Abstract: The present invention is a novel approach in combining wired and wireless ECG monitoring. An ECG Wireless Plug (“Wplug”) is inserted between the Trunk Cable and the Leadwire Cable, so as to both pass the ECG to the Host Monitor and to intercept the signal for processing and wireless transmission. When the Wplug is inserted and the Host Monitor is active, the signal transmitted to the Telemetry Receiver can be identified as belonging to the same patient as on the Host Monitor.

Abstract: A method for managing alarms in a physiological monitor by identifying a clinical sequence of adverse effects and following the evolution of the sequence by alarm logic. By requiring the evolution to proceed as defined, false alarms from the individual parameters can be suppressed, resulting in a significant improvement in the specificity of the alarm, without sacrificing sensitivity.

Abstract: A method for handling sudden and substantial pressure changes in invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring, a blood pressure monitoring apparatus, and a computer program product for a blood pressure monitoring apparatus are disclosed. To provide a user of a patient monitor a possibility to readily adapt the alarm functionality of blood pressure measurement to a clinical task without a need to go through a complicated nullifying process of a high priority alarm, a touchable user interface element is produced onto a touch screen of patient monitor if a sudden and substantial change is detected in measured arterial blood pressure of the subject. The user interface element is indicative of an alarm and configured to enable the user to modify alarm functionality of the patient monitor for an intentional clinical task that caused the sudden and substantial change in the measured arterial blood pressure.

Abstract: An ECG front end and a method for acquiring ECG signals are disclosed. The front end comprises a plurality of parallel measurement branches, each measurement branch comprising a protection resistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is connectable to a respective ECG electrode. Each measurement branch comprises a first input amplifier operatively connected to the second terminal of the protection resistor and a capacitor having a first and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the capacitor is operatively connected to a point between the first input amplifier and the second terminal of the protection resistor and the second terminal of the capacitor is connected to a virtual ground of a second input amplifier. Each first input amplifier serves as a source of an ECG channel signal and each second input amplifier as a source of high frequency signal components.

Abstract: A method for managing alarms in a physiological monitoring apparatus, a physiological monitoring apparatus, and a computer program product for a physiological monitoring apparatus are disclosed. A plurality of averages of a physiological parameter are derived, wherein the parameter is derived from at least one physiological signal acquired from a subject and wherein the averages represent a corresponding plurality of averaging periods. Respective alarm limits are assigned to the plurality of averages and at least one alarm indicator is defined, each alarm indicator being defined based on respective average and alarm limit. An alarm is detected based on the at least one alarm indicator.

Abstract: A method for controlling alarms in a physiological monitoring apparatus, a physiological monitoring apparatus, and a computer program product for a physiological monitoring apparatus are disclosed. In order to decrease the number of nuisance alarms, the level of a physiological signal obtained from a subject is observed and signal morphology is determined for the physiological signal in response to detecting a change of the level of the physiological signal to a predetermined value range representing low signal values, thereby to obtain reference morphology for the physiological signal. Signal morphology is monitored if the physiological signal remains in the predetermined value range and alarms are suppressed as long as the signal morphology fulfills predefined criteria with respect to the reference morphology and the level of the physiological signal remains in the predetermined value range.

Abstract: A method for assigning addresses to a plurality of physiological sensor units is disclosed. A physiological measurement system and a connector element for a physiological measurement system are also disclosed. To enable identification of identical sensor units in a measurement system, each input port of a connector element, such as a trunk cable, is adapted to determine at least part of a device address of a sensor unit connected to that input port, thereby to obtain a unique device address for each sensor unit connected to the connector element.

Abstract: A method, device, and computer program product for monitoring a subject receiving care are disclosed. To enable creation of different clinical applications with visually informative user interfaces similar to each other, a monitoring apparatus is provided with a generic monitor module serving as a template for creation of monitoring instances. At least one clinical application may be created from the generic monitor module, wherein each clinical application defines a care process for caring a subject, and a subject-specific monitoring instance may be produced from any of the at least one clinical application, thereby to obtain a runtime monitoring instance. The runtime monitoring instance may then be employed for monitoring the subject online.

Abstract: An ECG front end and a method for acquiring ECG signals are disclosed. The front end comprises a plurality of parallel measurement branches, each measurement branch comprising a protection resistor having a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal is connectable to a respective ECG electrode. Each measurement branch comprises a first input amplifier operatively connected to the second terminal of the protection resistor and a capacitor having a first and a second terminal, wherein the first terminal of the capacitor is operatively connected to a point between the first input amplifier and the second terminal of the protection resistor and the second terminal of the capacitor is connected to a virtual ground of a second input amplifier. Each first input amplifier serves as a source of an ECG channel signal and each second input amplifier as a source of high frequency signal components.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for delivering anesthesia drugs to a patient. The system comprises means for feeding anesthesia drugs to the patient treated, a measuring device for measuring at least one parameter relating to the effects of the anesthetic drugs fed to the patient, a patient monitor to show the results measured by the measuring devices, and feeding means for feeding patient demographics to the system. The system further comprises means for visual planning of the anesthesia drug delivery before the drugs are actually fed. The system can also comprise means for anesthesia management for drug interaction during the treatment.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus are disclosed for monitoring a subject with a transport monitor comprising a measurement unit including at least one magnetic component unit operative when monitoring the subject in absence of a high magnetic field. To maintain the monitoring capacity of a standard transport monitor even in the high magnetic field, the transport monitor is provided with a reconfiguration unit adapted to reconfigure the measurement unit for the high magnetic field so that at least part of the monitoring capability that the measurement unit has in absence of the high magnetic field is preserved in presence of the high magnetic field.

