Abstract: To reduce damage to surrounding tissue while fragmenting some tissue such as for example not damaging the capsular wall while removing the lens during cataract removal surgery or not damaging artery or vein walls during bypass surgery while freeing the artery or vein to be transplanted, an incision is made for the insertion of surface—a handpiece tip. The tip is rotated and reciprocated ultrasonically at the same time so that tissue is fragmented by the combined motion of a fragmenting surface perpendicular to the surface and at an angle to the surface many times during a single revolution or part of a revolution.

Abstract: To reduce damage to surrounding tissue while fragmenting some tissue such as for example not damaging the capsular wall while removing the lens during cataract removal surgery or not damaging artery or vein walls during bypass surgery while freeing the artery or vein to be transplanted, an incision is made for the insertion of surface—a handpiece tip. The tip is rotated and reciprocated ultrasonically at the same time so that tissue is fragmented by the combined motion of a fragmenting surface perpendicular to the surface and at an angle to the surface many times during a single revolution or part of a revolution.

Abstract: To reduce damage to surrounding tissue while fragmenting some tissue such as for example not damaging the capsular wall while removing the lens during cataract removal surgery or not damaging artery or vein walls during bypass surgery while freeing the artery or vein to be transplanted, an incision is made for the insertion of surface—a handpiece tip. The tip is rotated and reciprocated ultrasonically at the same time so that tissue is fragmented by the combined motion of a fragmenting surface perpendicular to the surface and at an angle to the surface many times during a single revolution or part of a revolution.

Abstract: To reduce damage to surrounding tissue while fragmenting some tissue such as for example not damaging the capsular wall while removing the lens during cataract removal surgery or not damaging artery or vein walls during bypass surgery while freeing the artery or vein to be transplanted, an incision is made for the insertion of surface--a handpiece tip. The tip is rotated and reciprocated ultrasonically at the same time so that tissue is fragmented by the combined motion of a fragmenting surface perpendicular to the surface and at an angle to the surface many times during a single revolution or part of a revolution.

Abstract: To reduce damage to surrounding tissue while fragmenting some tissue such as for example not damaging the capsular wall while removing the lens during cataract removal surgery or not damaging artery or vein walls during bypass surgery while freeing the artery or vein to be transplanted, an incision is made for the insertion of surface--a handpiece tip. The tip is rotated and reciprocated ultrasonically at the same time so that tissue is fragmented by the combined motion of a fragmenting surface perpendicular to the surface and at an angle to the surface many times during a single revolution or part of a revolution.

Abstract: To control the angle of an incision by a surgical scalpel during microsurgery, a scalpel has a double-beveled thin blade with reflective and light-absorbing matted portions on its surface whereby glare from the reflective portions of the blade indicates the angle of an incision. The matted portions are spaced longitudinally along the blade of the scalpel against a reflective background. A source of light in the microscope is reflected into the eye piece of the microscope from the blade so that the pattern of reflective and matted portions indicates the angle of the blade with respect to the light source.

Abstract: To reduce damage to surrounding tissue while fragmenting some tissue such as for example not damaging the capsular wall while removing the lens during cataract removal surgery or not damaging artery or vein walls during bypass surgery while freeing the artery or vein to be transplanted, an incision is made for the insertion of surface-discriminating fragmenting handpiece. The surface-discriminating fragmenting handpiece fragments and permits aspiration of the tissue without damaging the surrounding wall by moving surfaces which permit the diseased tissue to fall within their cutting zone but which move at a rate of speed and have openings between them of such a size that the more integrated and smoother tissue does not fall within their cutting zone.

Abstract: An intraocular lens implant comprising a flexible, substantially ring-shaped position fixation member having a lens body positioned centrally therein. The lens body is connected to the position fixation member by either rim portions or posts which have a notch formed therein for receiving one end of the incision through which the implant will be inserted. The notch permits the implant to be inserted in an incision shorter than the diameter of the implant. The method of implanting the implant is also described.

Abstract: To remove a cataract, a cannula is inserted through a plurality of layers of compacted material in the lens and fluid of between 1/500 and 1/100 of a milliliter is injected to separate the layers of the lens cortex and lens nucleus. These steps are repeated until the nucleus and cortex of the lens are decompacted at increasing penetrations until a compacted portion of the nucleus is reached which resists the insertion of a needle. An elongated tool is inserted through an incision into the capsular chamber and against the lens to cut the lens in a series of paths diverging from the incision and thus to break the lens into a series of wedge-shaped sections. The tool may have an ultrasonic vibrator mounted within its center, whereby the cutting action is aided.

