Abstract: A liquid ejection head being for liquid suction and wipe operations and enabling diaphragm plates to achieve proper amounts of displacement with low drive voltage includes first and second substrates. Ejection ports for ejecting liquid are provided at a flat first surface of the first substrate. Drive elements are provided on a second surface of the first substrate. The second substrate is joined to the second surface of the first substrate, forming pressure chambers configured to be supplied with liquid. Pressure-chamber forming portions of the first substrate form the diaphragm plates. The liquid in the pressure chambers is ejected from the ejection ports upon displacement of the diaphragm plates. The second surface of the first substrate includes the drive elements and is uneven. In the diaphragm plates, second regions surrounding first regions provided with the ejection ports have lower rigidity than the first regions.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes lamination in the enumerated order of an ejection port forming board including ejection ports that eject a liquid, a pressure chamber forming board including pressure chambers which are provided corresponding to the respective ejection ports and contain the liquid to be ejected from the ejection ports, a liquid supplying board including a first common flow channel communicating with a first number of the pressure chambers in common and a second common flow channel communicating with a second number, which is smaller than the first number, of the pressure chambers in common, and a damper region forming board including a first damper region for reducing a pressure fluctuation in the first common flow channel and a second damper region for reducing a pressure fluctuation in the second common flow channel. The first damper region is larger than the second damper region.

Abstract: A liquid ejection substrate including a lamination of a support substrate, a first bonding member, a flexible member having a sheet-like shape, a second bonding member, and a channel substrate having a channel through which a liquid is guided to a nozzle, in which the support substrate has a depressed portion at a position corresponding to at least a part of the channel provided to the channel substrate, and the flexible member is disposed between the channel and the depressed portion, and the first bonding member and the second bonding member are in partial contact with each other.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a discharge port to discharge a liquid, and a liquid chamber to communicate with the discharge port, and further includes a vibrating plate, and a piezoelectric element. The vibrating plate is disposed on a surface of the liquid chamber on a side facing a surface communicating with the discharge port, and includes a plurality of layers stacked in a layered structure. The piezoelectric element is disposed on a second surface of the vibrating plate being a back surface of a first surface of the vibrating plate in contact with the liquid chamber. The vibrating plate has a recessed portion surrounded by a bottom surface and four lateral surfaces intersecting with the bottom surface on the first surface. The recessed portion penetrates through a first layer having the first surface among the plurality of layers of the vibrating plates.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head according to the present disclosure is a liquid ejection head including a liquid ejection substrate having: a nozzle substrate having multiple nozzles that eject a liquid; a channel substrate having multiple pressure chambers respectively communicating with the multiple nozzles, multiple individual channels respectively communicating with the multiple pressure chambers, multiple pressure generation units that respectively generate a pressure in the multiple pressure chambers, and a common channel communicating with the multiple individual channels; and a damper substrate having a damper film disposed so as to face a surface of the damper substrate facing an opening plane of a channel communicating with the common channel, and a damper chamber one side of which is covered by the damper film. The liquid ejection substrate includes an atmospheric communication port through which an inside of the damper chamber communicates with atmosphere.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head including an ejection port forming part, a flow path forming part including a liquid chamber, and an individual supply flow path configured to supply liquid to the liquid chamber, and a substrate including a supply flow path configured to supply liquid to the individual supply flow path and an outflow flow path configured to cause liquid to flow out of the liquid chamber, wherein a height of the individual supply flow path is larger than a height from a surface of the liquid chamber facing the ejection port to the ejection port forming member, and when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, a sidewall surface of the liquid chamber on a side with the supply flow path (1) coincides with an end surface of the ejection port, or (2) is disposed within the ejection port.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection module capable of enhancing the strength of an orifice plate while achieving favorable ejection operation at each ejection port. To that end, the liquid ejection module includes a functional layer in which a plurality of energy generating elements are arranged, a flow channel forming layer in which pressure chambers, individual flow channels, and a common flow channel are formed, and an orifice plate having ejection ports formed therein. The functional layer, the flow channel forming layer and the orifice plate are stacked. In the flow channel forming layer, a beam is formed, extending from a flow channel wall of the common flow channel toward the individual flow channels and supporting the orifice plate in a region facing a first opening.

