Abstract: The present disclosure relates to roofing granules, such as colored solar-reflective roofing granules, and to methods for making and their use in roofing products. One aspect of the disclosure provides a collection of colored solar-reflective roofing granules, wherein substantially each roofing granule includes an inner layer of a porous ceramic material, the pore size and material of the inner layer being selected such that the inner layer is substantially reflective of infrared radiation; and disposed about and substantially surrounding the inner layer, an outer layer of a substantially colored ceramic material, the outer layer of substantially colored ceramic material being substantially transmissive to infrared radiation, the collection of colored solar-reflective roofing granules having a L* of no more than 60 and a solar reflectivity of at least 30%.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to roofing granules, such as colored solar-reflective roofing granules, and to methods for making and their use in roofing products. One aspect of the disclosure provides a collection of colored solar-reflective roofing granules, wherein substantially each roofing granule includes an inner layer of a porous ceramic material, the pore size and material of the inner layer being selected such that the inner layer is substantially reflective of infrared radiation; and disposed about and substantially surrounding the inner layer, an outer layer of a substantially colored ceramic material, the outer layer of substantially colored ceramic material being substantially transmissive to infrared radiation, the collection of colored solar-reflective roofing granules having a L* of no more than 60 and a solar reflectivity of at least 30%.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an injection molded article is disclosed. The apparatus includes a pumping system to deliver a silicone formulation to a mold, the silicone formulation having a viscosity of about 50,000 centipoise to about 2,000,000 centipoise. The mold has an exterior housing and an interior cavity therein, wherein the silicone formulation flows into the cavity of the mold. The apparatus further includes a source of radiation energy, wherein the radiation energy substantially cures the silicone formulation within the cavity of the mold to form the injection molded article. The present disclosure further includes a method of forming the injection molded article and a mold for an injection molded article.

Abstract: Pane arrangement (I) with coating (2) comprising at least a transparent substrate (1), a primer (2.1) on at least one subregion of the substrate (1), said primer containing at least one first UV absorber (4.1) as well as at least two IR absorbers (3.1, 3.2) in the form of dispersed nanoparticles, and a scratchproof coat (2.2) on the surface of the primer (2.1), said scratchproof coat containing at least one second UV absorber (4.2), wherein the first IR absorber (3.1) is a hexaboride of the general formula XB6 and X=Y, Sr, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, or Lu, and the second IR absorber (3.2) is indium tin oxide or antimony tin oxide.

Abstract: A coating material includes a binder system and particles dispersed in the binder system. A composite includes a substrate and a coating layer comprising a binder system and particles dispersed in the binder system. A method for manufacturing a coating material, or a composite having a coating layer, includes providing a binder system and dispersing particles in the binder system.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an injection molded article is disclosed. The apparatus includes a pumping system to deliver a silicone formulation to a mold, the silicone formulation having a viscosity of about 50,000 centipoise to about 2,000,000 centipoise. The mold has an exterior housing and an interior cavity therein, wherein the silicone formulation flows into the cavity of the mold. The apparatus further includes a source of radiation energy, wherein the radiation energy substantially cures the silicone formulation within the cavity of the mold to form the injection molded article. The present disclosure further includes a method of forming the injection molded article and a mold for an injection molded article.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems and methods which utilize a cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) technique implemented for the measurements of vapor transmission rate. In one embodiment, the vapor content to be measured is contained within an optical cavity. Light is then injected into the cavity up to a threshold level and the decay time of the injected light is measured. When the wavelength of the injected light is resonant with an absorption feature of the vapor the decay time increases linearly as a function of vapor content. In this manner, vapor content causes a longer decay time and thus the amount of vapor passing through the film (film permeation rate) can be determined in real-time.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems and methods which utilize a cavity ringdown spectroscopy (CRDS) technique for measuring vapor transmission rate through a barrier film by first allowing the vapor to accumulate over a period of time after a steady state condition has been achieved. In this manner, in one embodiment, water permeation through a plastic film, even at very low permeability rates, can be accumulated over time. The accumulated water vapor is then measured and a calculation made as to permeation per unit of time. One main advantage of the accumulated method is that minimum vapor detection is limited only by the ability to produce a good seal around the edges of the plastic film in the sample cell.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to systems and methods which utilize a cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) technique implemented for the measurements of vapor transmission rate. In one embodiment, the vapor content to be measured is contained within an optical cavity. Light is then injected into the cavity up to a threshold level and the delay time of the injected light is measured. When the wavelength of the injected light is resonant with an absorption feature of the vapor the decay time increases linearly as a function of vapor content. In this manner, vapor content causes a longer delay time and thus the amount of vapor passing through the film (film permeation rate) can be determined in real-time.