Abstract: An in-vehicle air conditioning device includes a plurality of air conditioning openings provided for each of a plurality of seats of the vehicle at at least one of an upper part and a lower part of the vehicle corresponding to each seat; a plurality of airflow generators that are provided for each of the air conditioning openings and generate an airflow discharged from the air conditioning openings while controlling a temperature and an amount of the airflow; and a controller that individually controls the plurality of airflow generators, wherein at least some of the plurality of airflow generators include an air volume distribution adjustor adjusts planar distribution of a volume of air that passes through the air volume distribution adjustor, and wherein the controller control an amount of the planar distribution of the volume of air adjusted by the air volume distribution adjustor.

Abstract: An image forming method of the present invention sequentially transfers toner images formed on image carrier to an intermediate image transfer body one above the other to thereby form a multicolor toner image. An image transfer roller faces the inside surface of the intermediate image transfer body for applying an image transfer bias when a toner image is transferred from the image carrier to the intermediate image transfer body. Rollers are positioned at both sides of the image transfer roller in the axial direction of the image transfer roller in order to control a nip width over which the image carrier and intermediate image transfer body contact each other during image transfer.

Abstract: A charge removing unit is provided in order to control the surface potential of an image bearing element by removing charge from a surface of the image bearing element before a toner image is transferred from the image bearing element to a transfer medium. Surface potential controlling units are provided upstream of a contact area between the image bearing element and the transfer medium in order to control the surface potential of the transfer medium so that a toner on the image bearing element does not shift to the transfer medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes an image carrier on which a toner image is to be formed, and a sheet support member for conveying a sheet, carrying the toner image thereon, in cooperation with the image carrier. The image carrier and sheet support member are driven such that their surfaces move in the same direction, as seen at a contact position where the two surfaces face each other via the sheet. An electric field, forcing the toner image toward the image carrier, and an electric field, forcing it toward the sheet, are formed between the surface of the image carrier and that of the sheet at positions upstream and downstream, respectively, of the contact position in the direction of movement of the sheet.

Abstract: An image forming method of the present invention sequentially transfers toner images formed on image carrier to an intermediate image transfer body one above the other to thereby form a multicolor toner image. An image transfer roller faces the inside surface of the intermediate image transfer body for applying an image transfer bias when a toner image is transferred from the image carrier to the intermediate image transfer body. Rollers are positioned at both sides of the image transfer roller in the axial direction of the image transfer roller in order to control a nip width over which the image carrier and intermediate image transfer body contact each other during image transfer.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of developing units accommodates toner of different color. Toner images of the different colors are formed on corresponding image carriers and sequentially transferred onto an image transfer medium. Toner remaining on the image carriers is recovered after transfer of toner image of particular color. The toner recovered is supplied to corresponding developing unit for reuse. A controller controls the operation of the image forming apparatus. The controller starts a self-diagnosis mode when receiving an interruption signal. The self-diagnosis mode includes detecting how the toners of different colors are mixed in each developing unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes an image carrier on which a toner image is to be formed, and a sheet support member for conveying a sheet, carrying the toner image thereon, in cooperation with the image carrier. The image carrier and sheet support member are driven such that their surfaces move in the same direction, as seen at a contact position where the two surfaces face each other via the sheet. An electric field, forcing the toner image toward the image carrier, and an electric field, forcing it toward the sheet, are formed between the surface of the image carrier and that of the sheet at positions upstream and downstream, respectively, of the contact position in the direction of movement of the sheet.

Abstract: A charge removing unit is provided in order to control the surface potential of an image bearing element by removing charge from a surface of the image bearing element before a toner image is transferred from the image bearing element to a transfer medium. Surface potential controlling units are provided upstream of a contact area between the image bearing element and the transfer medium in order to control the surface potential of the transfer medium so that a toner on the image bearing element does not shift to the transfer medium.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of developing units accommodates toner of different color. Toner images of the different colors are formed on corresponding image carriers and sequentially transferred onto an image transfer medium. Toner remaining on the image carriers is recovered after transfer of toner image of particular color. The toner recovered is supplied to corresponding developing unit for reuse. A controller controls the operation of the image forming apparatus. The controller starts a self-diagnosis mode when receiving an interruption signal. The self-diagnosis mode includes detecting how the toners of different colors are mixed in each developing unit.