Abstract: An image generating apparatus generates an image to be displayed on a display and includes at least one memory and a control circuit. The control circuit acquires a plurality of camera images captured by a plurality of cameras installed in a vehicle, calculates a distance between one of the cameras and a target to be projected in in the camera images, detects a position of a light-transmissive object or a reflective object in the camera images, and generates an image from a point of view that is different from points of view of the plurality of camera images by using the plurality of camera images and the distance, the generated image including a predetermined image that is displayed at the position of the light-transmissive object or the reflective object.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection head being suitable for liquid suction and wipe operations and enabling diaphragm plates to achieve proper amounts of displacement with low drive voltage. The liquid ejection head includes first and second substrates. Ejection ports for ejecting liquid are provided at a flat first surface of the first substrate. Drive elements are provided on a second surface of the first substrate. The second substrate is joined to the second surface of the first substrate, forming pressure chambers configured to be supplied with liquid. Pressure-chamber forming portions of the first substrate form diaphragm plates. The liquid in the pressure chambers is ejected from the ejection ports upon displacement of the diaphragm plates. The second surface of the first substrate includes the drive elements and is uneven. In the diaphragm plate, second regions surrounding first regions provided with the ejection ports have lower rigidity than the first regions.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a discharge port to discharge a liquid, and a liquid chamber to communicate with the discharge port, and further includes a vibrating plate, and a piezoelectric element. The vibrating plate is disposed on a surface of the liquid chamber on a side facing a surface communicating with the discharge port, and includes a plurality of layers stacked in a layered structure. The piezoelectric element is disposed on a second surface of the vibrating plate being a back surface of a first surface of the vibrating plate in contact with the liquid chamber. The vibrating plate has a recessed portion surrounded by a bottom surface and four lateral surfaces intersecting with the bottom surface on the first surface. The recessed portion penetrates through a first layer having the first surface among the plurality of layers of the vibrating plates.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head including an ejection port forming part, a flow path forming part including a liquid chamber, and an individual supply flow path configured to supply liquid to the liquid chamber, and a substrate including a supply flow path configured to supply liquid to the individual supply flow path and an outflow flow path configured to cause liquid to flow out of the liquid chamber, wherein a height of the individual supply flow path is larger than a height from a surface of the liquid chamber facing the ejection port to the ejection port forming member, and when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, a sidewall surface of the liquid chamber on a side with the supply flow path (1) coincides with an end surface of the ejection port, or (2) is disposed within the ejection port.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection module capable of enhancing the strength of an orifice plate while achieving favorable ejection operation at each ejection port. To that end, the liquid ejection module includes a functional layer in which a plurality of energy generating elements are arranged, a flow channel forming layer in which pressure chambers, individual flow channels, and a common flow channel are formed, and an orifice plate having ejection ports formed therein. The functional layer, the flow channel forming layer and the orifice plate are stacked. In the flow channel forming layer, a beam is formed, extending from a flow channel wall of the common flow channel toward the individual flow channels and supporting the orifice plate in a region facing a first opening.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection module capable of enhancing the strength of an orifice plate while achieving favorable ejection operation at each ejection port. To that end, the liquid ejection module includes a functional layer in which a plurality of energy generating elements are arranged, a flow channel forming layer in which pressure chambers, individual flow channels, and a common flow channel are formed, and an orifice plate having ejection ports formed therein. The functional layer, the flow channel forming layer and the orifice plate are stacked. In the flow channel forming layer, a beam is formed, extending from a flow channel wall of the common flow channel toward the individual flow channels and supporting the orifice plate in a region facing a first opening.

