Abstract: In a monostable ferroelectric active matrix display comprising a liquid-crystal layer in the form of a monodomain having an unambiguously defined direction of the layer normals z of the smC* phase, the layer normals z and the preferential direction n of the nematic or cholesteric phase (N* phase) form an angle of more than 5°.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) and to liquid-crystal mixtures comprising these compounds and to the use thereof in liquid-crystal displays.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I), liquid-crystal mixtures comprising these compounds, and their use in liquid-crystal displays: 1

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) and also liquid-crystal mixtures comprising these compounds, and their use in liquid-crystal displays: 1

Abstract: In a monostable ferroelectric active matrix display comprising a liquid-crystal layer in the form of a monodomain having an unambiguously defined direction of the layer normal z of the smC* phase, the layer normals z and the preferential direction n of the nematic or cholesteric phase (N* phase) form an angle of more than 5°.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) 1

Abstract: Ferroelectric liquid-crystal display having a broad operating temperature range. A ferroelectric liquid-crystal display containing a ferroelectric liquid-crystal mixture which is addressed with voltage pulses≧0.9 ms. The display according to the invention is particularly suitable for applications in which the length of the response time is not critical. Such displays can be operated with the same voltage over a broad temperature range; adjustment of the voltage as a function of temperature is not necessary. Examples of preferred applications are displays in chip cards, electronic price and display signs (shelf labels), PDAs (personal digital assistants) and pagers.

Abstract: The invention concerns hydrogenated phenanthrenes of formula I wherein the parameters have the meanings given in the text and their use in liquid crystal compositions.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) R1—A—Z1  (I) in which: R1 is an alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, where, in each case, one (nonterminal) —CH2— group may also be replaced by —O— or —C(═O)O— and/or one or more H may be replaced by F A is phenanthrene-2,7-diyl or 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diyl Z1 is F, OCHxF3−x or CHxF3−x, where, in each case, x is 0, 1 or 2, OC2HzF5−z or C2HzF5−z, where, in each case, z is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, CH═CF2 or Cl, with the proviso that 2-fluoro-7-methoxy-phenanthrene is excluded.

Abstract: Fluorinated naphthalene derivatives of the formula (I) R1(—A1—M1)a(—A2—M2)b—B—(—M3—A3)c—(M4—A4)d—R2  (I) where B is  having the meaning  and R1(—A1—M1)a(—A2—M2) and (—M3—A3)(M4—A4)R2 are mesogenic radicals, are suitable as components of liquid-crystal mixtures, in particular ferroelectric liquid-crystal mixtures.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture, especially useful for operation in the &tgr;Vmin−mode, comprises a 5-Arylindane derivative of the formula (I), wherein Y is CH, CF or N and R1(—A1—M1)a(—A2—M2)b—, (M3—A3—)cR2 are mesogenic groups.

Abstract: Tetrahydrothiophene derivatives of the formula (I) R1—X—(A1—M1)a—(A2—M2)b—A3—Y—T—Z—R2  (I) where the symbols and indices have the following meanings, for example: T is undirected and is tetrahydrothiophene-2,5-diyl or tetrahydrothiophene-2,4-diyl R1 is hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched C1-20-alkyl or C2-20-alkenyl radical (with or without asymmetric carbon atoms), R2 is hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical (with or without asymmetric carbon atoms) having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, X is a single bond, —O—, OC(═O)—, —C(═O)O— or —OC(═O)O— Y is —OC(═O)—, —SC(═O)—, —OCH2— or —CH2CH2— Z is a single bond or —O— A1, A2 and A3 are undirected different and are each, independently of one another phenylene-1,4-diyl, M1 and M2 are undirected and are each, independently of one another —OC(&boxH

Abstract: Benzothiazoles of the formula (I) are used as components of liquid-crystal mixtures where the symbols and indices preferably have the following meanings: X1 and X2, independently of one another, are —CH—, —CF—, the —(R1)—C— group or the —(R1—A1—M1)C— group Y1 and Y2, independently of one another, are hydrogen or fluorine, but are not simultaneously fluorine with the provisos that: x1) X2 is the —(R1)C— group or the —(R1—A1—M1)C— group, and X1 is —CF—, Y1 is F and Y2 is H, or x2) X1 is the —(R1)C— group or the —(R1—A1—M1)C— group, and X2 is —CF—, Y2 is F and Y1 is H, or x3) X2 is the —(R1)C— group or the —(R1—A1—M1)C— group, and X1 is —CH—, Y1 is H and Y2 is F, or x4) X1 is the —(R1)C— group or the —(R1—A1—M1)C— group, and X2 is —CH&mdash

