Abstract: A controlled transparency device is presented. The device is operable to control a ratio of light transmitted by the device to light blocked by the device. Control is achieved by linear translation of a first polarizing layer with respect to a second polarizing layer. In a preferred embodiment, each of the first and second polarizing layers comprises a plurality of polarizing areas of standard width, wherein polarization orientation of each area on layer differs from the polarization orientation of an adjacent area by a standard angular difference. The device is usefully embodied as a window, a space divider for open-space offices, a curtain wall, a sun visor for a vehicle, a visor for welding, adjustable sunglasses, and a controllable dimmer for a mirror such as the rear-view mirror of a vehicle.

Abstract: An implantable device for inducing salivation by neural stimulation at neurally sensitive location within an oral or perioral tissue of a user. The device includes a housing adapted to be permanently implanted within the oral or perioral tissue. The housing has an enclosure therein for engaging an electrical signal generator. The signal generator includes a power source and at least one electrode operatively associated with the housing and electrically coupled to the signal generator. The electrode is so positioned with respect to the housing so as to form an electrical contact with the oral or perioral tissue and in operative contact with a neurally sensitive location of the oral or perioral tissue, the stimulation of which by electrical energy can induce salivation when the housing is operatively disposed, whereby the electrode applies a signal generated by the signal generator to the sensitive location of the oral or perioral tissue to induce salivation.