Abstract: Examples of assessing susceptibility of a target pathogen based on autofluorescence, are described. In an example, a sample containing a target pathogen and a predefined concentration of a target drug may be obtained. Thereafter, autofluorescence features based on autofluorescence exhibited by the sample in response to the sample being subjected to excitation radiation, may be determined. Once the autofluorescence features are determined, they may be analyzed based on a susceptibility-detection model to determine susceptibility of the target pathogen with respect to the target drug. In an example, the susceptibility-detection model is trained based on a training autofluorescence features correlated with reference data, in which the reference data includes information pertaining to susceptibility or resistance of a reference pathogen with respect to a reference drug.

Abstract: Techniques are for detecting presence of a problematic cellular entity in a target. In an example, using an analysis model, a fluorescence-based image is analyzed. The analysis model is trained using a number of reference fluorescence-based images for detecting the presence of problematic cellular entities in targets. Based on the analysis, a problematic cellular entity present in the target is detected. To perform the detection, the analysis model is trained to differentiate between the fluorescence in the fluorescence-based image emerging from the problematic cellular entity and the fluorescence in the fluorescence-based image emerging from regions other than the problematic cellular entity.

Abstract: Techniques are for detecting presence of a problematic cellular entity in a target. In an example, using an analysis model, a fluorescence-based image is analyzed. The analysis model is trained using a number of reference fluorescence-based images for detecting the presence of problematic cellular entities in targets. Based on the analysis, a problematic cellular entity present in the target is detected. To perform the detection, the analysis model is trained to differentiate between the fluorescence in the fluorescence-based image emerging from the problematic cellular entity and the fluorescence in the fluorescence-based image emerging from regions other than the problematic cellular entity.

Abstract: Techniques are for detecting presence of a problematic cellular entity in a target. In an example, using an analysis model, a fluorescence-based image is analyzed. The analysis model is trained using a number of reference fluorescence-based images for detecting the presence of problematic cellular entities in targets. Based on the analysis, a problematic cellular entity present in the target is detected. To perform the detection, the analysis model is trained to differentiate between the fluorescence in the fluorescence-based image emerging from the problematic cellular entity and the fluorescence in the fluorescence-based image emerging from regions other than the problematic cellular entity.

Abstract: Substituted heterocyclic compounds and/or aromatic compounds containing amide and/or urea groups exhibit resonance in the range of 0.1-10 THz. Binary molecular complexes can be based on the substituted heterocyclic compounds and/or aromatic compounds containing amide and/or urea groups. The compounds and binary molecular complexes have varying molecular mass and hydrogen bond strengths demonstrating several resonances below 10 THz. The compounds and binary molecular complexes are customizable for various applications, such as authentication of a product.

Abstract: Substituted heterocyclic compounds and/or aromatic compounds containing amide and/or urea groups exhibit resonance in the range of 0.1-10 THz. Binary molecular complexes can be based on the substituted heterocyclic compounds and/or aromatic compounds containing amide and/or urea groups. The compounds and binary molecular complexes have varying molecular mass and hydrogen bond strengths demonstrating several resonances below 10 THz. The compounds and binary molecular complexes are customizable for various applications, such as authentication of a product.

Abstract: Light concentration of order more than 10 times using sub-wavelength diffraction gratings integrated on top and bottom surface of a planar glass substrate is claimed. The invention discloses designing of subwavelength gratings, with period less than the wavelength of light, which can effectively guide the incoming solar radiation into the glass substrate. The subwavelength gratings so designed eliminate long wavelength IR light with energy below the band gap of solar cell completely thus reducing the heating of the solar cell and eliminating the extra cooling requirement (size) thus increasing the efficacy. The subwavelength gratings integrated on top of low cost planar glass substrates and can be used for solar photovoltaic and other applications for heating/cooling purposes.

Abstract: Method of designing a security thread in security documents with better color contrast at any viewing angle is claimed. The invention discloses designing of security thread in security documents like bank notes using subwavelength gratings with period and thickness less than the wavelength of light. The sub wavelength gratings preferably asymmetric are designed such that the Oth order reflections are of longer wavelength (red) and the higher order reflections (diffracted orders) are of shorter wavelengths (blue/green). The security thread so designed gives better color contrast unlike the rainbow colors of prior art thus allowing better and easier distinction of authentic documents.

Abstract: Method of designing a security thread in security documents with better color contrast at any viewing angle is claimed. The invention discloses designing of security thread in security documents like bank notes using subwavelength gratings with period and thickness less than the wavelength of light. The sub wavelength gratings preferably asymmetric are designed such that the Oth order reflections are of longer wavelength (red) and the higher order reflections (diffracted orders) are of shorter wavelengths (blue/green). The security thread so designed gives better color contrast unlike the rainbow colors of prior art thus allowing better and easier distinction of authentic documents.

Abstract: Light concentration of order more than 10 times using sub-wavelength diffraction gratings integrated on top and bottom surface of a planar glass substrate is claimed. The invention discloses designing of subwavelength gratings, with period less than the wavelength of light, which can effectively guide the incoming solar radiation into the glass substrate. The subwavelength gratings so designed eliminate long wavelength IR light with energy below the band gap of solar cell completely thus reducing the heating of the solar cell and eliminating the extra cooling requirement (size) thus increasing the efficacy. The subwavelength gratings integrated on top of low cost planar glass substrates and can be used for solar photovoltaic and other applications for heating/cooling purposes.