Abstract: An image generating apparatus generates an image to be displayed on a display and includes at least one memory and a control circuit. The control circuit acquires a plurality of camera images captured by a plurality of cameras installed in a vehicle, calculates a distance between one of the cameras and a target to be projected in in the camera images, detects a position of a light-transmissive object or a reflective object in the camera images, and generates an image from a point of view that is different from points of view of the plurality of camera images by using the plurality of camera images and the distance, the generated image including a predetermined image that is displayed at the position of the light-transmissive object or the reflective object.

Abstract: An image generating apparatus generates an image to be displayed on a display and includes at least one memory and a control circuit. The control circuit acquires a plurality of camera images captured by a plurality of cameras installed in a vehicle, calculates a distance between one of the cameras and a target to be projected in in the camera images, detects a position of a light-transmissive object or a reflective object in the camera images, and generates an image from a point of view that is different from points of view of the plurality of camera images by using the plurality of camera images and the distance, the generated image including a predetermined image that is displayed at the position of the light-transmissive object or the reflective object.

Abstract: A crossing point detector includes memory and a crossing point detection unit that reads out a square image from a captured image in the memory, and detects a crossing point of two boundary lines in a checker pattern depicted in the square image. The crossing point detection unit decides multiple parameters of a function model treating two-dimensional image coordinates as variables, the parameters optimizing an evaluation value based on a difference between corresponding pixel values represented by the function model and the square image, respectively, and computes the position of a crossing point of two straight lines expressed by the decided multiple parameters to thereby detect the crossing point with subpixel precision. The function model uses a curved surface that is at least first-order differentiable to express pixel values at respective positions in a two-dimensional coordinate system at the boundary between black and white regions.

Abstract: A method includes a step of forming a sacrificial layer on a first film, a step of forming a second film on the sacrificial layer, a step of forming an etching opening that extends through at least one of the first film and the second film so as to communicate with the sacrificial layer, and a step of forming a hollow portion by etching the sacrificial layer using a gas containing a fluorine-containing gas and hydrogen via the etching opening, wherein a composition ratio of silicon to nitrogen in a first region having a face in contact with the sacrificial layer is larger than a composition ratio of silicon to nitrogen in a second region not including the first region.

Abstract: A camera-parameter-set calculation apparatus includes a three-dimensional point group calculator that calculates a plurality of three-dimensional coordinates, based on first and second images respectively captured by first and second cameras and first and second camera parameter sets of the first and second cameras; an evaluation value calculator that determines a plurality of pixel coordinates in the second image, based on the plurality of three-dimensional coordinates and the second camera parameter set, determines a plurality of third pixel coordinates in a third image captured by a third camera, based on the plurality of three-dimensional coordinates and a third camera parameter set of the third camera, and calculates an evaluation value, based on pixel values at the plurality of second and third pixel coordinates in the second and third images; and a camera-parameter-set determiner that determines a fourth camera parameter set for the third camera, based on the evaluation value.

Abstract: An image generating apparatus generates an image to be displayed on a display and includes at least one memory and a control circuit. The control circuit acquires a plurality of camera images captured by a plurality of cameras installed in a vehicle, calculates a distance between one of the cameras and a target to be projected in in the camera images, detects a position of a light-transmissive object or a reflective object in the camera images, and generates an image from a point of view that is different from points of view of the plurality of camera images by using the plurality of camera images and the distance, the generated image including a predetermined image that is displayed at the position of the light-transmissive object or the reflective object.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection module capable of enhancing the strength of an orifice plate while achieving favorable ejection operation at each ejection port. To that end, the liquid ejection module includes a functional layer in which a plurality of energy generating elements are arranged, a flow channel forming layer in which pressure chambers, individual flow channels, and a common flow channel are formed, and an orifice plate having ejection ports formed therein. The functional layer, the flow channel forming layer and the orifice plate are stacked. In the flow channel forming layer, a beam is formed, extending from a flow channel wall of the common flow channel toward the individual flow channels and supporting the orifice plate in a region facing a first opening.