Abstract: Benzothiophene derivatives of the formula (I) are used as components of liquid-crystal mixtures where the symbols and indices have the following meanings: X1 and X2, independently of one another, are —CH—, —CF—, the —(R1)C— group or the —(R1—A1—M1)C— group, with the provisos that x1) X1 and X2 are not simultaneously the —(R1)C— or —(R1—A1—M1)C— group, and x2) X1 and X2 are only simultaneously —CH— or —CF— if Z is fluorine Y1 and Y2, independently of one another, are hydrogen or fluorine, but both are not simultaneously fluorine z is hydrogen or fluorine R1 and R2, independently of one another, are, for example, a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical (with or without asymmetrical carbon atoms) having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A1 and A2 are, for example, phenylene-1,4-diyl, M1 is undirected and is —OC(═O)—, —OC(═O)O—, —OCH2&mdas

Abstract: The invention concerns hydrogenated phenanthrenes of formula I 1

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I)

Abstract: In the fluorinated azoles of the formula (I) R1(—A1)a—T—(A2—)b(M—A3—)cR2   (I) the symbols and indices have -the following meanings: T is undirected and is 4-fluorothiazole-2,5-diyl, 5-fluorothiazole-2,4-diyl, 4-fluorooxazole-2,5-diyl, 5-fluorooxazole-2,4-diyl or 4-fluoroisoxazole-2,5-diyl; R1 and R2 are identical or different and are hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched C1-20-alkyl or C2-20-alkenyl radical (with or without asymmetrical carbon atoms); A1, A2 and A3 are identical or different and are, for example, phenylene-1,4-diyl or cyclohexane-1,4-diyl; M is undirected and is —OC(═O)—, —OCH2—, —CH2CH2—, —OC(═O)CH2CH2—, —OCH2CH2CH2—, —C≡C—, —CH2CH2CH2CH2— or a single bond; a, b and c, independently of one another, are 0 or 1, with the proviso that the sum a+b+c is 1 or 2.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture having a negative value of &Dgr;e and allowing a high speed response and a low voltage driving, as well as a liquid crystal display devise using the crystal mixture of the invention. The ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture according to the invention comprises two or more compounds from at least two different of the following classes of compounds: A. thiadiazoles, B. phenanthrenes, C. 2-fluoropyridines, D. difluorobenzenes, E. meta-substituted aromatic compounds.

Abstract: A chiral smectic liquid crystal mixture, especially useful for operation in the .tau.V.sub.min -mode, comprises a substituted 1,2-difluornaphthaline derivatives of the formula (I),R.sup.1 (--A.sup.1 --M.sup.1).sub.a (--A.sup.2 --M.sup.2).sub.b --B--(M.sup.3 --A.sup.3 --).sub.c (M.sup.4 --A.sup.4 --).sub.d R.sup.2 (I)wherein the symbols and indices have the following meanings:B is ##STR1## or ##STR2## X is H or F; Y is H, F or together O, andR.sup.1 (--A.sup.1 --M.sup.1).sub.a (--A.sup.2 --M.sup.2).sub.b --, (M.sup.3 --A.sup.3 --).sub.c (M.sup.4 --A.sup.4 --).sub.d R.sup.2 are mesogenic groups.

Abstract: Difluorophenylpyrimidylpyridine derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X is N and Y is CH or X is CH and Y is N;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and area) an unbranched or branched alkyl chain having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, whereaa) one or more non-adjacent and non-terminal CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--, --CO--O--, --O--CO--, --O--CO--O-- or --Si(CH.sub.3).sub.2 --, and/orab) one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, and/orac) the terminal CH.sub.3 group may be replaced by one of the following chiral groups (optically active or racemic): ##STR2## R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are identical or different and are hydrogen or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1-16 carbon atoms (with or without an asymmetrical carbon atom), where, in addition, one or more non-adjacent non-terminal CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--, and/or where one or more H atoms of the alkyl radical may be substituted by --F; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may alternatively together be --(CH.sub.2).sub.