Abstract: Nasal breathing apparatuses for delivering gases, monitoring end-tidal CO2, and providing CPAP and NIV through a patient's nose are provided, including a central tubular chamber, a pair of nasal sealing members, one or a pair of breathing tube(s), an inner central tube, one or a pair of delivery tube(s), and a pair of side straps coupled with a head strap. Inner central tube and delivery tube(s) are positioned inside central tubular chamber and breathing tube(s), respectively. Alternatively, central tubular chamber and breathing tube(s) have a double lumen configuration. The nasal breathing apparatuses are compact and lightweight and have reduced noise during use.

Abstract: A method for figure correction of an optical element includes forming a masking layer on a surface of the optical element. The optical element has thinning regions and non-thinning regions. The masking layer is patterned to form masking regions and non-masking regions, and the masking layer is positioned relative to the optical element in such a manner that the masking regions corresponds to the non-thinning regions of the optical element and the non-masking regions corresponds to the thinning regions of the optical element. The method further includes performing reactive ion etching on the optical element provided with the masking layer so as to etch the thinning regions of the optical element to reduce a thickness of the thinning region.

Abstract: A method for figure correction of an optical element includes forming a masking layer on a surface of the optical element. The optical element has thinning regions and non-thinning regions. The masking layer is patterned to form masking regions and non-masking regions, and the masking layer is positioned relative to the optical element in such a manner that the masking regions corresponds to the non-thinning regions of the optical element and the non-masking regions corresponds to the thinning regions of the optical element. The method further includes performing reactive ion etching on the optical element provided with the masking layer so as to etch the thinning regions of the optical element to reduce a thickness of the thinning region.

Abstract: A nasal breathing apparatus with multifunction has two nasal inserts and one tubular chamber. In one embodiment, the first nasal insert forms an airtight barrier inside one nostril for delivering gases. The second nasal insert does not block the other nostril and is for sampling gases. The tubular chamber is in fluid communication with the first nasal insert but not the second nasal insert and has an outlet for discharging and delivering gases and for providing continuous positive airway pressure and ventilation. In another embodiment, both nasal inserts form an airtight barrier in the corresponding nostrils. The first nasal insert is dedicated for delivering gases and the second nasal insert for sampling gases. The tubular chamber is in fluid communication with both nasal inserts and has an outlet for discharging and delivering gases and for providing continuous positive airway pressure and ventilation.

Abstract: Nasal breathing apparatuses for delivering gases, monitoring end-tidal CO2, and providing CPAP and NIV through a patient's nose are provided, including a central tubular chamber, a pair of nasal sealing members, one or a pair of breathing tube(s), an inner central tube, one or a pair of delivery tube(s), and a pair of side straps coupled with a head strap. Inner central tube and delivery tube(s) are positioned inside central tubular chamber and breathing tube(s), respectively. Alternatively, central tubular chamber and breathing tube(s) have a double lumen configuration. The nasal breathing apparatuses are compact and lightweight and have reduced noise during use.

Abstract: Nasal breathing apparatuses for delivering gases, monitoring end-tidal CO2, and providing CPAP and NIV through a patient's nose are provided, including a central tubular chamber, a pair of nasal sealing members, one or a pair of breathing tube(s), an inner central tube, one or a pair of delivery tube(s), and a pair of side straps coupled with a head strap. Inner central tube and delivery tube(s) are positioned inside central tubular chamber and breathing tube(s), respectively. Alternatively, central tubular chamber and breathing tube(s) have a double lumen configuration. The nasal breathing apparatuses are compact and lightweight and have reduced noise during use.

Abstract: A nasal breathing apparatus with multifunction has two nasal inserts and one tubular chamber. In one embodiment, the first nasal insert forms an airtight barrier inside one nostril for delivering gases. The second nasal insert does not block the other nostril and is for sampling gases. The tubular chamber is in fluid communication with the first nasal insert but not the second nasal insert and has an outlet for discharging and delivering gases and for providing continuous positive airway pressure and ventilation. In another embodiment, both nasal inserts form an airtight barrier in the corresponding nostrils. The first nasal insert is dedicated for delivering gases and the second nasal insert for sampling gases. The tubular chamber is in fluid communication with both nasal inserts and has an outlet for discharging and delivering gases and for providing continuous positive airway pressure and ventilation.

Abstract: A nasal breathing apparatus with multifunction has two nasal inserts and one tubular chamber. In one embodiment, the first nasal insert forms an airtight barrier inside one nostril for delivering gases. The second nasal insert does not block the other nostril and is for sampling gases. The tubular chamber is in fluid communication with the first nasal insert but not the second nasal insert and has an outlet for discharging and delivering gases and for providing continuous positive airway pressure and ventilation. In another embodiment, both nasal inserts form an airtight barrier in the corresponding nostrils. The first nasal insert is dedicated for delivering gases and the second nasal insert for sampling gases. The tubular chamber is in fluid communication with both nasal inserts and has an outlet for discharging and delivering gases and for providing continuous positive airway pressure and ventilation.

Abstract: A nasal breathing apparatus with multifunction has two nasal inserts and one tubular chamber. In one embodiment, the first nasal insert forms an airtight barrier inside one nostril for delivering gases. The second nasal insert does not block the other nostril and is for sampling gases. The tubular chamber is in fluid communication with the first nasal insert but not the second nasal insert and has an outlet for discharging and delivering gases and for providing continuous positive airway pressure and ventilation. In another embodiment, both nasal inserts form an airtight barrier in the corresponding nostrils. The first nasal insert is dedicated for delivering gases and the second nasal insert for sampling gases. The tubular chamber is in fluid communication with both nasal inserts and has an outlet for discharging and delivering gases and for providing continuous positive airway pressure and ventilation.