Abstract: An encapsulated dye, may include a dye, such as a vat dye, and an encapsulating agent, such as cyclodextrin. A dye formulation is provided for dyeing a fiber, a yarn including a fiber, and/or a fabric including a fiber. The fiber may be a synthetic fiber. A method of preparing an encapsulated dye and/or a dye formulation, and to a method of dyeing are also described. A fiber, a yarn, and/or a fabric including an encapsulated dye, a fiber, a yarn, and/or a fabric dyed with an encapsulated dye, an installation for dyeing, and to uses of a cyclodextrin, an encapsulated dye, and an installation are provided.

Abstract: A method for dyeing, such as vat dyeing, or coating synthetic fibers, such as polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or yarns or fabrics including these fibers can include providing a powdered dye or a powdered precursor dye (powdered leuko dye), or providing an aqueous dye formulation or an aqueous precursor dye formulation (an alkaline aqueous leuko dye formulation). An aqueous system including a lipase enzyme can be provided. The fibers/yarn/fabric can be pretreated with the aqueous system, and the pretreated fibers/yarn/fabric can be coated or dyed with the powdered dye or powdered precursor dye, or with the aqueous dye formulation or aqueous precursor dye formulation.