Abstract: A method for beam steering and beam forming an antenna is disclosed herein that includes illuminating an optical fiber with a light source, thereby transmitting a signal through the optical fiber to an electro-optical switch. The electro-optical switch is actuated with the signal from the light source, thereby switching an electrical load in the electro-optical switch. At least one antenna element in an array of antenna elements is excited with RF radiation radiated by a driven element via an RF transmission line and reradiated from parasitic elements, thereby beam steering and beam forming the antenna.

Abstract: A method where a laser beam is configured to generate a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF), and the LIPF acts as a decoy to detract a homing missile or other threat from a specific target.

Abstract: A focus controlling component is configured to control a focus of a laser beam that passes through water and induces plasmas that emit signals. The focus of the laser beam is controlled such that the signals emitted by the induced plasmas interfere to form a combined signal that propagates in a desired direction.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a radio frequency (RF) coupler; a transceiver communicatively coupled to the RF coupler; a laser configured to generate a plurality of femtosecond laser pulses so as to create, without the use of high voltage electrodes, a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF) in atmospheric air, wherein the laser is operatively coupled to the RF coupler such that RF energy is transferred between the LIPF and the RF coupler; and wherein the laser is configured to modulate a characteristic of the laser pulses at a rate within the range of 1 Hz to 1 GHz so as to modulate a conduction efficiency of the LIPF thereby creating a variable impedance LIPF antenna.

Abstract: Pulsating radio star (PULSAR) navigation systems and methods can include a plurality of PULSARs that can emit PULSAR radiation pulses in the millisecond range, and a plurality of Josephson Junctions (JJs) that can be arranged as an array of microantennas. The systems and methods can include a cryogenic cooling system for cooling the JJs to an operating temperature based on the JJ materials, and a thermal management system for maintaining the operating temperature. An oscillator can determine times of arrival (TOAs) of magnetic field components of the PULSAR pulses. A processor can compute the terrestrial position of the navigation system using the TOAs and the known celestial position of the PULSARs. A GPS sub-system can be included for navigation using GPS signals. The processor can be configured to compute terrestrial location using the PULSAR magnetic field components when GPS signal strength falls below a predetermined level or is lost.

Abstract: Pulsating radio star (PULSAR) navigation systems and methods can include a plurality of PULSARs that can emit PULSAR radiation pulses in the millisecond range, and a plurality of Josephson Junctions (JJs) that can be arranged as an array of microantennas. The systems and methods can include a cryogenic cooling system for cooling the JJs to an operating temperature based on the JJ materials, and a thermal management system for maintaining the operating temperature. An oscillator can determine times of arrival (TOAs) of magnetic field components of the PULSAR pulses. A processor can compute the terrestrial position of the navigation system using the TOAs and the known celestial position of the PULSARs. A GPS sub-system can be included for navigation using GPS signals. The processor can be configured to compute terrestrial location using the PULSAR magnetic field components when GPS signal strength falls below a predetermined level or is lost.

Abstract: An antenna comprising: a radio frequency (RF) coupler; a transceiver communicatively coupled to the RF coupler; a laser configured to generate a plurality of femtosecond laser pulses so as to create, without the use of high voltage electrodes, a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF) in atmospheric air, wherein the laser is operatively coupled to the RF coupler such that RF energy is transferred between the LIPF and the RF coupler; and wherein the laser is configured to modulate a characteristic of the laser pulses at a rate within the range of 1 Hz to 1 GHz so as to modulate a conduction efficiency of the LIPF thereby creating a variable impedance LIPF antenna.

Abstract: A focus controlling component is configured to control a focus of a laser beam to have respective focal points surrounding an object. The laser beam induces respective plasmas at the respective focal points. The respective plasmas emit respective acoustic pressure waves that control movement of the object.

Abstract: A device includes a plurality of optoelectronic gates. Each gate includes a nanowire, and a topological insulator coating the nanowire. The topological insulator is configured to isolate entanglement action of a nanoparticle in the nanowire, and an ion is coupled to the nanoparticle in the nanowire when the ion is photoactive.

Abstract: A focus controlling component is configured to control a focus of a laser beam that passes through water and induces plasmas that emit signals. The focus of the laser beam is controlled such that the signals emitted by the induced plasmas interfere to form a combined signal that propagates in a desired direction.