Abstract: A flexible posterior chamber lens for implantation within an eye comprising a disc-shaped lens body having a front face, a convex rear face, and an outer peripheral edge. A flexible fixation element extends from the lens body and extends substantially around the entire peripheral edge of the lens body for engagement with substantial portion of the capsular equator when the lens is implanted. The convex rear face of the lens body engages the posterior capsule to stretch the same rearwardly so that cellular migration onto, and the opacification of the posterior capsule is substantially reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: A posterior chamber lens implant comprising a flexible, substantially ring-shaped position fixation member which extends around a lens body. A pair of posts extend oppositely from the lens body to the position fixation member to cause the lens body to be centrally positioned with respect to the lens body. The relationship of the position fixation member and the posts permits the fixation member to be compressed towards the lens body to enable the implant to be inserted in the eye.

Abstract: A posterior chamber lens implant comprising a flexible, substantially ring-shaped position fixation member which extends around a lens body. Flexible connectors connect the lens body with the position fixation member to cause the lens body to be centrally positioned with respect to the implant. The relationship of the position fixation member and the connectors permits the position fixation member to be compressed towards the lens body to enable the implant to be inserted in the eye.

Abstract: A posterior chamber lens implant comprising a centrally positioned lens body having a pair of opposing loop members extending therefrom with the loop members cooperating to extend completely around the lens body. One of the loop members extends from the lens body at three o'clock and extends around the lens body in a counterclockwise manner and is connected to the lens body at approximately three o'clock. The other loop member extends from the lens body at approximately nine o'clock and extends around the lens body in a clockwise manner and has its other end secured to the lens body at approximately nine o'clock. The relationship of the loop members and the lens body permits the loop members to be compressed towards the lens body to enable the implant to be inserted in the eye.

Abstract: A radial keratotomy knife comprising an elongated handle having a flat depth gauge or guard mounted at one end thereof and having an elongated opening formed therein. A flat surgical blade is mounted on the handle and has a cutting edge extending through the elongated opening in the guard. The guard has a width and length sufficient to cause the cornea of the eye to be flattened during the surgical procedure so that uniform radial incisions may be made in the cornea during the surgical procedure.

Abstract: An anterior chamber lens implant is provided which is designed to be implanted in the eye after the natural lens of the eye has been surgically removed. In each of the three embodiments disclosed herein, the implants include a disc-shaped lens having four flexible holding members extending therefrom so as to be completely independently flexible of the other holding members. Each of the holding members of the lens implants includes leg portions and foot portions. The holding members are flexibly designed so as to be flexibly movable rearwardly, forwardly, inwardly and outwardly.

Abstract: An irrigating vectis is described for use in the extraction of cataracts. The vectis comprises an elongated shank portion having one end thereof adapted to be connected to an irrigating syringe. An irrigating loop portion is provided at the other end of the shank portion. The loop portion comprises first and second loop members which extend from the shank portion in a diverging relationship, and an end portion extending between the first and second loop portions with the end portion having bulged portions at its end and an indented portion positioned therebetween.

Abstract: A posterior chamber capsular lens implant and apparatus for implantation of the lens are utilized in a surgical method following a capsulectomy to remove a cataract impaired natural lens. The lens implant has a plane surface and a convex surface. The entire lens is fitted within the capsule of the posterior chamber. Affixed opposite each other within and along the peripheral edge of the lens are a pair of plastic, kidney shaped loops. The method for implanting the lens provides the steps of forming a triangular capsulectomy, extracting the cortical lens matter and any posterior subcapsular plaque matter from the capsular bag, and then inserting the lens implant. The insertion is accomplished by utilizing a plastic sleeve apparatus in conjunction with an irrigating canula. The loops of the lens implant maintain a centralized location of the lens within the posterior chamber capsule thereby eliminating any need for fixating sutures within the eye itself.

Abstract: An artificial intraocular lens implant for the anterior chamber of the eye after crystalline extraction is disclosed. The prosthetic lens includes a substantially light transparent disc having a central optical zone bounded at the rear thereof by three affixment points for three U-shaped loops of Nylon 66 or polypropylene material. The loops are arranged in a Y-shaped configuration such that two of the free legs, one from each adjacent loop, are connected at each affixment point, with the closed ends projecting outwardly and away from the plane of the disc. Additionally, a fourth U-shaped loop is affixed to the edge of the disc and projects away therefrom in a plane substantially parallel to that of the disc. The fourth loop is in substantial vertical alignment with one of the other three loops.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for surgical accomplishment or aphakic correction. After intracapsular cataract extraction has been successfully completed the artificial lens, held securely in the Binkhorst implant forceps, is introduced into the anterior chamber. The three posterior loops of the implant are then inserted behind the iris through the pupil with the bend of the anterior loop in front at the 12 o'clock position across the iridectomy. The posterior loop is held and stabilized through the iridectomy with a loop forceps while a specially designed micro staple positioned in a holder and locked therein is placed over the anterior loop of the implant and pressed until the ends of the micro staple clear the posterior loop. The blades of the micro staple holder are pressed firmly to close the micro staple. The forceps and micro staple holder are then removed. The anterior chamber is then formed with an air bubble and the section closed with 9.