Abstract: A method, device, and computer program product for determining a clinical index indicative of a general clinical state of a subject in terms of planned care are disclosed. A set of physiological parameters determined from the subject is selected for the type of care to be applied to the subject. A targeted value range is attached to each physiological parameter belonging to the set and a general condition index of the subject is determined as a function of two integers, where the integers belong to a group including (i) the number of physiological parameters of the set that are currently within respective targeted value ranges, (ii) the number of physiological parameters of the set that are currently outside respective targeted value ranges, and (iii) the total number of physiological parameters in the set of physiological parameters.

Abstract: A mechanism for authenticating a physiological sensor is disclosed. When a sensor is connected to a monitor, the monitor examines whether a first sensor-specific usage identifier of the connected sensor is consistent with a second sensor-specific usage identifier thereof. The first and second sensor-specific usage identifiers are indicative of the cumulative usage of the connected sensor, but may nevertheless be unequal. The first sensor-specific usage identifier is maintained in the sensor and the second sensor-specific usage identifier in a host memory external to the sensor. The use of the connected sensor is allowed when the examining indicates that the said two identifiers of the connected sensor are consistent, and rejected when the identifiers are inconsistent. The two identifiers are further updated in response to the use of the connected sensor in the patient monitor, thereby to keep the said identifiers consistent and updated for a subsequent use attempt of the sensor.

Abstract: A floating physiological data acquisition system with expandable ECG and EEG. The data acquisition system for obtaining electrophysiological signals from a patient comprises a patient monitor and separate patient side acquisition units connectable to the patient monitor. Each of the patient side acquisition units comprises an analog-to-digital converter, a serial interface communicative towards a serial bus connecting the patient side data acquisition unit with the patient monitor, and a serial interface controller processor. Each of the patient side acquisition units further forms a part of a floating patient applied part of the data acquisition system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system for a medical monitoring system, in which method the functions of a patient are measured, and the change in the electric activity of the patient are observed. In the method, the electrocardiogram (EKG), electroencephalogram (EEG), and the impedance cardiograph signal (IKG) are being measured with one piece of measuring equipment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for suppressing interference in an electric signal, particularly for suppressing interference in an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal in connection with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In order to improve the accuracy of the suppression, the electric signal is first sampled at a high sampling frequency, whereby a first sequence of samples is obtained. Some of the samples in the first sequence of samples are then selected on the basis of predetermined criteria. The first sequence is then downsampled using the selected samples, whereby a second sequence of samples is obtained. The second sequence forms a digital presentation of the electric signal in which the interference is suppressed.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method and a system for measuring non-invasively a blood pressure of a patient. The method comprises the steps of: determining (1603) a mechanical heart beat starting time point from an impedance cardiogram signal, detecting (1605) a heart beat pulse arrival time at a peripheral site of the patient, calculating (1607) a pulse wave transit time from the heart to the peripheral site by utilizing said mechanical starting point of the heart beat and said heart beat pulse arrival time, calculating (1609) an estimate of the blood pressure of the patient from said pulse wave transit time.

Abstract: The invention relates to pulsed oximeters used to measure blood oxygenation. The current trend towards mobile oximeters has brought the problem of how to minimize power consumption without compromising on the performance of the device. To tackle this problem, the present invention provides a method for controlling optical power in a pulse oximeter. The signal-to-noise ratio of the received baseband signal is monitored, and the duty cycle of the driving pulses is controlled in dependence on the monitored signal-to-noise ratio, preferably so that the optical power is minimized within the confines of a predetermined lower threshold set for the signal-to-noise ratio. In this way the optical power is made dependent on the perfusion level of the subject, whereby the power can be controlled to a level which does not exceed that needed for the subject.

Abstract: The invention concerns a system for the measurement of cardiac (1) output. The system comprises a heating resistor (2) placed in the vena cava (6), a temperature sensor (5) placed in the pulmonary trunk (4), an isolation interface (12) for separating an isolated side (14) and a non-isolated side according to patient potential, a power source (11) which is placed on the non-isolated side and produces the energy to be supplied to the heating resistor (2), and measuring elements (18, 19, 20) for the measurement of the power supplied to the heating resistor 92). According to the invention, the power measuring (18, 19, 20) elements are disposed on the isolated side (14), allowing the effective power supplied to the heating resistor (2) to be computed as accurately as possible.

Abstract: The invention concerns a system for ECG monitoring, comprising measuring electrodes R, F, L, N; V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6) attached to a patient (P) in accordance with a standard electrode placement; signal leads (1-10) connected to corresponding measuring electrodes (R, F, L, N; V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6) each of said signal leads being provided with a first connector element (11); a collecting connector (13) containing second connector elements (14) for receiving the first connector elements (11); an ECG apparatus comprising an amplifier unit (16) to which the measurement signals are passed from the collecting connector; and change-over switches (18-22) which are so implemented that, in a first connection position (I), they will conduct the measurement signals from the measuring electrodes (R, F, L, N; V1, V2, V3V4, V5, V6) attached to the patient (P) to the ECG apparatus so that the corresponding signal leads (1-10) are connected to a patient, while in a second connection position (II) they establish a shielding