Abstract: A method where a laser beam is configured to generate a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF), and the LIPF acts as a decoy to detract a homing missile or other threat from a specific target.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system for dermatologically noninvasive testing for blood sugar concentration using an interferometry optical design. The present apparatus, method and system are used to measure the optical properties of blood, without puncturing the skin or drawing blood samples. They incorporate the use of an electromagnetic light source and two optical polarizers. A dermatological sample, e.g., the earlobe, webbing between fingers, is illuminated with polarized electromagnetic light. When the linearly polarized light passes through this dermatological sample, the blood in the dermatological sample acts as an optical rotator due to the optical interaction with the blood sample. The presence of molecular chirality in the blood sample induces optical activity. After the skin is illuminated, a second polarizer finds the orientation of the polarization by maximizing the intensity on the photo detector. As a result, the blood sugar concentration may be determined.

Abstract: A system for detecting tampering. The system comprises a first luminescent layer adjacent to a first item of value and an optical detector operably connected to an alarm. The first luminescent layer emits a light beam, which is detected by the optical detector. Upon detection of the light beam, the optical detector activates the alarm.

Abstract: An optoelectronic device is provided that includes a doped substrate, a tunneling barrier, a direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material, a hot electron emitter, a gate electrode, and a voltage bias. The hot electron emitter injects hot electrons from the underlying substrate into the conduction band of the direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material via quantum tunneling. The gate electrode is operable to provide the voltage bias in a direction normal to the X-Y plane of the direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material so as to generate an electric field perpendicular to the direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material. The voltage bias provided by the gate is operable to change an optical bandgap of the direct bandgap two dimensional semiconductor material continuously from the visible to the mid-infrared spectral regime via an electric dipole layer enhanced Giant Stark Effect for electrically-tunable hot electron luminescence applications.

Abstract: A method and fluid antenna apparatus are disclosed that incorporate optical agitation of electrolytes. The fluid antenna comprises a substantially enclosed container having a transparent window, an electrolytic fluid disposed within the substantially enclosed container, a light source, the light source producing an optical beam, wherein the light source is configured to direct the optical beam into the container; wherein the transparent window is configured to receive the optical beam from the light source; and wherein the beam has sufficient intensity to enable movement of charged particles in the electrolytic fluid in the container via radiation pressure.

Abstract: A system and method for focus-stacking images that results in a clearer image, particularly where objects in the image are at different depths of field. The system and method may be used in connection with, or made a part of, an imaging system, including a telescope, camera, binoculars or other imaging system. The system and method incorporate one or more focus-altering devices that alter the focus of an image produced by the imaging system. The system and method also incorporate a modulation device that modulates between two or focal planes, thereby resulting in a focus-stacked image that is a combination of two or more focal planes.

Abstract: A color-changing lighting system includes a color temperature meter for determining a color temperature of visible light within an environment. The color-changing lighting system also includes a microprocessor for converting the color temperature of the visible light to red, green, and blue (RGB) values. The color-changing lighting system further includes a light control unit for calibrating a full spectrum color changing light source to output light having the color temperature of the visible light within the environment, according to the RGB values.

Abstract: A method and fluid antenna apparatus are disclosed that incorporate optical agitation of electrolytes. The fluid antenna comprises a substantially enclosed container having a transparent window, an electrolytic fluid disposed within the substantially enclosed container, a light source, the light source producing an optical beam, wherein the light source is configured to direct the optical beam into the container; wherein the transparent window is configured to receive the optical beam from the light source; and wherein the beam has sufficient intensity to enable movement of charged particles in the electrolytic fluid in the container via radiation pressure.

Abstract: A multi-source energy harvesting system, method and device are disclosed. The system, method and device incorporate multiple energy harvesting technologies to charge personal electronic devices. Solar, rain, wind, electromagnetic and radio frequency energy may be harvested using this system, method and device. A polymer solar cell may be used to harvest solar energy. Polymer piezoelectric materials may be used to harvest rain and wind energy. Inductive charging may be used to harvest electromagnetic energy.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and system for dermatologically noninvasive testing for blood sugar concentration using an interferometry optical design. The present apparatus, method and system are used to measure the optical properties of blood, without puncturing the skin or drawing blood samples. They incorporate the use of an electromagnetic light source and two optical polarizers. A dermatological sample, e.g., the earlobe, webbing between fingers, is illuminated with polarized electromagnetic light. When the linearly polarized light passes through this dermatological sample, the blood in the dermatological sample acts as an optical rotator due to the optical interaction with the blood sample. The presence of molecular chirality in the blood sample induces optical activity. After the skin is illuminated, a second polarizer finds the orientation of the polarization by maximizing the intensity on the photo detector. As a result, the blood sugar concentration may be determined.