at least one injector being assigned to at least one combustion chamber, fuel being injected into the at least one intake port by the at least one injector during an injection time, the injection time being started after the closing of the at least one exhaust valve and terminated before the closing of the at least one intake valve for performing the method.

Abstract: A process for detecting a state of a catalyst system installed in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, through which catalyst system exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine flows so that the exhaust gas can be purified, the process including the steps of: detecting at least one operating parameter of the catalyst system over a predetermined time period, determining a total energy output of the internal combustion engine within the predetermined time period, and calculating a characteristic value (k) based on a ratio of the at least one operating parameter to the total energy output.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for monitoring the functioning of an NOx sensor, which is arranged in an exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine and is located downstream from an NOx storage catalytic converter. The aim of the invention is to detect the faulty functioning of the NOx sensor in a simple manner in order to be able to take appropriate measures if necessary. To this end, the mass of NOx absorbed by the NOx storage catalytic converter is determined within a diagnostic period using a measurement signal of the NOx sensor. At the same time, an absorbed NOx target mass is calculated using a model for the NOx storage catalytic converter. A ratio of the NOx mass to the NOx target mass is then compared to predetermined limit values to determine the functioning of the NOx sensor. The aim of the invention is alternatively accomplished by measuring a duration time for a complete NOx regeneration of the NOx storage catalytic converter.

Abstract: An NOx concentration in exhaust gas is measured downstream of an NOx storage converter. For determining an operating state, particularly damage to the NOx storage converter, when the NOx storage converter switches from an absorption mode to a regeneration mode, the values of characteristic features of an NOx desorption peak in the time curve of the NOx concentration are ascertained and compared to predetermined test patterns, with a comparison result being formed, from which a converter-state signal that characterizes the operating state of the NOx converter is determined.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for monitoring the operation of a NOx storage catalytic converter in the exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine. The NOx content of the gas stream upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter is measured and used to determine storage efficiency. This is compared to a threshold value, and if the threshold value is not met a regeneration process is performed. The storage value is measured after regeneration to determine if the catalytic converter is faulty.

Abstract: The invention lies in a method and an apparatus for controlling the regeneration of an NOx, storage converter disposed in the exhaust-gas system of an internal-combustion engine and can be operated in an absorption mode and a regeneration mode, with operating parameters of the internal-combustion engine being changed as a function of the operating state of the NOx storage converter. The NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is measured downstream of the NOx storage converter. For determining the operating state, particularly damage to the NOx storage converter, when the NOx storage converter switches from the absorption mode to the regeneration mode, the values of characteristic features of an NOx desorption peak in the time curve of the NOx concentration are ascertained and compared to predetermined test patterns, with a comparison result being formed, from which a converter-state signal that characterizes the operating state of the NOx converter is determined.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for monitoring the operation of a NOx storage catalytic converter in the exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine. The NOx content of the gas stream upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter is measured and used to determine storage efficiency. This is compared to a threshold value, and if the threshold value is not met a regeneration process is performed. The storage value is measured after regeneration to determine if the catalytic converter is faulty.