Abstract: The present invention includes the use of conducting polymers as sensors in distributed sensing systems, as sensors and operating elements in multifunctional devices, and for conducting-polymer based multifunctional sensing fabrics suitable for monitoring humidity, breath, heart rate, blood (location of wounds), blood pressure, skin temperature, weight and movement, in a wearable, electronic embedded sensor system, as examples. A fabric comprising conducting polyaniline fibers that can be used to distribute energy for resistive heating as well as for sensing the fabric temperature is described as an example of a multifunctional sensing fabric.

Abstract: The use of conductive polyaniline fibers for resistive heating applications is described. Unlike metal wires and conductive-polymer coated fibers, under certain conditions, electric voltages or currents used to generate heat in the fibers were found to produce irreversible changes to the polymer backbone that destroy its electrical conductivity but not its structural integrity. The temperature that these changes occur varies with dopant and fiber diameter, and can be tailored to specific applications. Since these changes occur at lower temperatures than the temperature at which dopant molecules within the conductive polymer are lost or decomposed, both of which lower the conductivity of the material, polyaniline fibers can be used for resistive heating applications where the heating element is in the vicinity of the skin of the wearer thereof.

Abstract: Electrochemical synthesis of conjugated polymers in ionic liquids, achievement of electroactivity and electrochroism of conjugated polymers in ionic liquids, and the use of the resulting conjugated polymers for the fabrication of electrochromic devices incorporating ionic liquids as electrolytes are described.

Abstract: Electrochemical synthesis of conjugated polymers in ionic liquids, achievement of electroactivity and electrochroism of conjugated polymers in ionic liquids, and the use of the resulting conjugated polymers for the fabrication of electrochromic devices incorporating ionic liquids as electrolytes are described.